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→वापीकूपतडागोत्सर्गविधिवर्णनम् ॥ Dedication of Water Reservoirs: Added procedure of Utsarga and references
== वापीकूपतडागोत्सर्गविधिवर्णनम् ॥ Dedication of Water Reservoirs ==
== वापीकूपतडागोत्सर्गविधिवर्णनम् ॥ Dedication of Water Reservoirs ==
Bhavishya purana is quoted by Nirnayasindhu (p.238)<ref>Nirnaya Sindhu ([https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.486086/2015.486086.Nirnaya-Sindhu#page/n253/mode/2up Paricheda 3 Purvabhaga])</ref><blockquote>सदा जलं पवित्रं स्यादपवित्रमसंस्कृतम् । कुशाग्रेणापि राजेन्द्र स्प्रष्टग्यमसंस्कृतम् ॥</blockquote><blockquote>वापीकूपतडागदौ यज्जलं स्यादसंस्कृतम् । अपेयं तद्भवेत्सर्वे पीत्वा चान्द्रायणं चरेत् ॥</blockquote>
Sevaral works give a very comprehensive procedure of the consecration of wells, ponds and tanks, based on the grhyaparisishtas, the puranas, the tantras, Pancharatras and other works. A few works that cite these procedures include
* Matsya Purana (तड़ागारामकूपादीनां प्रतिष्ठाविधिवर्णनम् । Adhaya 58)<ref>Matsya Purana ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE Adhyaya 58])</ref>
* Bhavishya Purana (Parva 4 Uttaraparva, Adhyaya 127)<ref>Bhavishya Purana ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A5%AA_(%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5)/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%AD Parva 4 Adhyaya 127])</ref>
* Apararka (p. 409-414)
* Hemadri (Danakanda. p.997-1029) in Chaturvarga Chintamani
* Danakriyakaumudi (p.160-181)
* Jalashayotsarga-tattva of Raghunandana
* Pratishtamayukha and Utsargamayukha of Nilakantha
* Rajadharmakaustubha (p. 171-223)
=== जलपवित्रीकरणम् ॥ Sanctifying waters ===
The central idea is that unless the reservoir was consecrated in the way prescribed its water is not holy and when consecrated it became holy. Bhavishya purana quoted by Nirnayasindhu (p.238) says the following <ref>Nirnaya Sindhu ([https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.486086/2015.486086.Nirnaya-Sindhu#page/n253/mode/2up Paricheda 3 Purvabhaga])</ref><blockquote>सदा जलं पवित्रं स्यादपवित्रमसंस्कृतम् । कुशाग्रेणापि राजेन्द्र स्प्रष्टग्यमसंस्कृतम् ॥</blockquote><blockquote>वापीकूपतडागदौ यज्जलं स्यादसंस्कृतम् । अपेयं तद्भवेत्सर्वे पीत्वा चान्द्रायणं चरेत् ॥</blockquote>Water has to be consecrated to purify or make it holy, as waters in the wells, tanks and reservoirs are not sacred.
=== उत्सर्गविधिः ॥ Procedure of Utsarga ===
From very ancient times the procedure of dedicating a well or tank to the public has been settled. Among the earliest is the Shankhyayana Grhyasutras (5.2) outlines the following steps briefly given below <ref name=":0" /><ref>Shankhyayana Grhyasutras ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D Adhyaya 5])</ref>
# अथ पुष्करिणीकूपतडागानां १ Now about the consecration of ponds, wells and tanks.
# शुद्धपक्षे पुण्ये वा तिथौ २ । In the bright fortnight or on an auspicious tithi (lunar day)
# पयसा यवमयं चरुं श्रपयित्वा ३ । having cooked चरुं (boiled food) with yava (barley) in milk
# त्वं नो अग्न इति द्वाभ्यामव ते हेळ इमं मे वरुणोदुत्तमं वरुणेमां धियं शिक्षमाणस्य ४। he (the donor) should sacrifice to the devatas with the mantras 'त्वं नो अग्न । tvam no agne' (Rig. Veda. 4.1.4 and 5), 'अव ते हेळ। ava te hela' (Rig. Veda. 1.24.14), 'इमं मे वरुण । imam me varuna' (Rig. Veda. 1.25.19), उदुत्तमं वरुण । uduttamam varuna' (Rig. Veda. 1.24.15), 'इमां धियं । imam dhiyam' (Rig. Veda. 8.42.3)
# गृह्योऽपगृह्यो मयोभूराखरो निखरो निःसरो निकामः सपत्नदूषण इति वारुण्या दिक्प्रभृति प्रदक्षिणं जुहुयान् ५। (he should) using the words 'the domestic one, one who goes away from the house, the refreshing one, etc circumambulate to the different directions beginning with the west from left to right.
# मध्ये पयसा जुहोति विश्वतश्चक्षुरिदं विष्णुरिति ६ । in the centre he makes ahuti with milk uttering the mantras 'विश्वतश्चक्षुः । visvatas chakshu (Rig. Veda. 10.81.3) and 'इदं विष्णु । idam Vishnu (Rig. Veda. 1.22.17)
# यत्किं चेदमिति मज्जयित्वा ७ । and he dives into the water uttering the mantra 'यत्किंचेदं वरुण । yat kim chedam varuna (Rig. Veda. 7.89.5). Even in the mantra 'यासां राजा वरुणो याति मध्ये । yasam raja varuno yati madhye' of Rig Veda (7.49.3) Varuna is described as the lord of waters and there it is appropriate that in dedicating wells and tanks to the public Varuna should be invoked in several mantras.
# धेनुर्दक्षिणा वस्त्रयुग्मं चातो ब्राह्मणभोजनम् ९ । A cow and a pair of clothes are the fee for this activity followed by the feeding of brahmanas.
== References ==
== References ==