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=== प्रज्ञापराधस्य उदाहरणानि॥ Examples of Prajnaparadha  ===

=== प्रज्ञापराधस्य उदाहरणानि॥ Examples of Prajnaparadha  ===

The unwholesome actions performed due to intellectual error includes following (Cha. Sha 1/103-108)  

The unwholesome actions performed due to intellectual error includes following (Cha. Sha 1/103-108)  

* वेगोदीरण । Vegodeeran Forcible propulsion of natural urges  

* वेगोदीरण । Vegodeeran (Forcible propulsion of natural urges)

* वेगवरोधः । Vegavarodha Suppression of strong, forceful natural urges  

* वेगावरोधः । Vegavarodha (Suppression of strong, forceful natural urges)

* साहस सेवन । Sahasa Sevana Over indulgence in exertion  

* साहस सेवन । Sahasa Sevana (Over indulgence in exertion)

* नारीणाम् अतिसेवनम् । Nareenam Atisevanam  Over indulgence in carnal pleasures   

* नारीणाम् अतिसेवनम् । Nareenam Atisevanam  (Over indulgence in carnal pleasures)  

* कर्मकालातिपातश्च। KArmakalatipaatascha – Excessive or delayed actions   

* कर्मकालातिपातश्च। KArmakalatipaatascha – (Excessive or delayed actions)  

* मिथ्यारंभश्च कर्मणाम् । Mithyarambhascha Karmanam – Procrastination or wrong initiation of a task  

* मिथ्यारंभश्च कर्मणाम् । Mithyarambhascha Karmanam – (Procrastination or wrong initiation of a task)

* विनयलोपः । Vinaya lopa – Disappearance of Modesty   

* विनयलोपः । Vinaya lopa – (Disappearance of Modesty)  

* आचारलोपः । Achaara lopa- Bad conduct or misbehaviour  

* आचारलोपः । Achaara lopa- (Bad conduct or misbehaviour)

* पूज्याणाम् अभिधर्षणम् । Poojyanam Abhidharshana- Rebuking the respected and venerable men  

* पूज्याणाम् अभिधर्षणम् । Poojyanam Abhidharshana- (Rebuking the respected and venerable men)

* Willfully doing unrighteous actions and involving in activities that are known to affect body and mind adversely   

* Willfully doing unrighteous actions and involving in activities that are known to affect body and mind adversely   

* अकालदेशसंचारः । Akaladesha sanchara- Roaming about to an inappropriate place at a wrong time   

* अकालदेशसंचारः । Akaladesha sanchara- (Roaming about to an inappropriate place at a wrong time)  

* Friendship with wicked persons  

* Friendship with wicked persons  

* Violating the rules of noble conduct mentioned in सद्वृत्तम्। [[Sadvrutta (सद्वृत्तम्)|Sadvrutta]]   

* Violating the rules of noble conduct mentioned in सद्वृत्तम्। [[Sadvrutta (सद्वृत्तम्)|Sadvrutta]]   

=== प्रज्ञापराधस्य परिणामः॥ Effect of Prajnaparadha ===

=== प्रज्ञापराधस्य परिणामः॥ Effect of Prajnaparadha ===

The actions stimulated by pradnyaparadha disturb the balance if त्रिदोषाः। tridosa system in the body and vitiate मानस दोषाः। manasa doshas namely रजः। Rajas and तमः। Tamas creating a background and favorable conditions for development of disease.  

The actions stimulated by pradnyaparadha disturb the balance of त्रिदोषाः। tridosa system in the body as well as vitiate मानस दोषाः। manasa doshas namely रजः। Rajas and तमः। Tamas creating favorable conditions for development of disease.  

There are ample improper actions stimulated by Prajnaparadha which are root causes of various diseases, e.g., habit of suppression of any natural urge is a result of Prajnaparadha and enlisted as a cause of nearly all the diseases by Acharya Vagbhata. '''(Ashtang Hruday sootra 4/ )'''

There are ample improper actions stimulated by Prajnaparadha which are root causes of various diseases, e.g., habit of suppression of any natural urge is a result of Prajnaparadha and multiple other diseases where inappropriate actions taken by individual lead to disease development. Thus avoiding Prajnaparadha is considered one of the key component in preventive healthcare in Ayurveda. <ref>Ashtanga Hrudayam ([https://archive.org/details/Ashtanga.Hridaya.of.Vagbhata/page/n235 Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 4 Sutram 32])</ref>

== प्रज्ञापराधः अधर्मः च॥ Prajnaparadha and Adharma ==

== प्रज्ञापराधः अधर्मः च॥ Prajnaparadha and Adharma ==

According to Acharya Charaka, all illnesses can be attributed either to निज हेतवः। Nija Hetus (endogenous factors) like an imbalance of the three dosha or आगन्तु हेतवः । Aagantu hetu (exogenous factors). On the basis of this criteria, Acharya Charaka has classified diseases in 2 categories viz.   

According to Acharya Charaka, all illnesses can be attributed either to निज हेतवः। Nija Hetus (endogenous factors) like an imbalance of the three dosha or आगन्तु हेतवः । Aagantu hetu (exogenous factors). On the basis of this criteria, Acharya Charaka has classified diseases in 2 categories viz.   

# निजाः। Nija  

# Nija (निजाः। internal causes)  

# आगन्तवः। Agantu.  

# Agantu (आगन्तवः। external causes)  

The later group includes epidemics and catastrophes known as जनपदोध्वंसः ।  ‘Janapadodhvansa’.  

The later group includes epidemics and catastrophes known as जनपदोध्वंसः ।  ‘Janapadodhvansa’.  

Acharya Charaka has attributed epidemics and catastrophe to the immorality and अधर्मः । adharma (unrighteous acts) of corrupt leaders (Kings in ancient time), the effects of which spiral down the social order and spread to every level of society. He also refers to असत्कर्मः। bad karma (asat-karman) of past life as another cause of जनपदोध्वंसः ।  Janapadodhvansa. '''(Cha. Viman 4/20)'''

Acharya Charaka has attributed occurrence of epidemics and catastrophe to the immorality and adharma (अधर्मः । unrighteous acts) of corrupt leaders (Kings in ancient time), the effects of which spiral down to the social order and spread to every level of society. He also refers to asat-karma (असत्कर्मः। bad karma) of past life as another cause of जनपदोध्वंसः ।  Janapadodhvansa. <ref name=":3">Charaka Samhita ([http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/mediawiki-1.28.2/index.php?title=Janapadodhvansaniya_Vimana#Causes_for_the_vitiation_of_janapadodhwansa_factors Vimanasthanam Adhyaya 4 Sutram 20])</ref> 

The root cause of both, अधर्मः। Adharma and असत्कर्मः। Asatkarma, lies in prajnaparadha '''(Car 3.3.19).'''  

'''The root cause of both, अधर्मः। Adharma and असत्कर्मः। Asatkarma, lies in prajnaparadha.<ref name=":3" />'''  

Both Adharma (Unrighteous acts) and Asat Karma (Evil or wicked actions) involve various activities of an individual or a group of individuals that are annoying and hurting to others. As this chain of Adharma and Asat karma continues, unrighteousness takes hand over the righteousness. Nature and environment get affected and this results in derangement of natural elements, occurrence of calamities and catastrophes, Wars etc which takes a toll on lives of many at a time. Ayurveda infers that the life span of individuals depends on दैवः । Daiva as well as पुरुषकारः ।  Purushakara. Here Daiva is the term used to denote the effects of deeds of past life and Puruushakara indicates the effects of Karmas of present life. '''(Cha. Viman 4/ 30)'''. Therefore, the death of innocent people in involved in pious righteous acts in present life prematurely in such catastrophes or calamities is attributed to their strong Daiva (Effect of karma of past life).  

Both Adharma (Unrighteous acts) and Asat Karma (Evil or wicked actions) involve various activities of an individual or a group of individuals that are annoying and hurting to others. As this chain of Adharma and Asat karma continues, unrighteousness takes hand over the righteousness. Nature and environment get affected and this results in derangement of natural elements, occurrence of calamities, catastrophes, wars etc which take a toll on lives of many at a time. Ayurveda infers that the life span of individuals depends on Daiva (दैवः। Effect of karma of past life) as well as Purushakara (पुरुषकारः। manly deeds performed in this life) . Here Daiva is the term used to denote the effects of deeds of past life and Purushakara indicates the effects of Karmas of present life. Acharya Charaka says, <blockquote>दैवमात्मकृतं विद्यात् कर्म यत् पौर्वदैहिकम्| स्मृतः पुरुषकारस्तु क्रियते यदिहापरम्|| (Char. Samh. 4.30)<ref>Charaka Samhita ([http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/mediawiki-1.28.2/index.php?title=Janapadodhvansaniya_Vimana#Factors_determining_the_life_span Vimanasthanam Adhyaya 4 Sutram 30])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>daivamātmakr̥taṁ vidyāt karma yat paurvadaihikam| smr̥taḥ puruṣakārastu kriyate yadihāparam||</blockquote>Therefore, the death of innocent people in involved in pious righteous acts in present life prematurely in such catastrophes or calamities is attributed to their strong Daiva ((दैवः। Effect of karma of past life).

== स्वस्थवृत्ते प्रज्ञापराधः॥ Prajnaparadha in Preventive medicine ==

== स्वस्थवृत्ते प्रज्ञापराधः॥ Prajnaparadha in Preventive medicine ==

परिणामः । Parinama (Kaala) is a निष्प्रत्यनीक हेतुः । Nishpratikriya Hetu (Beyond the capability of our control) i.e it is not in our hands but remaining 2 Hetu (Asatmendriyartha Samyoga & Pradnyaparadha), can be avoided by सद्वृत्ताचरणम्।  [[Sadvrutta (सद्वृत्तम्)|Sadvrutt]]<nowiki/>acharana (Following the code of good conduct expounded by Ayurveda), so diseases could be avoided.

Parinama (परिणामः।) Or [[Kala (कालः)|Kala]] is a Nishpratikriya Hetu (निष्प्रत्यनीक हेतुः। Factor beyond the capacity of our control) i.e it is not in our hands but remaining 2 Hetu (असात्म्येन्द्रियार्थसंयोगः। Asatmendriyartha Samyoga & प्रज्ञापराधः। Pradnyaparadha), can be avoided by [[Sadvrutta (सद्वृत्तम्)|Sadvrutt]]<nowiki/>acharana (सद्वृत्ताचरणम्। Following the code of good conduct expounded by Ayurveda), so diseases could be avoided.

Prajnaparadha holds greater relevance in contemporary times. Committing errors willfully, neglecting the potential dangers and indulging in sensual pleasures excessively is nothing but an intellectual blasphemy. Various addictions like smoking, alcoholism, misconducts like abusing elders and noble people and physical inactivity with faulty food habits are rooted in Prajnaparadha. Thus, considering this factor as a cause of lifestyle diseases holds tremendous significance as a basis for preventive medicine and signifies the importance of mindful approach while making the choices that not only affect an individual but also those around the individual.

 

 

Prajnaparadha (प्रज्ञापराधः।) holds greater relevance in contemporary times. Committing errors willfully, neglecting the potential dangers and indulging in sensual pleasures excessively is nothing but an intellectual blasphemy. Various addictions like smoking, alcoholism, misconducts like abusing elders and noble people and physical inactivity with faulty food habits are rooted in Prajnaparadha. Thus, considering this factor as a cause of lifestyle diseases holds tremendous significance as a basis for preventive medicine. Moreover it also signifies the importance of having mindful approach while making the choices which are going to affect not just an individual but also those around the individual in community.

== References ==

== References ==

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[[Category:Ayurveda]]

[[Category:Ayurveda]]