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Vedangas are thus special shastras to understand the vedic language, meaning and their usage and the karmakanda expounded in Vedas. To discourage digressing distorted interpretations these shastras have been given by the great rishis to streamline the understanding of correct intent of the Vedas.<ref name=":4222" />

Vedangas are thus special shastras to understand the vedic language, meaning and their usage and the karmakanda expounded in Vedas. To discourage digressing distorted interpretations these shastras have been given by the great rishis to streamline the understanding of correct intent of the Vedas.<ref name=":4222" />

== वेद-उपाङ्गानि || Veda-Upangas  ==

== वेद-उपाङ्गानि || Veda-Upangas  ==

Upangas of Vedas include the following four bodies of knowledge namely<ref name=":0222" /><ref name=":3222">Sri Sri Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Swamiji, (1907 to 1994) ''[http://www.kamakoti.org/hindudharma/part5/chap5.htm Hindu Dharma (Collection of Swamiji's Speeches)],'' Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham </ref><ref name=":2222" /><ref name=":522" />.   

Upangas of Vedas include the following four bodies of knowledge namely<ref name=":0222" /><ref name=":2222" /><ref name=":522" /><ref name=":3222">Sri Sri Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Swamiji, (1907 to 1994) ''[http://www.kamakoti.org/hindudharma/part5/chap5.htm Hindu Dharma (Collection of Swamiji's Speeches)],'' Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham </ref>.   

# Puranas   

# Puranas   

# Mimamsa     

# Mimamsa     

== पुराणानि उपपुराणानि च ॥ Puranas and Upapuranas  ==

== पुराणानि उपपुराणानि च ॥ Puranas and Upapuranas  ==

The [[Puranas]] are a vast genre of encyclopedic Indian texts about a wide range of topics particularly legends and traditional lore. Several of these texts are named after major devatas such as Vishnu, Shiva and Devi. There are 18 Mahapuranas (Great Puranas) and 18 Upapuranas (Minor Puranas), containing over 400,000 verses.<ref name=":4222" /><ref name=":02">[http://www.vcscsd.org/content/balabhavan/18-Puranas.pdf 18 Puranas - English Translation] by Dharmic Scriptures Team</ref> The list of Puranas is given in Padmapurana (2.3.5), Vishnupurana (3.6), Skanda purana (4.7.1), Agni Purana (10.8.3)

The [[Puranas]] are a vast genre of encyclopedic Indian texts about a wide range of topics particularly legends and traditional lore. Several of these texts are named after major devatas such as Vishnu, Shiva and Devi. There are 18 Mahapuranas (Great Puranas) and 18 Upapuranas (Minor Puranas), containing over 400,000 verses.<ref name=":4222" /><ref name=":02">[http://www.vcscsd.org/content/balabhavan/18-Puranas.pdf 18 Puranas - English Translation] by Dharmic Scriptures Team</ref> The list of Puranas is given in Padmapurana (2.3.5), Vishnupurana (3.6), Skanda purana (4.7.1), Agni Purana (10.8.3)<ref name=":02" />

The 18 Mahapuranas listed in Vishnu puranam<ref name=":522" /> are as follows<blockquote>अष्टादश पुराणानि पुराणज्ञाः प्रचक्षते। ब्राह्मं पाद्मं वैष्णवञ्च शैवं भागवतं तथा। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.20)</blockquote><blockquote>aṣṭādaśa purāṇāni purāṇajñāḥ pracakṣatē। brāhmaṁ pādmaṁ vaiṣṇavañca śaivaṁ bhāgavataṁ tathā। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.20)</blockquote><blockquote>अथान्यन्नारदीयञ्च मार्कण्डेयञ्च सप्तमम् । आग्नेयमष्टमञ्चैव भविष्यं नवमं तथा ।(Vish. Pura. 3.6.21)</blockquote><blockquote>athānyannāradīyañca mārkaṇḍēyañca saptamam । āgnēyamaṣṭamañcaiva bhaviṣyaṁ navamaṁ tathā ।(Vish. Pura. 3.6.21) </blockquote><blockquote>दशमं ब्रह्मवैवर्त्तं लैङ्गमेकादशं स्मृतम्। वाराहं द्वादशञ्चैव स्कान्दञ्चैव त्रयोदशम्। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.22)</blockquote><blockquote>daśamaṁ brahmavaivarttaṁ laiṅgamēkādaśaṁ smr̥tam। vārāhaṁ dvādaśañcaiva skāndañcaiva trayōdaśam। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.22) </blockquote><blockquote>चतुर्दशं वामनञ्च कौर्मं पञ्चदशं स्मृतम्। मात्स्यञ्च गारुडञ्चैव ब्रह्माण्डञ्च ततःपरम्। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.23)</blockquote><blockquote>caturdaśaṁ vāmanañca kaurmaṁ pañcadaśaṁ smr̥tam। mātsyañca gāruḍañcaiva brahmāṇḍañca tataḥparam। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.23)</blockquote><blockquote>तथा चोपपुराणानि मुनिभिः कथितानि च । महापुराणान्येतानि ह्मष्टादश महामुने ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.24)</blockquote><blockquote>tathā cōpapurāṇāni munibhiḥ kathitāni ca । mahāpurāṇānyētāni hmaṣṭādaśa mahāmunē ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.24)</blockquote>Meaning : 18 Puranas have been seen (given). They include Brahma Puranam, Padma puranam, Vishnu Puranam, Shiva Puranam, Bhagawata Puranam

The 18 Mahapuranas listed in Vishnu puranam<ref name=":522" /> are as follows<blockquote>अष्टादश पुराणानि पुराणज्ञाः प्रचक्षते। ब्राह्मं पाद्मं वैष्णवञ्च शैवं भागवतं तथा। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.20)</blockquote><blockquote>aṣṭādaśa purāṇāni purāṇajñāḥ pracakṣatē। brāhmaṁ pādmaṁ vaiṣṇavañca śaivaṁ bhāgavataṁ tathā। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.20)</blockquote><blockquote>अथान्यन्नारदीयञ्च मार्कण्डेयञ्च सप्तमम् । आग्नेयमष्टमञ्चैव भविष्यं नवमं तथा ।(Vish. Pura. 3.6.21)</blockquote><blockquote>athānyannāradīyañca mārkaṇḍēyañca saptamam । āgnēyamaṣṭamañcaiva bhaviṣyaṁ navamaṁ tathā ।(Vish. Pura. 3.6.21) </blockquote><blockquote>दशमं ब्रह्मवैवर्त्तं लैङ्गमेकादशं स्मृतम्। वाराहं द्वादशञ्चैव स्कान्दञ्चैव त्रयोदशम्। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.22)</blockquote><blockquote>daśamaṁ brahmavaivarttaṁ laiṅgamēkādaśaṁ smr̥tam। vārāhaṁ dvādaśañcaiva skāndañcaiva trayōdaśam। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.22) </blockquote><blockquote>चतुर्दशं वामनञ्च कौर्मं पञ्चदशं स्मृतम्। मात्स्यञ्च गारुडञ्चैव ब्रह्माण्डञ्च ततःपरम्। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.23)</blockquote><blockquote>caturdaśaṁ vāmanañca kaurmaṁ pañcadaśaṁ smr̥tam। mātsyañca gāruḍañcaiva brahmāṇḍañca tataḥparam। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.23)</blockquote><blockquote>तथा चोपपुराणानि मुनिभिः कथितानि च । महापुराणान्येतानि ह्मष्टादश महामुने ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.24)</blockquote><blockquote>tathā cōpapurāṇāni munibhiḥ kathitāni ca । mahāpurāṇānyētāni hmaṣṭādaśa mahāmunē ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.6.24)</blockquote>Meaning : 18 Puranas have been seen (given). They include Brahma Puranam, Padma puranam, Vishnu Puranam, Shiva Puranam, Bhagawata Puranam. And the others are Narada Puranam, Markandeya Puran is the seventh, Agni Puranam is the eighth, Bhavishya puranam being the ninth. the tenth is Brahma vaivarta Puranam, the eleventh is termed Linga Puranam. Varaha Puranam is the twelfth and Skanda Puranam the thirteenth, fourteenth is Vamana Puranam, Kurma Puranam is termed the fifteenth. Matsya Puranam, Garuda Puranam and Brahmanda Puranam come after these. And (eighteen) Upa Puranas have been given by rishis along with these Mahapuranas.

 

And the others are Narada Puranam, Markandeya Puran is the seventh, Agni Puranam is the eighth, Bhavishya puranam being the ninth. the tenth is Brahma vaivarta Puranam, the eleventh is termed Linga Puranam.

 

Varaha Puranam is the twelfth and Skanda Puranam the thirteenth, fourteenth is Vamana Puranam, Kurma Puranam is termed the fifteenth. Matsya Puranam, Garuda Puranam and Brahmanda Puranam come after these.

 

And (eighteen) Upa Puranas have been given by rishis along with these Mahapuranas.

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|+अष्टादश महापुराणानि

|+अष्टादश महापुराणानि

The Upapuranas are variously given in different texts. However a few are common in all these versions.  

The Upapuranas are variously given in different texts. However a few are common in all these versions.  

Sanat kumar, Narsimha, Skanda, Shiva Dharma, Durvasa, Narad, Kapil, Manu, Ushana, Brahmand, Varun, Kalika, Maheshwar, Saamb,

In Skanda purana (4.7.1).<ref name=":02" /> : Sanatkumara, Narsimha, Skanda, Shiva Dharma, Durvasa, Narada, Kapila, Manu, Ushana, Brahmanda, Varuna, Kalika, Maheshwara, Samba, Saura, Parashara, Maricha and Bhargava puranam.  

Saura, Parashar, Maarich and Bhargava.'  Sutji told the sages that all the Up- Puranas owe their origin to the main Puranas which are eighteen in

 

number. He also revealed to them that they could be categorized into three main types- Satvik, Rajas

In Garuda Puranam<ref name=":4222" /> : Sanathkumara, Skanda, Shivadharma, Ascharya, Narada, Kapila, Vamana, Aushasana, Brahmanda, Varuna, Kalika, Maheswara, Samba, Saura, Parashara, Maricha and Bhargava puranam.  

and Tamas. Satvik Puranas contain the tales of Lord Vishnu while Rajas Puranas contain the tales of

Brahma and Tamas Purans contain the tales of Agni and Rudra. Skanda purana (4.7.1)

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|+अष्टादश उपपुराणानि<ref name=":4222" />

|+अष्टादश उपपुराणानि

|सनत्कुमारपुराणम्  ॥ Sanatkumara Purana

|सनत्कुमारपुराणम्  ॥ Sanatkumara Purana

|नरसिंहम्पुराणम् ॥ Narasimha Purana

|नरसिंहम्पुराणम् ॥ Narasimha Purana

|नन्दिपुराणम् ॥ Nandi Puranam

|<nowiki>स्कन्दपुराणम् || Skanda Purana</nowiki>

|-

|-

|शिवरहस्यपुराणम् ॥ Shivarahasya

|शिवधर्मपुराणम् ॥ Shivadharma Purana

|दौर्वासम् ॥ Daurvasa

|दूर्वासपुराणम् ॥ Durvasa Purana

|कपिलम् ॥ Kapila

|नारदीयपुराणम् ॥ Naradeeya Purana

|-

|-

|नारदीयम् ॥ Naradeeya

|कपिलपुराणम् ॥ Kapila Purana

|वामनम् ॥ Vamana

|वामनपुराणम् ॥ Vamana Purana

|वारुणम् ॥ Varunam

|औशासनपुराणम् ॥ Aushasana Purana

|-

|-

|देवीभागवतम् ॥ Devibhagavata

|<nowiki>ब्रह्माण्डपुराणम् || Brahmanda Purana</nowiki>

|वासिष्ठम् ॥ Vasishta

|वरुणपुराणम् ॥ Varuna Purana

|साम्बपुराणम् ॥ Samba

|कल्की / कालिकापुराणम्॥ Kalki / Kalika Purana

|-

|-

|कल्की / कालिका॥ Kalki / Kalika

|<nowiki>महेश्वरपुराणम् || Maheshwara Purana </nowiki>

|हंसम् ॥ Hamsa

|साम्बपुराणम् ॥ Samba Purana

|सौरम् ॥ Saura

|सौरपुराणम् ॥ Saura Purana

|-

|-

|गाणपत्यम् / मुद्गलम् ॥ Ganapatya / Mudgala

|पराशरपुराणम् ॥ Parashara Purana

|पराशरम् ॥ Parashara

|मारीचपुराणम् ॥ Maricha Purana

|भार्गवम् ॥ Bhargava

|भार्गवपुराणम् ॥ Bhargava Purana

|}The Puranas have been influential in the development of Bharateeya samskriti. They are considered Vaidika (congruent with Vedic literature) or pertaining to vedas with easy understanding as mentioned by Shivamahapuranam <ref name=":02" />.

|}नन्दिपुराणम् ॥ Nandi Puranam,  गाणपत्यम् / मुद्गलम् ॥ Ganapatya / Mudgala, देवीभागवतम् ॥ Devibhagavata, वासिष्ठम् ॥ Vasishta, हंसम् ॥ HamsaThe Puranas have been influential in the development of Bharateeya samskriti. They are considered Vaidika (congruent with Vedic literature) or pertaining to vedas with easy understanding as mentioned by Shivamahapuranam <ref name=":02" />.

The Bhagavata Purana has been among the most celebrated, popularly studied with commentaries given by many scholars. The Puranic literature has become more popular with the Bhakti movement in India. Both Dvaita and Advaita scholars have given bhasyas or commentaries on the various vedantic philosophies of the Mahapuranas.{{Citation needed}}

The Bhagavata Purana has been among the most celebrated, popularly studied with commentaries given by many scholars. The Puranic literature has become more popular with the Bhakti movement in India. Both Dvaita and Advaita scholars have given bhasyas or commentaries on the various vedantic philosophies of the Mahapuranas.{{Citation needed}}