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And in this context, the commentator quotes a verse from the Vishnu Purana. It says,<blockquote>या प्रीतिरविवेकानां विषयेष्वानपायिनी । त्वामनुस्मरतः सा मे हृदयान्माऽपसर्पतु ॥ वि.पु. १.२०.१७</blockquote><blockquote>''yā prītiravivekānāṁ viṣayeṣvānapāyinī । tvāmanusmarataḥ sā me hr̥dayānmā'pasarpatu ॥ vi.pu. 1.20.17''</blockquote>Meaning: The firm affection that the deluded feel towards the objects of the senses, such a firm affection (may I have towards you) may it never depart from my heart while I am constantly meditating upon you.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Manmathanath Paul (1911), [https://ia802606.us.archive.org/24/items/Sacred_Books_of_the_Hindus/SBH%2007%20-%20Bhakti%20Ratnavali%20of%20Vishnu%20Puri,%20Narada%20&%20Sandilya%20Bhakti%20Sutras%20English%20Translation%201912.pdf The One Hundred Aphorisms of Sandilya with the Commentary of Svapnesvara], Allahabad: The Panini Office, Bhuvaneswati Asrama.</ref>
And in this context, the commentator quotes a verse from the Vishnu Purana. It says,<blockquote>या प्रीतिरविवेकानां विषयेष्वानपायिनी । त्वामनुस्मरतः सा मे हृदयान्माऽपसर्पतु ॥ वि.पु. १.२०.१७</blockquote><blockquote>''yā prītiravivekānāṁ viṣayeṣvānapāyinī । tvāmanusmarataḥ sā me hr̥dayānmā'pasarpatu ॥ vi.pu. 1.20.17''</blockquote>Meaning: The firm affection that the deluded feel towards the objects of the senses, such a firm affection (may I have towards you) may it never depart from my heart while I am constantly meditating upon you.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Manmathanath Paul (1911), [https://ia802606.us.archive.org/24/items/Sacred_Books_of_the_Hindus/SBH%2007%20-%20Bhakti%20Ratnavali%20of%20Vishnu%20Puri,%20Narada%20&%20Sandilya%20Bhakti%20Sutras%20English%20Translation%201912.pdf The One Hundred Aphorisms of Sandilya with the Commentary of Svapnesvara], Allahabad: The Panini Office, Bhuvaneswati Asrama.</ref>
=== What is not Bhakti ? ===
While elaborating on the role of 'attachment' in Bhakti, the commentator Svapneshvara enumerates in brief about what is 'not bhakti'. He says,
* To be engaged in remembering (Ishvara) sometimes and to sing (His glories) at other times - this also cannot (be described as devotion), because it is not necessarily associated with these always.
न तु क्वचित्स्मरणस्य, क्वचिच्च कीर्तनादेः अननुगमात्।
* Nor again, devotion is knowledge of Ishvara since this knowledge might exist even in those who hate Him and a person cannot possibly entertain love and attachment towards his antagonist though he knows him.
न च तज्ज्ञानस्य तत्त्वं द्वेषादिमत्स्वपि तत्प्रसङ्गात् ।
* Neither is devotion knowledge of the Ishvara as the object of worship, for acts of worship such as salutation are not always accompanied with knowledge.
नाप्याराध्यत्वेन ज्ञानं स पूजानमस्काराद्याराधनास्वननुगमात् ।
Hence, it is stated that it is simpler to accept devotion as an affection (as the sutra ''sā parānuraktirīśvare'' declares) if it is said that devotion is the knowledge that Ishvara is to be propitiated, coupled with affection.
अनुरागादिसहिताराध्यत्वज्ञानमिति चेत् अनुराग एवास्तु |
अत एव गी॰। अ॰
== नवविधाभक्तिः ॥ Navavidha ==
== नवविधाभक्तिः ॥ Navavidha ==
* मध्यमभक्तो यथा, -- “ईश्वरे तदधीने वा वालिशेषु द्बिषत्सु च । प्रेममैत्रीकृपोपेक्षा यः करोति स मध्यमः ॥”
* मध्यमभक्तो यथा, -- “ईश्वरे तदधीने वा वालिशेषु द्बिषत्सु च । प्रेममैत्रीकृपोपेक्षा यः करोति स मध्यमः ॥”
* प्राकृतभक्तो यथा, -- “अर्च्चायामेव हरये पूजां यः श्रद्धयेहते । न तद्भक्तेषु चान्येषु स भक्तः प्राकृतः स्मृतः ॥” इति श्रीहरिभक्तिविलासः ॥
* प्राकृतभक्तो यथा, -- “अर्च्चायामेव हरये पूजां यः श्रद्धयेहते । न तद्भक्तेषु चान्येषु स भक्तः प्राकृतः स्मृतः ॥” इति श्रीहरिभक्तिविलासः ॥
Moreover, expressions such as 'He is devoted to him', 'He is attached to him', are not applicable to one who worships through fear or force though there be the knowledge that one is adorable, etc.
अपि च बलाद्भयाद् वा नमस्कार्यत्वादिज्ञानवत्यपि भक्तोऽयमनुरक्तोऽयमिति व्यवहारापत्तेः ।
== References ==
== References ==
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