Changes

=== Agriculture<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":0">Dwivedi, Kapil Dev. (2004 Second Edition) ''Vedon mein Vijnana (Positive Sciences in the Vedas).'' Jnanpur (Bhadohi): Vishvabharati Anusandhan Parishad. (Pages 142-161)</ref> ===

=== Agriculture<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":0">Dwivedi, Kapil Dev. (2004 Second Edition) ''Vedon mein Vijnana (Positive Sciences in the Vedas).'' Jnanpur (Bhadohi): Vishvabharati Anusandhan Parishad. (Pages 142-161)</ref> ===

Interestingly in the Rgveda, we find reference to agriculture as a virtue to be possessed against a game of dice (considered as a vice).<blockquote>अक्षैर्मा दीव्यः कृषिमित् कृषस्व । (Rg. Veda. 10.34.7)</blockquote>Rgveda clearly mentions that the technology involved in agriculture or [https://dharmawiki.org/index.php/Krshi%20Vijnana%20(%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D) Krshi] was first given by Prthu Maharaja (Prthi), who was the son of Veni. He produced different kinds of food grains (Anna) by using krshividya. This information is corroborated in Atharva Veda and Mahabharata (Shanti Parva) and Bhagavata Purana (Skanda 4.16-23).<blockquote>पृथी यद् वां वैन्यः। (Rg. Veda. 8.9.10)</blockquote>There are a few agriculture related suktas in Rgveda (10.101 and 4.59). In Mandala 10, we find an interesting aspect as to how agriculture was initiated. Sukta 28 mentions that at first devagana (reference to those wise people who were interested in Purusharthas) came forward with their axes  (परशु) to clear the forests. They also had many other ganas who helped them even the land. The useful timbers (सुद्रु) were laid near the river banks and grass and weeds (कृपीट) were burnt down.<blockquote>दे॒वास॑ आयन्पर॒शूँर॑बिभ्र॒न्वना॑ वृ॒श्चन्तो॑ अ॒भि वि॒ड्भिरा॑यन् । नि सु॒द्र्वं१ दध॑तो व॒क्षणा॑सु॒ यत्रा॒ कृपी॑ट॒मनु॒ तद्द॑हन्ति ॥८॥ (Rg. Veda. 10.28.8)<ref>Rg Veda ([https://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/rigveda/shakala-samhita/rigveda-shakala-samhita-mandal-10-sukta-028/ Mandala 10 Sukta 28])</ref></blockquote>From this it may be known that forests were widespread and agriculture had to be initiated in forest clearings. People were dependent on Anna (food) and hence agriculture was of utmost importance. The process of agricultural activities was explained in the Rgveda. They include preparing the plough, yolking the oxen, and sowing seeds in well prepared land. A prayer for plentiful and bountiful crop is expressed in the mantras of mandala ten. Once the crop is ready, they are cut using sickles and the ripe grains are brought home after appropriate treatment. Till today these practices are followed with only a change in the implements used.<ref name=":0" />

Interestingly in the Rgveda, we find reference to agriculture as a virtue to be possessed against a game of dice (considered as a vice).<blockquote>अक्षैर्मा दीव्यः कृषिमित् कृषस्व । (Rg. Veda. 10.34.7)</blockquote>Rgveda clearly mentions that the technology involved in agriculture or [https://dharmawiki.org/index.php/Krshi%20Vijnana%20(%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D) Krshi] was first given by Prthu Maharaja (Prthi), who was the son of Veni. He produced different kinds of food grains (Anna) by using krshividya. This information is corroborated in Atharva Veda and Mahabharata (Shanti Parva) and Bhagavata Purana (Skanda 4.16-23).<blockquote>पृथी यद् वां वैन्यः। (Rg. Veda. 8.9.10)</blockquote>There are a few agriculture related suktas in Rgveda (10.101 and 4.59). In Mandala 10, we find an interesting aspect as to how agriculture was initiated. Sukta 28 mentions that at first devagana (reference to those wise people who were interested in Purusharthas) came forward with their axes  (परशु) to clear the forests. They also had many other ganas who helped them even the land. The useful timbers (सुद्रु) were laid near the river banks and grass and weeds (कृपीट) were burnt down.<blockquote>दे॒वास॑ आयन्पर॒शूँर॑बिभ्र॒न्वना॑ वृ॒श्चन्तो॑ अ॒भि वि॒ड्भिरा॑यन् । नि सु॒द्र्वं१ दध॑तो व॒क्षणा॑सु॒ यत्रा॒ कृपी॑ट॒मनु॒ तद्द॑हन्ति ॥८॥ (Rg. Veda. 10.28.8)<ref>Rg Veda ([https://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/rigveda/shakala-samhita/rigveda-shakala-samhita-mandal-10-sukta-028/ Mandala 10 Sukta 28])</ref></blockquote>From this it may be known that forests were widespread and agriculture had to be initiated in forest clearings. People were dependent on Anna (food) and hence agriculture was of utmost importance. The process of agricultural activities was explained in the Rgveda. They include preparing the plough, yolking the oxen, and sowing seeds in well prepared land. A prayer for plentiful and bountiful crop is expressed in the mantras of mandala ten. Once the crop is ready, they are cut using sickles and the ripe grains are brought home after appropriate treatment. <blockquote>यु॒नक्त॒ सीरा॒ वि यु॒गा त॑नुध्वं कृ॒ते योनौ॑ वपते॒ह बीज॑म् । गि॒रा च॑ श्रु॒ष्टिः सभ॑रा॒ अस॑न्नो॒ नेदी॑य॒ इत्सृ॒ण्य॑: प॒क्वमेया॑त् ॥३॥ (Rg. Veda. 10.101.3)<ref>Rg Veda ([https://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/rigveda/shakala-samhita/rigveda-shakala-samhita-mandal-10-sukta-101/ Mandala 10 Sukta 101])</ref></blockquote>Till today many of these practices are followed with the change being the implements used.<ref name=":0" />

 

 

== References ==

== References ==