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→वार्तिकम् ।। Vaartika: added content and references
=== वृत्तिः ।। Vrtti or Vyakhyana ===
=== वृत्तिः ।। Vrtti or Vyakhyana ===
<blockquote>सूत्रार्थप्रधानो ग्रन्थो वृत्तिः । (Padamanjari)</blockquote>The exposition which chiefly contains the meaning of the Sutras is designated as Vrtti, as is remarked above by Haradatta. Vrttis appear to be the earliest attempts to show the sense of sutras. A Sutra does not necessarily contain all words which are needed to explain the complete function of a Sutra and as such there is necessity of the Vrttis for the completion of Sutrartha (सूत्रार्थ) or import of a sutra. In the Kalaapa Vyakarana, a Vrtti is defined as सूत्रार्थे विवरणं वृत्तिः। Similarly Kavyamimamsa by Rajasekhara also defines Vrtti as सूत्राणां सकलसारविवरणं वृत्तिः। which simply put mean that Vrtti is the complete explanation of the meaning of Sutras.
<blockquote>सूत्रार्थप्रधानो ग्रन्थो वृत्तिः । (Padamanjari)</blockquote>The exposition which chiefly contains the meaning of the Sutras is designated as Vrtti, as is remarked above by Haradatta Mishra. Vrttis appear to be the earliest attempts to show the sense of sutras. A Sutra does not necessarily contain all words which are needed to explain the complete function of a Sutra and as such there is necessity of the Vrttis for the completion of Sutrartha (सूत्रार्थ) or import of a sutra. In the Kalaapa Vyakarana, a Vrtti is defined as सूत्रार्थे विवरणं वृत्तिः। Similarly Kavyamimamsa by Rajasekhara also defines Vrtti as सूत्राणां सकलसारविवरणं वृत्तिः।<ref name=":1">Kavyamimamsa ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE#%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A5%A8 Adhyaya 2])</ref> which simply put mean that Vrtti is the comprehensive explanation of the meaning of Sutras.
Vyakhyana lakshana given in the previous section, as defined by Patanjali in his Mahabhashya is identical to Vrtti for the function of a Vrtti is nothing but to disclose the Sutrartha (सूत्रार्थ) through the use of examples, counter examples.<ref name=":0" />
Vyakhyana lakshana given in the previous section, as defined by Patanjali in his Mahabhashya is identical to Vrtti for the function of a Vrtti is nothing but to disclose the Sutrartha (सूत्रार्थ) through the use of examples, counter examples.<ref name=":0" />
=== वार्तिकम् ।। Vaartika ===
=== वार्तिकम् ।। Vaartika ===
<blockquote>उक्तानुक्तदुरुक्तादिचिन्ता यत्र प्रवर्तते तं ग्रन्थं वार्तिकं प्राहुः वार्तिकज्ञा विपश्चितः। (Sambandha Vartika)</blockquote>Suresvara defined the second type of Vyakhya is वार्तिकम् Vartika as above and it is supported by Rajasekhara also in his Kavyamimamsa<blockquote>उक्तानुक्तदुरुक्तचिन्ताकारि वार्त्तिकमिति (Kavy. Mima. 2)<ref name=":1" /></blockquote>According to Suresvaracharya, Vaartika is that exposition in which the Vartikakara discusses refutation (arguments) of what has been established by the Sutrakara termed as Uktachinta (उक्तचिन्ता) along with statements that are not expressly said in the original work termed as Anuktachinta (अनुक्तचिन्ता).
Vishnudharmottara Purana, along with a discussion about [[Tantrayukti (तन्त्रयुक्तिः)|Tantrayukti]] (the language tools used for writing treatises of shastras) mentions about the topics to be discussed by a Vartikakara -<blockquote>प्रयोजनं संशयनिर्णयौ च व्याख्याविशेषो गुणलाघवश्च ।। कृतव्युदासोऽकृतशासनं च सा वर्तिको धर्मगुणोऽष्टकश्च ।। (Vish. Dhar. Pura. 3.6)<ref>Vishnudharmottara Purana (Khanda 3 [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5% Adhyayas 6-10])</ref></blockquote>A vartika should contain the following qualities
# प्रयोजनं - the use of a Shastra (ex. as is found in vartikas of Katyayana on Ashthadhyayi of Panini)
# संशय-निर्णयौ - raising of a doubt and its refutation (ex. Vartikas on Panini system of vyakarana are composed to criticize the view and the Sutras of Panini)
# व्याख्याविशेषो - to establish the view of a the Sutra by discovering a hidden sense of any Sutra.
# गुणलाघवः - a discussion on the verbal brevity of the sutras (an explanation is required for a deeper understanding).
# कृतव्युदासः - refutation of what has been established by the Sutrakara (Uktachinta according to Suresvaracharya)
# अकृतशासनं - mention of a new statement which is not expressly said in the original work (Anuktachinta according to Suresvaracharya)
Kaiyyata defined what is beyond the scope of a Vartikakara in his commentary on Mahabhashya<blockquote>वार्तिककारेण नैतदन्वाख्येयं सर्वाधिकाराणाम् अन्वाख्यानप्रसङ्गात् । (Pradipa 7.4.21) </blockquote>It is clear from the above statement that discussion on Adhikara is not to be done by a Vartikakara. It appears that Vartikas are composed after the Vrttis for unless the Sutratha is completely shown by the Vrttikara there can be no criticism of the Sutras.<ref name=":0" />
== References ==
== References ==
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