Changes

Understanding vedic literature itself developed into many branches covering different aspects of the subject. While some have developed independently (such as Jyotisha - to explain muhurtas in vedic rituals), others summarize (such as Kalpa which is a manual of material from different vedas) and a few others are simplified (like the Puranas in story format) for easy understanding (including the Mahabharata). Vaidika Vangmayam include various texts collectively making up a huge volume of literature.

Understanding vedic literature itself developed into many branches covering different aspects of the subject. While some have developed independently (such as Jyotisha - to explain muhurtas in vedic rituals), others summarize (such as Kalpa which is a manual of material from different vedas) and a few others are simplified (like the Puranas in story format) for easy understanding (including the Mahabharata). Vaidika Vangmayam include various texts collectively making up a huge volume of literature.

# वेदाङ्गानि || Vedangas

# वेदाङ्गम् || Vedaangas (6)

# वेद-उपाङ्गानि || Veda-Upangas

# वेदउपङ्गम् || Veda-Upangas (4)

# उपवेदाः || Upavedas

# उपवेदः || Upa-Vedas (4)

# पुराणानि || Puranas

# पुराणम् || Puranas (18)

# उपपुराणानि || Upa-Puranas

# उपपुराणम् || Upa-Puranas (18)

# पञ्चमवेदः || Panchamaveda

# परिशिष्टम् || Parishistam

# दर्शनानि || Darshanas (6)

# परिशिष्टम् || Parishistas

== वेदाङ्गानि || Vedangas  ==

== वेदाङ्गानि || Vedangas  ==

The word अङ्ग ॥ Anga is used in the sense of उपकारक ॥ Upakaraka (useful tool), and with reference to understanding vedajnana or the knowledge of vedas, these six shastras are extremely useful, hence they are called Vedangas.<blockquote>शिक्षा कल्पो व्याकरणं निरुक्तं छन्दसां चयः ।</blockquote><blockquote>ज्योतिषामयनं चैव वेदाङ्गानि षडेव तु ॥</blockquote>According to the above shloka, Vedangas are six in number namely Shiksha, Kalpa, Vyakarana, Nirukta, Chandas, Jyotish.<ref>http://vedicheritage.gov.in/vedangas/ Introduction</ref>

The word अङ्ग ॥ Anga is used in the sense of उपकारक ॥ Upakaraka (useful tool), and with reference to understanding vedajnana or the knowledge of vedas, these six shastras are extremely useful, hence they are called Vedangas.<blockquote>शिक्षा कल्पो व्याकरणं निरुक्तं छन्दसां चयः । ज्योतिषामयनं चैव वेदाङ्गानि षडेव तु ॥</blockquote>According to the above shloka, Vedangas are six in number namely Shiksha, Kalpa, Vyakarana, Nirukta, Chandas, Jyotish.<ref>http://vedicheritage.gov.in/vedangas/ Introduction</ref>

{| class="wikitable"

{| class="wikitable"

! Title

! Title

|<nowiki>6.कल्पः || Kalpa</nowiki>

|<nowiki>6.कल्पः || Kalpa</nowiki>

| Science or manual of sacrificial rituals, both Vedic and domestic.

| Science or manual of sacrificial rituals, both Vedic and domestic.

|}

|}<blockquote>छन्दः पादौ तु वेदस्य हस्तौ कल्पोऽथ उच्यते । ज्योतिषामयनं चक्षुर्निरुक्तं श्रोत्रमुच्यते ॥</blockquote><blockquote>शिक्षा घ्राणं तु वेदस्य मुखं व्याकरणं स्मृतम् । तस्मात् साङ्गमधीत्यैव ब्रह्मलोके महीयते ॥ </blockquote>In पाणिनीयशिक्षा, these six vedangas are described in the above shloka which means - "Chandas forms the feet of the Vedapurusha, while Kalpas are the hands, Jyotish is the eye, Nirukta forms the ears, Shiksha is the nose, while the face (speech) is formed by Vyakarana. Only by studying vedas (Vedapurusha) along with vedangas (different parts) will one attain the brahmaloka".<ref>Dr. S. Yegnasubramanian, The Vedangas (Organs of the Vedas).http://svbf.org/journal/vol1no3/vedas.pdf </ref>

<blockquote>छन्दः पादौ तु वेदस्य हस्तौ कल्पोऽथ उच्यते ।</blockquote><blockquote>ज्योतिषामयनं चक्षुर्निरुक्तं श्रोत्रमुच्यते ॥</blockquote><blockquote>शिक्षा घ्राणं तु वेदस्य मुखं व्याकरणं स्मृतम् । </blockquote><blockquote>तस्मात् साङ्गमधीत्यैव ब्रह्मलोके महीयते ॥</blockquote>In पाणिनीयशिक्षा, these six vedangas are described in the above shloka which means - "Chandas forms the feet of the Vedapurusha, while Kalpas are the hands, Jyotish is the eye, Nirukta forms the ears, Shiksha is the nose, while the face (speech) is formed by Vyakarana. Only by studying vedas (Vedapurusha) along with vedangas (different parts) will one attain the brahmaloka".<ref>Dr. S. Yegnasubramanian, The Vedangas (Organs of the Vedas).http://svbf.org/journal/vol1no3/vedas.pdf </ref>

 

== वेद-उपाङ्गानि || Veda-Upangas  ==

== वेद-उपाङ्गानि || Veda-Upangas  ==

== उपवेदाः || Upavedas ==

 

== उपवेदाः || Upavedas  ==

They are called the subsidiary Vedas. They are four in number one attached to each Veda^[3] viz.

They are called the subsidiary Vedas. They are four in number one attached to each Veda^[3] viz.

{| class="wikitable"

{| class="wikitable"

| Science of archery and warfare

| Science of archery and warfare

| Yajurveda.

| Yajurveda.

|}

|}Vedas are thus a storehouse of knowledge needed for mankind, not merely spiritual but also secular or temporal. They are not compositions made in any one particular period. They are spread over a period of time; one group separated from the other probably by centuries and handed down from one generation to the other through word of mouth.

Vedas are thus a storehouse of knowledge needed for mankind, not merely spiritual but also secular or temporal. They are not compositions made in any one particular period. They are spread over a period of time; one group separated from the other probably by centuries and handed down from one generation to the other through word of mouth.

Vedangas developed as ancillary studies for the Vedas, but its insights into meters, structure of sound and language, grammar, linguistic analysis and other subjects influenced post-Vedic studies, arts, culture and various schools of Hindu philosophy. The Kalpa Vedanga studies, for example, gave rise to the Dharma-sutras, which later expanded into Dharma-shastras.

Vedangas developed as ancillary studies for the Vedas, but its insights into meters, structure of sound and language, grammar, linguistic analysis and other subjects influenced post-Vedic studies, arts, culture and various schools of Hindu philosophy. The Kalpa Vedanga studies, for example, gave rise to the Dharma-sutras, which later expanded into Dharma-shastras.

== पुराणानि उपपुराणानि च ॥ Puranas and Upapuranas  ==

== पुराणानि उपपुराणानि च ॥ Puranas and Upapuranas  ==

The Puranas is a vast genre of encyclopedic Indian texts about a wide range of topics particularly legends and traditional lore. Several of these texts are named after major devatas such as Vishnu, Shiva and Devi. There are 18 Maha Puranas (Great Puranas) and 18 Upa Puranas (Minor Puranas), containing over 400,000 verses.^[4]

The Puranas is a vast genre of encyclopedic Indian texts about a wide range of topics particularly legends and traditional lore. Several of these texts are named after major devatas such as Vishnu, Shiva and Devi. There are 18 Maha Puranas (Great Puranas) and 18 Upa Puranas (Minor Puranas), containing over 400,000 verses.^[4]

|<nowiki>गरुड पुराणम् || Garuda puranam</nowiki>

|<nowiki>गरुड पुराणम् || Garuda puranam</nowiki>

|<nowiki>स्कन्द पुराणम् || Skaanda puranam</nowiki>

|<nowiki>स्कन्द पुराणम् || Skaanda puranam</nowiki>

|}

|}कूर्म पुराणम् || Koorma puranam is also listed according to another classification.

कूर्म पुराणम् || Koorma puranam is also listed according to another classification.

The following are the 18 Upa Puranas

The following are the 18 Upa Puranas

|Paraashara

|Paraashara

|Bhaargava

|Bhaargava

|}

|}The Puranas have been influential in the development of Bharateeya samskriti. They are considered Vaidika (congruent with Vedic literature) or pertaining to vedas.

The Puranas have been influential in the development of Bharateeya samskriti. They are considered Vaidika (congruent with Vedic literature) or pertaining to vedas.

The Bhagavata Purana has been among the most celebrated, popularly studied and the principles practiced with reverence presently by people all over the world. The Puranic literature has become more popular with the Bhakti movement in India. Both Dvaita and Advaita scholars have given bhasyas or commentaries on the various vedantic philosophies of the Maha Puranas.

The Bhagavata Purana has been among the most celebrated, popularly studied and the principles practiced with reverence presently by people all over the world. The Puranic literature has become more popular with the Bhakti movement in India. Both Dvaita and Advaita scholars have given bhasyas or commentaries on the various vedantic philosophies of the Maha Puranas.

== परिशिष्टम् || Parishistam  ==

== परिशिष्टम् || Parishistam  ==

Pariśiṣṭa "supplement, appendix" is the term applied to various ancillary works of Vedic literature, dealing mainly with details of ritual and elaborations of the texts logically and chronologically prior to them are the Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Sutras. Naturally classified with the Veda to which each pertains, Parisista works exist for each of the four Vedas. However, only the literature associated with the Atharvaveda is extensive.

Pariśiṣṭa "supplement, appendix" is the term applied to various ancillary works of Vedic literature, dealing mainly with details of ritual.  They are elaborations of the texts logically and chronologically prior to them namely Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Sutras. Naturally classified with the Veda to which each pertains, Parisista works exist for each of the four Vedas. However, only the literature associated with the Atharvaveda is extensive.

The Āśvalāyana Gṛhya Pariśiṣṭa is associated with the Rigveda.

The Āśvalāyana Gṛhya Pariśiṣṭa is associated with the Rigveda.

The Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda has 3 parisistas The Āpastamba Hautra Pariśiṣṭa, which is also found as the second praśna of the Satyasāḍha Śrauta Sūtra', and the Vārāha Śrauta Sūtra Pariśiṣṭa

The Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda has 3 parisistas The Āpastamba Hautra Pariśiṣṭa, which is also found as the second praśna of the Satyasāḍha Śrauta Sūtra', and the Vārāha Śrauta Sūtra Pariśiṣṭa

== पञ्चमवेदः || Panchamaveda  ==

 

 

== पञ्चमवेदः || Panchamaveda  ==

भारतः पञ्चमो वेदः || Bharatah Panchamavedaha - As given in Mahabharata expounds that Mahabharatam which covers numerous topics related to human relationships is considered as the "Fifth Veda".

भारतः पञ्चमो वेदः || Bharatah Panchamavedaha - As given in Mahabharata expounds that Mahabharatam which covers numerous topics related to human relationships is considered as the "Fifth Veda".

Apart from Shrimad Mahabharatam and Puranas, later texts such as Bharata's Natyashastram also called as Panchamavedam by a few scholars.

Apart from Shrimad Mahabharatam and Puranas, later texts such as Bharata's Natyashastram also called as Panchamavedam by a few scholars.

== References ==

== References ==

# Jump up↑ Vedangas Introduction

# Jump up↑ Vedangas Introduction