Changes

* One should not place fire under a bed, cross or step over it. One should never do anything that may affect living beings. (Manu Smrt. 4.54).<ref name=":1" />

* One should not place fire under a bed, cross or step over it. One should never do anything that may affect living beings. (Manu Smrt. 4.54).<ref name=":1" />

<blockquote>अधस्तान्नोपदध्याच्च न चैनं अभिलङ्घयेत् । न चैनं पादतः कुर्यान्न प्राणाबाधं आचरेत् || ४.५४ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>adhastānnopadadhyācca na cainaṁ abhilaṅghayet । na cainaṁ pādataḥ kuryānna prāṇābādhaṁ ācaret || 4.54 ||</blockquote>

<blockquote>अधस्तान्नोपदध्याच्च न चैनं अभिलङ्घयेत् । न चैनं पादतः कुर्यान्न प्राणाबाधं आचरेत् || ४.५४ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>adhastānnopadadhyācca na cainaṁ abhilaṅghayet । na cainaṁ pādataḥ kuryānna prāṇābādhaṁ ācaret || 4.54 ||</blockquote>

* Let him not interrupt a cow who is suckling (her calf), nor tell anybody of it. (4.59)  

* Having seen a cow feeding her calf, one should not push them away nor tell anybody of it. In fact, one should also not ride on the back of cows. (Manu Smrt. 4.59 and 4.72).<ref name=":1" />

<blockquote>न वारयेद्गां धयन्तीं न चाचक्षीत कस्य चित् ।। ४.५९ || na vārayedgāṁ dhayantīṁ na cācakṣīta kasya cit ।। 4.59 ||</blockquote>

<blockquote>न वारयेद्गां धयन्तीं न चाचक्षीत कस्य चित् ।। ४.५९ ||</blockquote>

<blockquote>गवां च यानं पृष्ठेन सर्वथैव विगर्हितम् || ४.७२ || gavāṁ ca yānaṁ pr̥ṣṭhena sarvathaiva vigarhitam || 4.72 ||</blockquote>

<blockquote>na vārayedgāṁ dhayantīṁ na cācakṣīta kasya cit ।। 4.59 ||</blockquote>

* Let him not insult those who have redundant limbs or are deficient in limbs, nor those destitute of knowledge, nor very aged men, nor those who have no beauty or wealth, nor those who are of low birth. (4.141)  

<blockquote>gavāṁ ca yānaṁ pr̥ṣṭhena sarvathaiva vigarhitam || 4.72 ||</blockquote>

<blockquote>हीनाङ्गानतिरिक्ताङ्गान्विद्याहीनान्वयोऽधिकान् । रूपद्रविणहीनांश्च जातिहीनांश्च नाक्षिपेत् || ४.१४१ ||</blockquote><blockquote>hīnāṅgānatiriktāṅgānvidyāhīnānvayo'dhikān । rūpadraviṇahīnāṁśca jātihīnāṁśca nākṣipet || 4.141 ||</blockquote>

* One should never insult those who are in any way physically handicapped, nor those devoid of knowledge, nor the aged, nor those who have no beauty or wealth, nor those who are of low social standing. (Manu Smrt. 4.141).<ref name=":3" />

* Let him reverentially salute venerable men (who visit him), give them his own seat, let him sit near them with joined hands and, when they leave, (accompany them), walking behind them. (4.154)  

<blockquote>हीनाङ्गानतिरिक्ताङ्गान्विद्याहीनान्वयोऽधिकान् । रूपद्रविणहीनांश्च जातिहीनांश्च नाक्षिपेत् || ४.१४१ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>hīnāṅgānatiriktāṅgānvidyāhīnānvayo'dhikān । rūpadraviṇahīnāṁśca jātihīnāṁśca nākṣipet || 4.141 ||</blockquote>

<blockquote>अभिवादयेद्वृद्धांश्च दद्याच्चैवासनं स्वकम् । कृताञ्जलिरुपासीत गच्छतः पृष्ठतोऽन्वियात् || ४.१५४ ||</blockquote><blockquote>abhivādayedvr̥ddhāṁśca dadyāccaivāsanaṁ svakam । kr̥tāñjalirupāsīta gacchataḥ pr̥ṣṭhato'nviyāt || 4.154 ||</blockquote>

* When venerable people visit, one should greet the, reverentially, offer them one's own seat, sit humbly near them, and when they leave, accompany them for a short distance. (Manu Smrt. 4.154).<ref name=":3" />

* With an officiating or a domestic priest, with a teacher, with a maternal uncle, a guest and a dependant, with infants, aged and sick men, with learned men, with his paternal relatives, connections by marriage and maternal relatives, (4.179) With his father and his mother, with female relatives, with a brother, with his son and his wife, with his daughter and with his slaves, let him not have quarrels. (4.180) Because, if he avoids quarrels with these persons, he will be freed from all sins.

<blockquote>अभिवादयेद्वृद्धांश्च दद्याच्चैवासनं स्वकम् । कृताञ्जलिरुपासीत गच्छतः पृष्ठतोऽन्वियात् || ४.१५४ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>abhivādayedvr̥ddhāṁśca dadyāccaivāsanaṁ svakam । kr̥tāñjalirupāsīta gacchataḥ pr̥ṣṭhato'nviyāt || 4.154 ||</blockquote>

<blockquote>ऋत्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यैर्मातुलातिथिसंश्रितैः । बालवृद्धातुरैर्वैद्यैर्ज्ञातिसंबन्धिबान्धवैः || ४.१७९ ||</blockquote><blockquote>मातापितृभ्यां जामीभिर्भ्रात्रा पुत्रेण भार्यया । दुहित्रा दासवर्गेण विवादं न समाचरेत् || ४.१८० ||</blockquote><blockquote>r̥tvikpurohitācāryairmātulātithisaṁśritaiḥ । bālavr̥ddhāturairvaidyairjñātisaṁbandhibāndhavaiḥ || 4.179 ||</blockquote><blockquote>mātāpitr̥bhyāṁ jāmībhirbhrātrā putreṇa bhāryayā । duhitrā dāsavargeṇa vivādaṁ na samācaret || 4.180 ||</blockquote>

* At all costs, one should avoid quarreling with an officiating or a domestic priest, with a teacher, with a maternal uncle, a guest and a dependant, with infants, aged and the sick, with learned people, with paternal or maternal relatives, connections by marriage, with one's father and mother, with female relatives, with a brother, with one's children and spouse and with one's servants and employees. (Manu Smrt. 4.179 and 180). Because, if one avoids quarrels with these people, one will be freed from all sins.<ref name=":3" />

* It is also said that infants, aged, poor and sick men must be considered as rulers of the middle sphere, the eldest brother as equal to one’s father, one’s wife and one’s son as one’s own body, (4.184) One’s slaves as one’s shadow, one’s daughter as the highest object of tenderness; hence if one is offended by (any one of) these, one must bear it without resentment. (4.185) 

<blockquote>ऋत्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यैर्मातुलातिथिसंश्रितैः । बालवृद्धातुरैर्वैद्यैर्ज्ञातिसंबन्धिबान्धवैः || ४.१७९ ||</blockquote><blockquote>मातापितृभ्यां जामीभिर्भ्रात्रा पुत्रेण भार्यया । दुहित्रा दासवर्गेण विवादं न समाचरेत् || ४.१८० ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>r̥tvikpurohitācāryairmātulātithisaṁśritaiḥ । bālavr̥ddhāturairvaidyairjñātisaṁbandhibāndhavaiḥ || 4.179 ||</blockquote><blockquote>mātāpitr̥bhyāṁ jāmībhirbhrātrā putreṇa bhāryayā । duhitrā dāsavargeṇa vivādaṁ na samācaret || 4.180 ||</blockquote>

<blockquote>आकाशेशास्तु विज्ञेया बालवृद्धकृशातुराः । भ्राता ज्येष्ठः समः पित्रा भार्या पुत्रः स्वका तनुः || ४.१८४ ||</blockquote><blockquote>छाया स्वो दासवर्गश्च दुहिता कृपणं परम् । तस्मादेतैरधिक्षिप्तः सहेतासंज्वरः सदा || ४.१८५ ||</blockquote><blockquote>ākāśeśāstu vijñeyā bālavr̥ddhakr̥śāturāḥ । bhrātā jyeṣṭhaḥ samaḥ pitrā bhāryā putraḥ svakā tanuḥ || 4.184 ||</blockquote><blockquote>chāyā svo dāsavargaśca duhitā kr̥paṇaṁ param । tasmādetairadhikṣiptaḥ sahetāsaṁjvaraḥ sadā || 4.185 ||</blockquote>

* It is also said that infants, aged, poor and sick people must be considered as rulers of the middle sphere, the eldest brother as equal to one’s father, one’s spouse and one’s son as one’s own body, one’s employees as one’s shadow, one’s daughter is the highest object of tenderness; hence if one is offended by (any one of) these, one must bear it without resentment. (Manu Smrt. 4.184 and 185).<ref name=":3" /> 

<blockquote>आकाशेशास्तु विज्ञेया बालवृद्धकृशातुराः । भ्राता ज्येष्ठः समः पित्रा भार्या पुत्रः स्वका तनुः || ४.१८४ ||</blockquote><blockquote>छाया स्वो दासवर्गश्च दुहिता कृपणं परम् । तस्मादेतैरधिक्षिप्तः सहेतासंज्वरः सदा || ४.१८५ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>ākāśeśāstu vijñeyā bālavr̥ddhakr̥śāturāḥ । bhrātā jyeṣṭhaḥ samaḥ pitrā bhāryā putraḥ svakā tanuḥ || 4.184 ||</blockquote><blockquote>chāyā svo dāsavargaśca duhitā kr̥paṇaṁ param । tasmādetairadhikṣiptaḥ sahetāsaṁjvaraḥ sadā || 4.185 ||</blockquote>

=== आहारः निद्रा च ॥ Food and Sleep ===

=== आहारः निद्रा च ॥ Food and Sleep ===