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Line 19: − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − − − शिक्षा घ्राणं तु वेदस्य मुखं व्याकरणं स्मृतम् ।+ + − तस्मात् साङ्गमधीत्यैव ब्रह्मलोके महीयते ॥+ − In Paninineeyasiksha these six vedaangas are divided as given in the above sloka which means<blockquote>''"Chandas forms the feet of the Vedapurusha, while Kalpas are the hands, Jyotisha are the eyes, Nirukta forms the ears, Siksha is the nose, while the face (speech) is formed by Vyakaranam. Only by studying vedas (Vedapurusha) along with vedangas (different parts) will one attain the brahmaloka".''</blockquote>+ − − == Veda-Upaangas == − कणादेन तु संप्रक्तं शास्त्रं वैशेषिकं महत् । − − गौतमेन तथा न्यायं सांख्यं तु कपिलेन वै ॥ − − "The great Vaiseshika shastra has been given by Kanada, while the Nyaya shastra was elucidated by Goutama rushi, and Saankhya shastra was by Kapila rushi. " − * Above Sloka from from Padma puranam shows that these darsanas belong to ancient period and not in later time period. − * These are the six systems of Hindu philosophy which is known as Shad Darsanas. They are: Line 64:
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Vaidika Vangmaya (वैदिकवाङ्मयम्) (view source)
Revision as of 15:12, 10 August 2017
, 15:12, 10 August 2017→Vedaangas
== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
Understanding vedic literature itself developed into many branches covering different aspects of the subject. While some have developed independently (such as Jyotisha to explain muhurtas in vedic rituals, Ayurveda the science of all round health) others summarize (such as Kalpa which is a manual of material from different vedas) and a few others are simplified (like the Puranas in story format) for easy understanding (including the Mahabharata). They are sub classified as
Understanding vedic literature itself developed into many branches covering different aspects of the subject. While some have developed independently (such as Jyotisha to explain muhurtas in vedic rituals, Ayurveda the science of all round health) others summarize (such as Kalpa which is a manual of material from different vedas) and a few others are simplified (like the Puranas in story format) for easy understanding (including the Mahabharata). They are sub classified as
# Vedaangas
# <s>Vedaangas</s>
# Veda-Upangas
# <s>Veda-Upangas</s>
# Upa-Vedas
# <s>Upa-Vedas</s>
# Panchamavedam
# <s>Panchamavedam</s>
# Puranas
# <s>Puranas</s>
# Upa-Puranas
# <s>Upa-Puranas</s>
All these along with the other Parishistas make up a huge volume of literature which we collectively call as vaidika vaangmayam.
All these along with the other Parishistas make up a huge volume of literature which we collectively call as vaidika vaangmayam.
== Vedaangas ==
== <s>Vedaangas</s> ==
शिक्षा कल्पो व्याकरणं निरुक्तं छन्दसां चयः ।
<blockquote>''शिक्षा कल्पो व्याकरणं निरुक्तं छन्दसां चयः ।''</blockquote><blockquote>''ज्योतिषामयनं चैव वेदंगानि षडेव तु ॥''</blockquote>According to the above sloka Vedaangas are six in number namely
ज्योतिषामयनं चैव वेदंगानि षडेव तु ॥
According to the above sloka Vedaangas are six in number namely
{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
|+VEDAANGAS
|+VEDAANGAS
! Subject Dealt With
! Subject Dealt With
|-
|-
| 1.Siksha
| <s>1.Siksha</s>
| Science of phonetics or pronunciation and intonation.
| Science of phonetics or pronunciation and intonation.
|-
|-
| 2.Vyakarana
| <s>2.Vyakarana</s>
| Science of the grammar of language
| Science of the grammar of language
|-
|-
| 3.Nirukta
| <s>3.Nirukta</s>
| Etymology or the science of origin, meaning and explanation of the Vedic words.
| Etymology or the science of origin, meaning and explanation of the Vedic words.
|-
|-
| 4.Chandas
| <s>4.Chandas</s>
| Prosody or science of composition of the hymns like meter, rhyme, paada etc. of the mantras
| Prosody or science of composition of the hymns like meter, rhyme, paada etc. of the mantras
|-
|-
| 5.Jyotisha
| <s>5.Jyotisha</s>
| Astronomy and astrology mainly directed towards fixing up of auspicious moments for the performance of the Vedic sacrifices <br>
| Astronomy and astrology mainly directed towards fixing up of auspicious moments for the performance of the Vedic sacrifices <br>
|-
|-
| 6.Kalpa
| <s>6.Kalpa</s>
| Science or manual of sacrificial rituals, both Vedic and domestic.
| Science or manual of sacrificial rituals, both Vedic and domestic.
|}
|}
छन्दः पादौ तु वेदस्य हस्तौ कल्पोऽथ उच्यते ।
<blockquote>''छन्दः पादौ तु वेदस्य हस्तौ कल्पोऽथ उच्यते ।''</blockquote><blockquote>''ज्योतिषामयनं चक्षुर्निरुक्तं श्रोत्रमुच्यते ॥''</blockquote><blockquote>''शिक्षा घ्राणं तु वेदस्य मुखं व्याकरणं स्मृतम् ।''</blockquote><blockquote>''तस्मात् साङ्गमधीत्यैव ब्रह्मलोके महीयते ॥''</blockquote>In Paninineeyasiksha these six vedaangas are divided as given in the above sloka which means<blockquote>''"Chandas forms the feet of the Vedapurusha, while Kalpas are the hands, Jyotisha are the eyes, Nirukta forms the ears, Siksha is the nose, while the face (speech) is formed by Vyakaranam. Only by studying vedas (Vedapurusha) along with vedangas (different parts) will one attain the brahmaloka".''</blockquote>
ज्योतिषामयनं चक्षुर्निरुक्तं श्रोत्रमुच्यते ॥
== <s>Veda-Upaangas</s> ==
<blockquote>''कणादेन तु संप्रक्तं शास्त्रं वैशेषिकं महत् ।''</blockquote><blockquote>''गौतमेन तथा न्यायं सांख्यं तु कपिलेन वै ॥''</blockquote>"The great Vaiseshika shastra has been given by Kanada, while the Nyaya shastra was elucidated by Goutama rushi, and Saankhya shastra was by Kapila rushi. "
Above Sloka from from Padma puranam shows that these darsanas belong to ancient period and not in later time period.
These are the six systems of Hindu philosophy which is known as Shad Darsanas. They are:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
| colspan="6" | '''VEDA UPANGAS'''
| colspan="6" | '''VEDA UPANGAS'''
| colspan="6" | '''Shad Darshana Or Six Systems Of Hindu Philosophy'''
| colspan="6" | '''Shad Darshana Or Six Systems Of Hindu Philosophy'''
|-
|-
| Nyaya
| <s>Nyaya</s>
| Vaiseshika
| <s>Vaiseshika</s>
| Sankhya
| <s>Sankhya</s>
| Yoga
| <s>Yoga</s>
| Poorva Mimamsa
| <s>Poorva Mimamsa</s>
|Uttara Mimamsa or Vedanta. <br>
|<s>Uttara Mimamsa or Vedanta. <br></s>
|}
|}
== Upa Vedas ==
== <s>Upa Vedas</s> ==
* They are called the subsidiary Vedas. They are four in number one attached to each Veda viz.
* They are called the subsidiary Vedas. They are four in number one attached to each Veda viz.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Veda to which attached
! Veda to which attached
|-
|-
| Ayurveda
| <s>Ayurveda</s>
| Science of life, of sound health including the art of preventing and curing diseases
| Science of life, of sound health including the art of preventing and curing diseases
| Rig Veda
| Rig Veda
|-
|-
| Gandharva Veda
| <s>Gandharva Veda</s>
| Science of fine arts like music and dance
| Science of fine arts like music and dance
| Sama Veda.
| Sama Veda.
|-
|-
| Artha Veda
| <s>Artha Veda</s>
| Known as Artha-sastra science of economics, politics and statecraft
| Known as Artha-sastra science of economics, politics and statecraft
| Atharva Veda
| Atharva Veda
|-
|-
| Dhanurveda
| <s>Dhanurveda</s>
| Science of archery and warfare
| Science of archery and warfare
| Yajurveda.
| Yajurveda.
Vedangas developed as ancillary studies for the Vedas, but its insights into meters, structure of sound and language, grammar, linguistic analysis and other subjects influenced post-Vedic studies, arts, culture and various schools of Hindu philosophy. The Kalpa Vedanga studies, for example, gave rise to the Dharma-sutras, which later expanded into Dharma-shastras.
Vedangas developed as ancillary studies for the Vedas, but its insights into meters, structure of sound and language, grammar, linguistic analysis and other subjects influenced post-Vedic studies, arts, culture and various schools of Hindu philosophy. The Kalpa Vedanga studies, for example, gave rise to the Dharma-sutras, which later expanded into Dharma-shastras.
== Parisista ==
== <s>Parisista</s> ==
Pariśiṣṭa "supplement, appendix" is the term applied to various ancillary works of Vedic literature, dealing mainly with details of ritual and elaborations of the texts logically and chronologically prior to them are the Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Sutras. Naturally classified with the Veda to which each pertains, Parisista works exist for each of the four Vedas. However, only the literature associated with the Atharvaveda is extensive.
Pariśiṣṭa "supplement, appendix" is the term applied to various ancillary works of Vedic literature, dealing mainly with details of ritual and elaborations of the texts logically and chronologically prior to them are the Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Sutras. Naturally classified with the Veda to which each pertains, Parisista works exist for each of the four Vedas. However, only the literature associated with the Atharvaveda is extensive.
The Āśvalāyana Gṛhya Pariśiṣṭa is a very late text associated with the Rigveda.
The Āśvalāyana Gṛhya Pariśiṣṭa is a very late text associated with the Rigveda.
The Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda has 3 parisistas The Āpastamba Hautra Pariśiṣṭa, which is also found as the second praśna of the Satyasāḍha Śrauta Sūtra', the Vārāha Śrauta Sūtra Pariśiṣṭa
The Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda has 3 parisistas The Āpastamba Hautra Pariśiṣṭa, which is also found as the second praśna of the Satyasāḍha Śrauta Sūtra', the Vārāha Śrauta Sūtra Pariśiṣṭa
For the Atharvaveda, there are 79 works, collected as 72 distinctly named parisistas.[136]
For the Atharvaveda, there are 79 works, collected as 72 distinctly named parisistas.
== Panchamavedam ==
== <s>Panchamavedam</s> ==
Bharatah Panchamavedaha - As given in Mahabharata expounds that Mahabharatam which covers numerous topics related to human relationships is considered as the fifth veda. The earliest reference to such a "fifth Veda" is found in the Chandogya Upanishad in hymn 7.1.2.
<s>Bharatah Panchamavedaha</s> - As given in Mahabharata expounds that Mahabharatam which covers numerous topics related to human relationships is considered as the fifth veda.
== Puranas ==
== Puranas ==
The 18 Puranas are as follows
The 18 Puranas are as follows
* Matsya puranam
* <s>Matsya puranam</s>
* Markandeya puranam
* <s>Markandeya puranam</s>
* Bhaagavata puranam
* <s>Bhaagavata puranam</s>
* Bhavishyat puranam
* <s>Bhavishyat puranam</s>
* Brahmanda puranam
* <s>Brahmanda puranam</s>
* Brahmavaivarta puranam
* <s>Brahmavaivarta puranam</s>
* Brahma puranam
* <s>Brahma puranam</s>
* Vamana puranam
* <s>Vamana puranam</s>
* Varaaha puranam
* <s>Varaaha puranam</s>
* Vishnu puranam
* <s>Vishnu puranam</s>
* Vaayu puranam
* <s>Vaayu puranam</s>
* Agni puranam
* <s>Agni puranam</s>
* Naarada puranam
* <s>Naarada puranam</s>
* Padma puranam
* <s>Padma puranam</s>
* Linga puranam
* <s>Linga puranam</s>
* Garuda puranam
* <s>Garuda puranam</s>
* Koorma puranam
* <s>Koorma puranam</s>
* Skaanda puranam
* <s>Skaanda puranam</s>
The following are the 18 Upa Puranas
The following are the 18 Upa Puranas
* Bhaargava
* Bhaargava
The Puranas have been influential in the Hindu culture. They are considered Vaidika (congruent with Vedic literature).
The Puranas have been influential in the Hindu culture. They are considered Vaidika (congruent with Vedic literature) or pertaining to vedas.
The Bhagavata Purana has been among the most celebrated and popular text in the Puranic genre, and is of non-dualistic tenor.[154][155] The Puranic literature wove with the Bhakti movement in India, and both Dvaita and Advaita scholars have commented on the underlying Vedanta themes in the Maha Puranas.
The Bhagavata Purana has been among the most celebrated and popular text in the Puranic genre, and is of non-dualistic tenor. The Puranic literature wove with the Bhakti movement in India and both Dvaita and Advaita scholars have commented on the underlying Vedanta themes in the Maha Puranas.
== Discussion ==
== Discussion ==
== References ==
== References ==