Changes

# ''Prāṇāyāma'' is the ritual purification of internals via breathing exercises

# ''Prāṇāyāma'' is the ritual purification of internals via breathing exercises

# ''Mārjana'' is a ritual self-purification

# ''Mārjana'' is a ritual self-purification

# ''Mantra Prokshanam'' is a prayer for atonement of sins

# ''Mantra Prokshanam'' is a prayer for atonement of papas (पापम्)

# ''Aghamarshana'' (performed by some schools, especially [[Rigveda|Rig Vedins]]) is a prayer for forgiveness of sins

# ''Aghamarshana'' (performed by some schools, especially [[Rigveda|Rig Vedins]]) is a prayer for forgiveness of papas

# ''Gāyatri japa'' is meditation

# ''Gāyatri japa'' is meditation

# ''Upastānam'' is a prayer to the Hindu deities [[Mitra]] (performed during the morning prayer) and [[Varuna]] (performed during the evening prayer)

# ''Upastānam'' is a prayer to the Hindu deities [[Mitra]] (performed during the morning prayer) and [[Varuna]] (performed during the evening prayer)

* Mārjanam: Sprinkling himself with water while reciting certain Mantras.

* Mārjanam: Sprinkling himself with water while reciting certain Mantras.

* Aghamarṣaṇam: Literally it means killing the sin. It is just like Mārjanam.

* Aghamarṣaṇam: Literally it means killing the papa. It is just like Mārjanam.

* Arghyapradānam: Offering water purified with Gāyatrīmantra to Sun. Taittirīyāraṇyakam (2.2) says that some demons called Mandehas regularly try to hurt Āditya (Sun) and the Arghyam offered by Dvijas (Brahmavādins) would chase them down to an island called Mandehāraṇa. Arghyapradānam should be performed even during Aśaucam (impurity) due to birth of a child and by those, who for some reason or the other, cannot perform the complete Sandhyāvandanam.

* Arghyapradānam: Offering water purified with Gāyatrīmantra to Sun. Taittirīyāraṇyakam (2.2) says that some demons called Mandehas regularly try to hurt Āditya (Sun) and the Arghyam offered by Dvijas (Brahmavādins) would chase them down to an island called Mandehāraṇa. Arghyapradānam should be performed even during Aśaucam (impurity) due to birth of a child and by those, who for some reason or the other, cannot perform the complete Sandhyāvandanam.

* Samarpanam

* Samarpanam

In addition to the mantra, the ritual of Sandhya includes other rites that are purifying and preparatory (Sanskrit: Shuddhi mantras), serving to prevent distracting thoughts and bring focus to the mind. Some of these are propitiatory libations of water to the Gods of the planets and of the months of the Hindu calendar, atoning for Sandhyavandanams not performed and atoning for sins committed since the last hour of Sandhya. In addition, one of the most important rituals of Sandhyavandanam involves worshiping the Sun as Mitra in the morning and worshiping Varuna, in the evening.

In addition to the mantra, the ritual of Sandhya includes other rites that are purifying and preparatory (Sanskrit: Shuddhi mantras), serving to prevent distracting thoughts and bring focus to the mind. Some of these are propitiatory libations of water to the Gods of the planets and of the months of the Hindu calendar, atoning for Sandhyavandanams not performed and atoning for papas committed since the last hour of Sandhya. In addition, one of the most important rituals of Sandhyavandanam involves worshiping the Sun as Mitra in the morning and worshiping Varuna, in the evening.

Each [[Shakha]] of the holy [[Veda]] has its own unique way of sandhyavandanam. Shatatapa Smriti says a Dwija who doesn't do sandhyavandanam at least once will be a dog in the next birth. During Ashoucham (during death of any relative or birth of a child) sandhyavandanam is done without water and Darbham (Kusha grass). On Trayodashi, during sayam sandhya minimum gayatri japam and silence is prescribed by some vedik scholars. There are few additional mantras in Navagraha Kesavathi Tarpana for Bodhayana Sutra. They include Yama mantras, in addition to Navagraha Kesavathi mantras.

Each [[Shakha]] of the holy [[Veda]] has its own unique way of sandhyavandanam. Shatatapa Smriti says a Dwija who doesn't do sandhyavandanam at least once will be a dog in the next birth. During Ashoucham (during death of any relative or birth of a child) sandhyavandanam is done without water and Darbham (Kusha grass). On Trayodashi, during sayam sandhya minimum gayatri japam and silence is prescribed by some vedik scholars. There are few additional mantras in Navagraha Kesavathi Tarpana for Bodhayana Sutra. They include Yama mantras, in addition to Navagraha Kesavathi mantras.

==Daily duties of Brahmins==

==Daily duties of Brahmins==

Doing Sandhya vandhana first creates the eligibility for a brahmin to do all rituals following it. Rituals done without doing sandhyavandhanam are regarded as fruitless by [[Smritis|Dharmaśāstra]]. Thus, sandhyavandhana forms the basis or regarded as the foundation for all other vedic rituals. After doing Sandhyavandhana dhyannika Sandhya to get rid off sins occurred due preparation of lunch like boiling rice,cutting vegetables, burning firewood etc. In Vaishvadeva homa rice cakes are offered to vishvadevas (all devatas).

Doing Sandhya vandhana first creates the eligibility for a brahmin to do all rituals following it. Rituals done without doing sandhyavandhanam are regarded as fruitless by [[Smritis|Dharmaśāstra]]. Thus, sandhyavandhana forms the basis or regarded as the foundation for all other vedic rituals. After doing Sandhyavandhana dhyannika Sandhya to get rid of papas occurred due preparation of lunch like boiling rice,cutting vegetables, burning firewood etc. In Vaishvadeva homa rice cakes are offered to vishvadevas (all devatas).

[[Category:Nityakarma]]

[[Category:Nityakarma]]

[[Category:Samskaras]]

[[Category:Samskaras]]