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→Trivarga and Human Rights: Adding content - to be edited
Thus, right to social security as a human right recognised in Bharatiya Culture holds good for all times and to the entire — humanity. But, the special feature was instead of throwing the entire burden of social security on the exchequer (royal or national treasury), it has to be borne by the earning member of a family.<ref name=":0" />
Thus, right to social security as a human right recognised in Bharatiya Culture holds good for all times and to the entire — humanity. But, the special feature was instead of throwing the entire burden of social security on the exchequer (royal or national treasury), it has to be borne by the earning member of a family.<ref name=":0" />
=== Right to humane treatment in custody and in prison ===
Protection of human rights even when a person was —apprehended by public servants for offences alleged to havebeen committed by him or even after conviction and sentenced to undergo imprisonment was also envisaged. One of the provisions set out hereinafter throw considerable light on this topic.
Causing obstruction to the prisoners
“An officer who obstructs or causes to obstruct prisoners in their daily routine such as sleeping, sitting, eating, etc., shall be liable to be punished with fines ranging from 3 panas and upwards.” [Kautilya, p. 255, p. 235-S]
=== Protection of human rights even during and after war ===
Human rights were regarded as sacrosanct in this land, since times immemorial, is evidenced by the rules which prescribed that even during and after winning wars, certain human rights were required to be respected and protected. Some of them are:
==== Rules of warefare ====
“Let not the king strike with concealed weapons, nor weapons which are barbed, poisoned or the points of which are blazed with fire.
He should not strike, when he is on his chariot, one who is on the ground.
He should not strike a person who is an eunuch, or who has surrendered or is fleeing from the battlefield or one who is sitting or accepts defeat.
Nor one who is sleeping, nor one who has lost his Armour, nor one who is naked, nor one who is only a spectator, nor one who is engaged in fighting with another;
Nor one whose weapons are broken, nor one who is afflicted with sorrow, nor one who is grievously wounded, nor one who is in fear”. (Manu-VII, 90-93-98).
These are the restrictions” on an honourable warrior, which every soldier must remember during war.
This is the declared law for warriors, which a Kshatriya must not transgress, if he were to remain unblemished, when he is fighting with his foes in the battlefield. He should fight only in accordance with Dharma, which is, hence, called Dharmayudha. (Manusmriti, Ch. VII, Vs. 90-93 and 98).
==== Treatment of conquered people ====
(i) Having fully ascertained the wishes of all the conquered people, let him place a relative of the vanquished ruler on the throne, imposing necessary conditions.
(ii) Let him give recognition to the lawful customs of the inhabitants just as they state them (to be) and let him honour the new king (so appointed) and his personal attendants with precious gifts. (Manu, Ch. VII, 202-21 Vs.03).
==== Protection of conquered people ====
“Eyen when the conquered king has acted wrongly, the conqueror should not ruin his Country, since he would not have had the concurrence of his people for his misdeeds.” (Katyayana-21)
Laying down of such humane rules to be observed during and after war is the high watermark of the development and respect for human rights.
The observance of this Dharma is evidenced in Ramayana, by coronating Vibhishana the brother of Ravana after the latter was killed for his misdeed and in Mahabharata in coronating Sahadeva son of Jarasandha after the latter was killed for his misdeeds.<ref name=":0" />
== References ==
== References ==
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