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==कुबेरस्योत्पत्तिः ॥ Origin of Kubera==

==कुबेरस्योत्पत्तिः ॥ Origin of Kubera==

Mahabharata details that Vaishravana, leaving his father Pulastya, was always in service of his grandfather Brahma. Angered by this action, Pulastya created another form of his from half his body, called as Vishravas.  <blockquote>स जज्ञे विश्रवा नाम तस्यात्मार्धेन वै द्विजः। प्रतीकाराय सक्रोधस्ततो वैश्रवणस्य वै॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 274.14)</blockquote><blockquote>sa jajñē viśravā nāma tasyātmārdhēna vai dvijaḥ। pratīkārāya sakrōdhastatō vaiśravaṇasya vai॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 274.14)</blockquote>Vishravas held a deep resentment for Vaishravana and was always looking for an opportunity to attack him. Brahma was highly pleased with the services of Vaishravana or Kubera (कुबेरः) and bestowed Amaratva (अमरत्वम्) or immortality apart from all the other boons. <blockquote>पितामहस्तु प्रीतात्मा ददौ वैश्रवणस्य ह। अमरत्वं धनेशत्वं लोकपालत्वमेव च॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 274.15)</blockquote><blockquote>pitāmahastu prītātmā dadau vaiśravaṇasya ha। amaratvaṁ dhanēśatvaṁ lōkapālatvamēva ca॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 274.15)</blockquote>Brahma encouraged Vaishravana to seek support of Mahadeva and granted him a son, named Nalakubara. He also gave Vaishravana the title of "Rajaraja" and granted Pushpakavimana to travel anywhere as per his wish via the aerial route.

Mahabharata details that Vaishravana, leaving his father Pulastya, was always engaged in seva (सेवा | selfless service) of his grandfather Brahma. Angered by this action, Pulastya created another form of his from half his body, called as Vishravas.  <blockquote>स जज्ञे विश्रवा नाम तस्यात्मार्धेन वै द्विजः। प्रतीकाराय सक्रोधस्ततो वैश्रवणस्य वै॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 274.14)</blockquote><blockquote>sa jajñē viśravā nāma tasyātmārdhēna vai dvijaḥ। pratīkārāya sakrōdhastatō vaiśravaṇasya vai॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 274.14)</blockquote>Vishravas held a deep resentment for Vaishravana and was always looking for an opportunity to attack him. Brahma was highly pleased with the seva of Vaishravana or Kubera (कुबेरः) and bestowed Amaratva (अमरत्वम्) or immortality apart from all the other boons. <blockquote>पितामहस्तु प्रीतात्मा ददौ वैश्रवणस्य ह। अमरत्वं धनेशत्वं लोकपालत्वमेव च॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 274.15)</blockquote><blockquote>pitāmahastu prītātmā dadau vaiśravaṇasya ha। amaratvaṁ dhanēśatvaṁ lōkapālatvamēva ca॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 274.15)</blockquote>Brahma encouraged Vaishravana to seek support of Mahadeva and granted him a son, named Nalakubara. He also gave Vaishravana the title of "Rajaraja" and granted Pushpakavimana to travel anywhere as per his wish via the aerial route.

Vaishravana or Rajaraja Kubera always lived in Lanka, enjoying all the wealth, he engaged people to carry him on their shoulders in a vehicle, hence called Naravahana (नरवाहनः).   

Vaishravana or Rajaraja Kubera always lived in Lanka, enjoying all the wealth, he engaged people to carry him on their shoulders in a vehicle, hence called Naravahana (नरवाहनः).   

== रावणस्योत्पत्तिः ॥ Origin of Ravana ==

== रावणस्योत्पत्तिः ॥ Origin of Ravana ==

Vaishravana who was granted many boons by his grandfather, Brahma, was always viewed with resentment and anger by his father's form Vishravas (विश्रवस्). He made many attempts to please him. To please his father Vishravas, he engaged the services of three rakshasis (परिचारिकाः) named Pushpotkata (पुष्पोत्कटा) Malini (मालिनी) and Raaka (राका) well versed in song and dance and who served him competitively to gain his good graces. Pleased with their service, Vishravas granted them each of them sons according to their wish, who are as mighty with immense strength equal to that of lokapalakas.  

Vaishravana who was granted many boons by his grandfather, Brahma, was always viewed with resentment and anger by his father's form Vishravas (विश्रवस्). He made many attempts to please him. To please his father Vishravas, he engaged the sevas (सेवा | selfless service) of three rakshasis (परिचारिकाः) named Pushpotkata (पुष्पोत्कटा), Malini (मालिनी) and Raaka (राका) well versed in song and dance and who served him competitively to gain his good graces. Pleased with their seva, Vishravas granted each of them sons according to their wish, who are as mighty with immense strength equal to that of lokapalakas.  

<blockquote>पुष्पोत्कटायां जज्ञाते द्वौ पुत्रौ राक्षसेश्वरौ। कुम्भकर्णदशग्रीवौ बलेनाप्रतिमौ भुवि॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 275.7)</blockquote><blockquote>puṣpōtkaṭāyāṁ jajñātē dvau putrau rākṣasēśvarau। kumbhakarṇadaśagrīvau balēnāpratimau bhuvi॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 275.7)</blockquote><blockquote>मालिनी जनयामास पुत्रमेकं विभीषणम्। राकायां मिथुनं जज्ञे खरः शूर्पणखा तथा॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 275.8) </blockquote><blockquote>mālinī janayāmāsa putramēkaṁ vibhīṣaṇam। rākāyāṁ mithunaṁ jajñē kharaḥ śūrpaṇakhā tathā॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 275.8)</blockquote>Ravana and Kumbhakarna of Pushpotkata who were mighty rakshasas. Malini gave birth to one son named Vibhishana. Raaka gave birth to a male child named Khara and a female child named Surpanakha.

<blockquote>पुष्पोत्कटायां जज्ञाते द्वौ पुत्रौ राक्षसेश्वरौ। कुम्भकर्णदशग्रीवौ बलेनाप्रतिमौ भुवि॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 275.7)</blockquote><blockquote>puṣpōtkaṭāyāṁ jajñātē dvau putrau rākṣasēśvarau। kumbhakarṇadaśagrīvau balēnāpratimau bhuvi॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 275.7)</blockquote><blockquote>मालिनी जनयामास पुत्रमेकं विभीषणम्। राकायां मिथुनं जज्ञे खरः शूर्पणखा तथा॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 275.8) </blockquote><blockquote>mālinī janayāmāsa putramēkaṁ vibhīṣaṇam। rākāyāṁ mithunaṁ jajñē kharaḥ śūrpaṇakhā tathā॥ (Maha. Vana. Parv. 275.8)</blockquote>Ravana and Kumbhakarna of Pushpotkata who were mighty rakshasas. Malini gave birth to one son named Vibhishana. Raaka gave birth to a male child named Khara and a female child named Surpanakha.