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== Types of Mrtyu ==

== Types of Mrtyu ==

Based on the manner in which a purusha succumbs to death or the causative factors behind one's death, Mrutyu is known to be of two types. The type of mrtyu which occurs as a result of natural process of ageing is called as Kala Mrtyu (Natural death or timely death) while the type of death which occurs due to some unprecedented situation or some external factor like accident, injury or poison etc is called as Akala Mrtyu (premature death or untimely death). Akala mrtyu is also called as Agantu type of Mrtyu by Acharya Sushruta. Agantu denotes external factor and thus untimely death is believed to be related to this factor.  

Based on the manner in which a purusha succumbs to death or the causative factors behind one's death, Mrutyu is known to be of two types. The type of mrtyu which occurs as a result of natural process of ageing is called as Kala Mrtyu (Natural death or timely death) while the type of death which occurs due to some unprecedented situation or some external factor like accident, injury or poison etc is called as Akala Mrtyu (premature death or untimely death). Akala mrtyu is also called as Agantu type of Mrtyu by Acharya Sushruta. Agantu denotes external factor and thus untimely death is believed to be related to this factor. <blockquote>एकोत्तरं मृत्युशतमथर्वाणः प्रचक्षते ||६|| तत्रैकः कालसंयुक्तः शेषा आगन्तवः स्मृताः |७| (Su su 34/7)</blockquote>

 

एकोत्तरं मृत्युशतमथर्वाणः प्रचक्षते ||६||

 

तत्रैकः कालसंयुक्तः शेषा आगन्तवः स्मृताः |७| (Su su 34/7)

=== Kala Mrtyu ===

=== Kala Mrtyu ===

Kala mrtyu denotes death by natural causes or death occurring as a consequence of natural ageing process of physical body. The physical body is called as [[Sharira (शरीरम्)|Shariram]] in Ayurveda which is defined as, 'the one which undergoes continuous degeneration'. Therefore, there comes a point of time in one's life where, the Shariram or physical body degenerates to a level at which it fails to maintain the connection with Indriyas (senses), manas (mind) and atma (life energy). Once this link between Shariram, manas, indriyas and life energy is broken, life can not continue. In other words, Mrtyu occurs due to disruption of link between these components due to natural process of ageing of physical body. This type of death is referred to as Kala Mrtyu.  

Kala mrtyu denotes death by natural causes or death occurring as a consequence of natural ageing process of physical body. The physical body is called as [[Sharira (शरीरम्)|Shariram]] in Ayurveda which is defined as, 'the one which undergoes continuous degeneration'. Therefore, there comes a point of time in one's life where, the Shariram or physical body degenerates to a level at which it fails to maintain the connection with Indriyas (senses), manas (mind) and atma (life energy). Once this link between Shariram, manas, indriyas and life energy is broken, life can not continue. In other words, Mrtyu occurs due to disruption of link between these components due to natural process of ageing of physical body. This type of death is referred to as Kala Mrtyu. <blockquote>तथाऽऽयुः शरीरोपगतं बलवत्प्रकृत्या यथावदुपचर्यमाणं स्वप्रमाणक्षयादेवावसानं गच्छति; स मृत्युः काले| (Cha vi 3/38)</blockquote>Dalhana, the commentator on Sushruta samhita, has quoted opinion of Vyasabhattaraka (acharya) that, Akala Mrtyu does not occur in any case. Any death is Kala Mrtyu which occurs only when the right time of death specific to that individual has arrived. If that time has not arrived then even after numerous life threatening situations, that human does not die. On the similar line, if the right time of death for the person has arrived then even the otherwise trivial cause could become fatal for that person. Thus, all mrtyus are Kala mrutyus only. <blockquote>व्यासभट्टारकेणायुक्तं- “नाकाले म्रियते कच्चिद्विद्धः शरशतैरपि| कालप्राप्तस्य कौन्तेय! वज्रायन्ते तृणान्यपि”- इति| (Dalhana, Su su. 1/25)</blockquote>

 

तथाऽऽयुः शरीरोपगतं बलवत्प्रकृत्या यथावदुपचर्यमाणं स्वप्रमाणक्षयादेवावसानं गच्छति; स मृत्युः काले| (Cha vi 3/38)

 

Dalhana, the commentator on Sushruta samhita, has quoted opinion of Vyasabhattaraka (acharya) that, Akala Mrtyu does not occur in any case. Any death is Kala Mrtyu which occurs only when the right time of death specific to that individual has arrived. If that time has not arrived then even after numerous life threatening situations, that human does not die. On the similar line, if the right time of death for the person has arrived then even the otherwise trivial cause could become fatal for that person. Thus, all mrtyus are Kala mrutyus only.  

 

व्यासभट्टारकेणायुक्तं- “नाकाले म्रियते कच्चिद्विद्धः शरशतैरपि| कालप्राप्तस्य कौन्तेय! वज्रायन्ते तृणान्यपि”- इति| (Dalhana, Su su. 1/25)

=== Akala Mrtyu ===

=== Akala Mrtyu ===

Akala Mrtyu is the type of death where death occurs accidentally, due to some external factor and not due to natural process of ageing. Thus, Akala mtyu refers to  untimely death. Acharyas have mentioned few causative factors which have potential to cause untimely death. These are the factors which should thus be avoided by those who wish to live healthy and long life. The factors that might cause untimely death are as below,

Akala Mrtyu is the type of death where death occurs accidentally or due to some external factor and not due to natural process of ageing. Thus, Akala mtyu refers to  untimely death. Acharyas have mentioned few causative factors which have potential to cause untimely death. These are the factors which should thus be avoided by those who wish to live healthy and long life. The factors that might cause untimely death are as below,(Cha vi 3/38)

# Over-exertion or over-streching one's physical limits for a long time

# Over-exertion or over-streching one's physical limits for a long time

# Eating without considering one's capacity to digest or eating in excess  

# Eating without considering one's capacity to digest or eating in excess  

# Direct injuries or trauma  

# Direct injuries or trauma  

# Avoiding food and medicines

# Avoiding food and medicines

# Inappropriate treatment of diseases like Jwara

# Inappropriate treatment of diseases like Jwara (Cha vi 3/38)

From all the above casues one's life may come to the end prematurely and thus is called as  

From all the above casuses the physical body of the humans is damaged and undergoes rapid degeneration due to imbalances of [[Doshas (दोषाः)|doshas]] an [[Dhatus (धातवः)|dhatus]]. In this manner, one's life may come to the end prematurely and thus is called as Akala Mrtyu or untimely death. <blockquote>मृत्युरप्यकालजः प्रतिकार्यः (Dalhana, Su su. 1/25)</blockquote><blockquote>“यथा वर्षमकाले च यथा पुष्पं यथा फलम्| यथा स्याद्दीपनिर्वाणमकाले मरणं तथा”- इति| व्यासवचनमप्यर्जुनप्रोत्साहकमकालमृत्युस्थापकं दृश्यते; तथाहि- “जलमग्निर्विषं शस्त्रं स्त्रियो राजकुलानि च| अकालमृत्यवो ह्येते तेभ्यो बिभ्यति पण्डिताः”- इति| (Dalhana, Su su. 1/25)</blockquote>

 

 

 

Similarly, in the event of overstrain, eating in excess of one’s own ''agni'' (digestive power), irregular meals, irregular posture of the body, excessive indulgence in sex, company of evil or wicked, suppression of manifested natural urges, non-suppression of urges which should be controlled, affliction with evil spirits (germs), poison, wind and fire, exposure to injuries and avoidance of food and medicines, or if afflicted with diseases but not treated properly, the life of a human being comes to a premature end. This is called ''akala mrityu'' (premature death).

 

मृत्युरप्यकालजः प्रतिकार्यः (Dalhana, Su su. 1/25)

 

“यथा वर्षमकाले च यथा पुष्पं यथा फलम्| यथा स्याद्दीपनिर्वाणमकाले मरणं तथा”- इति| व्यासवचनमप्यर्जुनप्रोत्साहकमकालमृत्युस्थापकं दृश्यते; तथाहि- “जलमग्निर्विषं शस्त्रं स्त्रियो राजकुलानि च| अकालमृत्यवो ह्येते तेभ्यो बिभ्यति पण्डिताः”- इति| (Dalhana, Su su. 1/25)

[[Category:Ayurveda]]

[[Category:Ayurveda]]