Changes

Jump to navigation Jump to search
no edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:  
Vaidika Vangmayam (Samskrit : वैदिकवाङ्मयम्) means Vedic literature. Vedic literature includes extensive volumes of texts which have developed as the ancillary and subsidiary texts associated with the Vedas. To clarify the Vedas and in understanding them, over a period of time, different explanatory shastras evolved to explain the subtle concepts presented in Vedas and they are included in such literature.<ref name=":4">Gopal Reddy, Mudiganti and Sujata Reddy, Mudiganti (1997) ''[https://archive.org/stream/SAMSKRUTAKAVIJEEVITAMULUByMALLADISURYANARAYANASASTRIGARU/SAMSKRUTA%20SAHITYA%20CHARITRA%20BY%20MUDUGANTI%20GOPALA%20REDDI%26SUJATA%20REDDI%20#page/n33/mode/2up Sanskrita Saahitya Charitra] (Vaidika Vangmayam - Loukika Vangamayam, A critical approach)'' Hyderabad : P. S. Telugu University</ref>
 
Vaidika Vangmayam (Samskrit : वैदिकवाङ्मयम्) means Vedic literature. Vedic literature includes extensive volumes of texts which have developed as the ancillary and subsidiary texts associated with the Vedas. To clarify the Vedas and in understanding them, over a period of time, different explanatory shastras evolved to explain the subtle concepts presented in Vedas and they are included in such literature.<ref name=":4">Gopal Reddy, Mudiganti and Sujata Reddy, Mudiganti (1997) ''[https://archive.org/stream/SAMSKRUTAKAVIJEEVITAMULUByMALLADISURYANARAYANASASTRIGARU/SAMSKRUTA%20SAHITYA%20CHARITRA%20BY%20MUDUGANTI%20GOPALA%20REDDI%26SUJATA%20REDDI%20#page/n33/mode/2up Sanskrita Saahitya Charitra] (Vaidika Vangmayam - Loukika Vangamayam, A critical approach)'' Hyderabad : P. S. Telugu University</ref>
   −
Understanding vedic literature itself developed into many branches covering different aspects of the subject. While some have developed independently (such as Jyotisha - to explain muhurtas in vedic rituals), others summarize (such as Kalpa which is a manual of material from different vedas) and a few others are simplified (like the Puranas in story format) for easy understanding (including the Mahabharata). Vaidika Vangmayam includes various texts collectively making up a huge volume of literature.<ref name=":4" />
+
Understanding vedic literature itself developed into many branches covering different aspects of the subject. While some have developed independently (such as Jyotisha - to explain muhurtas in vedic rituals), others summarize (such as Kalpa which is a manual of material from different vedas) and a few others are simplified (like the Puranas in story format) for easy understanding (including the Mahabharata).
 
# वेदाङ्गानि || [[Shad Vedaangas (षड् वेदाङ्ग)|Vedangas]] (6)
 
# वेदाङ्गानि || [[Shad Vedaangas (षड् वेदाङ्ग)|Vedangas]] (6)
 
# वेद-उपाङ्गानि || Veda-Upangas (4)
 
# वेद-उपाङ्गानि || Veda-Upangas (4)
Line 51: Line 51:  
'''Puranas, Mimamsa, Nyaya and Dharma shastras''' are included in Upangas of Vedas<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">Sri Sri Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Swamiji, (1907 to 1994) ''[http://www.kamakoti.org/hindudharma/part5/chap5.htm Hindu Dharma (Collection of Swamiji's Speeches)],'' Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham </ref>.   
 
'''Puranas, Mimamsa, Nyaya and Dharma shastras''' are included in Upangas of Vedas<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">Sri Sri Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Swamiji, (1907 to 1994) ''[http://www.kamakoti.org/hindudharma/part5/chap5.htm Hindu Dharma (Collection of Swamiji's Speeches)],'' Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham </ref>.   
   −
Vedangas developed as ancillary studies for the Vedas, but its insights into meters, structure of sound and language, grammar, linguistic analysis and other subjects influenced post-Vedic studies, arts, culture and various schools of philosophy. According to some scholars,<ref>Introduction about [http://vedicreserve.mum.edu/table_qualities.htm Upangas] (Maharshi Vedic University)</ref> the Shad-darshanas may be classified as Upangas of Vedas. However, traditionally the Chaturdasha vidyas consider the above given shastras as Veda Upangas.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" />
+
Vedangas developed as ancillary studies for the Vedas, but its insights into meters, structure of sound and language, grammar, linguistic analysis and other subjects influenced post-Vedic studies, arts, culture and various schools of philosophy. According to some scholars,<ref>Introduction about [http://vedicreserve.mum.edu/table_qualities.htm Upangas] (Maharshi Vedic University)</ref> the Shad-darshanas may be classified as Upangas of Vedas. However, traditionally the Chaturdasha vidyas consider the above given shastras as Veda Upangas.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" />
 
  −
It is to be noted that Dharma, Nyayashastra and Mimamsa are categorized and studied under the following headings.   
   
* The Kalpa Vedanga studies, for example, expounded the Dharma-sutras (vaidika kriyas), which later expanded into Dharma-shastras (smritis). While Kalpa Dharmasutras generally lay down the code of conduct of a person during procedures related to vaidika yagna kriyas, Dharmasastras (classified under Upangas) lay down the general moral code of conduct applicable for every human being. Dharmashastras are also mentioned as Smritis, for ex: Manu Smriti, on which the present day Bharatiya judicial system is founded on.   
 
* The Kalpa Vedanga studies, for example, expounded the Dharma-sutras (vaidika kriyas), which later expanded into Dharma-shastras (smritis). While Kalpa Dharmasutras generally lay down the code of conduct of a person during procedures related to vaidika yagna kriyas, Dharmasastras (classified under Upangas) lay down the general moral code of conduct applicable for every human being. Dharmashastras are also mentioned as Smritis, for ex: Manu Smriti, on which the present day Bharatiya judicial system is founded on.   
* The Nyaya shastra given by Gautama rishi is also studied as part of the Shad-darshanas. Nyaya shastra is the science of logic, also called as हेतुविद्या ॥ Hetu-vidya.   
+
* The Nyaya shastra given by Gautama rishi Nyaya shastra is the science of logic, also called as हेतुविद्या ॥ Hetu-vidya.   
 
*  Mimamsa is divided into Purvamimamsa and Uttaramimamsa. Purva Mimamsa highlights the discriminating and decision making qualities of the Vedas by analysis. Here, Purva Mimamsa is generally what is considered for the term Mimamsa. Uttara Mimamsa is also called as Vedanta, which is classified under the Jnanakanda.
 
*  Mimamsa is divided into Purvamimamsa and Uttaramimamsa. Purva Mimamsa highlights the discriminating and decision making qualities of the Vedas by analysis. Here, Purva Mimamsa is generally what is considered for the term Mimamsa. Uttara Mimamsa is also called as Vedanta, which is classified under the Jnanakanda.
   Line 141: Line 139:  
The Bhagavata Purana has been among the most celebrated, popularly studied and the principles practiced with reverence presently by people all over the world.{{Citation needed}} The Puranic literature has become more popular with the Bhakti movement in India. Both Dvaita and Advaita scholars have given bhasyas or commentaries on the various vedantic philosophies of the Mahapuranas.{{Citation needed}}
 
The Bhagavata Purana has been among the most celebrated, popularly studied and the principles practiced with reverence presently by people all over the world.{{Citation needed}} The Puranic literature has become more popular with the Bhakti movement in India. Both Dvaita and Advaita scholars have given bhasyas or commentaries on the various vedantic philosophies of the Mahapuranas.{{Citation needed}}
   −
== परिशिष्टम् || Parishishtam  =={{Citation needed}}
+
== परिशिष्टम् || Parishishtam  {{Citation needed}} ==
 
Parishishta (supplement, appendix) is the term applied to various ancillary works of Vedic literature, dealing mainly with details of ritual. They are elaborations of the texts logically and chronologically prior to them namely Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Sutras. Naturally, classified with the Veda to which each pertains, Parishishta works exist for each of the four Vedas. However, only the literature associated with the Atharvaveda is extensive.
 
Parishishta (supplement, appendix) is the term applied to various ancillary works of Vedic literature, dealing mainly with details of ritual. They are elaborations of the texts logically and chronologically prior to them namely Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Sutras. Naturally, classified with the Veda to which each pertains, Parishishta works exist for each of the four Vedas. However, only the literature associated with the Atharvaveda is extensive.
   Line 151: Line 149:     
The Krshna Yajurveda has 3 Parishishtas - The Apastamba Shrauta Parishishta, which is also found as the second prashna of the Satyasadha Shrauta Sutra', and the Varaha Shrauta Sutra Parishishta.
 
The Krshna Yajurveda has 3 Parishishtas - The Apastamba Shrauta Parishishta, which is also found as the second prashna of the Satyasadha Shrauta Sutra', and the Varaha Shrauta Sutra Parishishta.
  −
== षड्दर्शनानि ॥ Shad Darshanas ==
  −
<blockquote>कणादेन तु संप्रोक्तं शास्त्रं वैशेषिकं महत् । गौतमेन तथा न्यायं सांख्यं तु कपिलेन वै ॥ </blockquote><blockquote>kaṇādena tu saṃproktaṃ śāstraṃ vaiśeṣikaṃ mahat । gautamena tathā nyāyaṃ sāṃkhyaṃ tu kapilena vai ॥ </blockquote>Meaning : The great Vaisheshika shastra has been given by Kanada, while the Nyaya shastra was elucidated by Gautama Rishi, and Sankhya shastra was by Kapila Rishi.
  −
  −
Above Shloka from from Padma Purana shows that these darshanas belong to ancient period and are not of later time period as popularly believed.{{Citation needed}}
  −
  −
These are the six systems of Hindu philosophy which are known as Shad Darsanas. They are:
  −
#  न्यायः || Nyaya
  −
#  वैशेषिकः || Vaiseshika
  −
#  साङ्ख्यः || Samkhya
  −
#  योगः || Yoga
  −
#  पूर्वमीमांसा || Poorva Mimamsa
  −
# उत्तरमीमांसा || Uttara Mimamsa or वेदान्त || Vedanta. 
      
== पञ्चमवेदः || Panchamaveda  ==
 
== पञ्चमवेदः || Panchamaveda  ==
<blockquote>भारतः पञ्चमो वेदः || bhārataḥ pañcamo vedaḥ || </blockquote>As given in Mahabharata, expounds that Mahabharata which covers numerous topics related to human relationships is considered as the "Fifth Veda".<blockquote>पुराणं पञ्चमो वेद इति ब्रह्मानुशासनम् || (Skan. Pura. 5.3.1.18)<ref name=":1">Skanda Puranam ([http://vedicreserve.mum.edu/puranas/skanda_purana/skanda_purana_05avanti_03reva.pdf Reva Khanda])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>purāṇaṃ pañcamo veda iti brahmānuśāsanam || (Skan. Pura. 5.3.1.18)<ref name=":1">Skanda Puranam ([http://vedicreserve.mum.edu/puranas/skanda_purana/skanda_purana_05avanti_03reva.pdf Reva Khanda])</ref></blockquote>Puranas are also considered as Panchamaveda according to the Skandapurana.
+
<blockquote>भारतः पञ्चमो वेदः || bhārataḥ pañcamo vedaḥ || </blockquote>As given in Mahabharata itself, it states that Mahabharata which covers numerous topics related to human relationships is considered as the "Fifth Veda".<blockquote>पुराणं पञ्चमो वेद इति ब्रह्मानुशासनम् || (Skan. Pura. 5.3.1.18)<ref name=":1">Skanda Puranam ([http://vedicreserve.mum.edu/puranas/skanda_purana/skanda_purana_05avanti_03reva.pdf Reva Khanda])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>purāṇaṃ pañcamo veda iti brahmānuśāsanam || (Skan. Pura. 5.3.1.18)<ref name=":1">Skanda Puranam ([http://vedicreserve.mum.edu/puranas/skanda_purana/skanda_purana_05avanti_03reva.pdf Reva Khanda])</ref></blockquote>Puranas are also considered as Panchamaveda according to the Skandapurana.
    
Apart from the Mahabharata and the Puranas, later texts such as Bharata's Natyashastra are also called as Panchamaveda by a few scholars.{{Citation needed}}
 
Apart from the Mahabharata and the Puranas, later texts such as Bharata's Natyashastra are also called as Panchamaveda by a few scholars.{{Citation needed}}

Navigation menu