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Line 100: − + − + − Any sacrifice performed without regard for the directions of scripture, without distribution of prasadam (spiritual food), and without faith is considered to be in the mode of ignorance.<ref name=":5" /> − And that sacrifice which is not performed according to the scriptural rules and in which no food is distributed, no hymns are chanted and no fees paid, and which is devoid of faith, is said to be of the nature of tamas.+ − + − The sacrifice characterised by tamas is performed mechanically either because the act of living demands it, or because it comes in or way, or because others do it, or because of the desire to avoid another greater difficulty that may arise from its non-performance, or for some other unworthy motive.+ + + − देवद्विजगुरुप्राज्ञपूजनं शौचमार्जवम् । ब्रह्मचर्यमहिंसा च शारीरं तप उच्यते ॥१७.१४॥+ + + + + − Austerity of the body consists in worship of the Supreme Lord, the brahmanas, the spiritual master and superiors like the father and mother and in cleanliness, simplicity, celibacy and nonviolence.+ − अनुद्वेगकरं वाक्यं सत्यं प्रियहितं च यत् । स्वाध्यायाभ्यसनं चैव वाङ्मयं तप उच्यते ॥१७.१५॥+ − Austerity of speech consists in speaking words that are truthful, pleasing, beneficial and not agitating to others and also in regularly reciting Vedic literature.+ − मनः प्रसादः सौम्यत्वं मौनमात्मविनिग्रहः । भावसंशुद्धिरित्येतत्तपो मानसमुच्यते ॥१७.१६॥+ − And satisfaction, simplicity, gravity, self-control and purification of one's existence are the austerities of the mind.+ + + + + + + +
Shraddha Traya Vibhaga Yoga (श्रद्धात्रयविभागयोगः) (view source)
Revision as of 19:37, 26 April 2023
, 19:37, 26 April 2023Editing
* according to scriptural rules
* according to scriptural rules
* as a matter of duty
* as a matter of duty
|Rajasika Yajnas are that which are performed
|Rajasika Yajna is that which is performed
* in expectation of reward
* in expectation of reward
* out of pride
* out of pride
|विधिहीनमसृष्टान्नं मन्त्रहीनमदक्षिणम् । श्रद्धाविरहितं यज्ञं तामसं परिचक्षते ॥१७.१३॥
|Tamasika Yajna is that which is performed mechanically
* without regard for the directions of scriptures
* without distribution of food
* without chanting of mantras
* without offering dakshina
* without shraddha
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=== तपः ॥ Tapa ===
=== तपः ॥ Tapa ===
The Bhagavad Gita (17.14-17.16) enlists three kinds of Tapa:
* Sharira Tapa
It refers to the worship of the Supreme Being, brahmanas, spiritual masters and the wise with cleanliness, sincerity, self-restraint and non-violence.
* Vangmaya Tapa
It refers to speech that is non-offensive, truthful, pleasing and beneficial; and also the regular recitation of the Vedas.
* Manasa Tapa
It refers to the serenity, gentleness and silence of the mind (ie. control of thought which precedes the silence of the tongue), self-control and purity of the heart.
The Bhagavad Gita (17.17-17.19) then describes the characteristics of these three kinds of Tapa on the basis of the trigunas:
|श्रद्धया परया तप्तं तपस्तत्त्रिविधं नरैः । अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिर्युक्तैः सात्त्विकं परिचक्षते ॥१७.१७॥
|श्रद्धया परया तप्तं तपस्तत्त्रिविधं नरैः । अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिर्युक्तैः सात्त्विकं परिचक्षते ॥१७.१७॥
This threefold austerity, performed with transcendental faith by men not expecting material benefits but engaged only for the sake of the Supreme, is called austerity in goodness.<ref name=":5" />
This threefold austerity, performed with transcendental faith by men not expecting material benefits but engaged only for the sake of the Supreme, is called austerity in goodness.<ref name=":5" />
This threefold austerity practised with supreme faith by steadfast men, without desire for fruit, is said to be of the nature of sattva.
|सत्कारमानपूजार्थं तपो दम्भेन चैव यत् । क्रियते तदिह प्रोक्तं राजसं चलमध्रुवम् ॥१७.१८॥
|सत्कारमानपूजार्थं तपो दम्भेन चैव यत् । क्रियते तदिह प्रोक्तं राजसं चलमध्रुवम् ॥१७.१८॥
Penance performed out of pride and for the sake of gaining respect, honor and worship is said to be in the mode of passion. It is neither stable nor permanent.<ref name=":5" />
Penance performed out of pride and for the sake of gaining respect, honor and worship is said to be in the mode of passion. It is neither stable nor permanent.<ref name=":5" />
The austerity that is practised in order to gain respect, honour and reverence and for ostentation, is said to be of the nature of rajas. Its result is uncertain and transitory.
|मूढग्राहेणात्मनो यत्पीडया क्रियते तपः । परस्योत्सादनार्थं वा तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥१७.१९॥
|मूढग्राहेणात्मनो यत्पीडया क्रियते तपः । परस्योत्सादनार्थं वा तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥१७.१९॥
Penance performed out of foolishness, with Self-torture or to destroy or injure others, is said to be in the mode of ignorance.<ref name=":5" />
Penance performed out of foolishness, with Self-torture or to destroy or injure others, is said to be in the mode of ignorance.<ref name=":5" />
The austerity that is practised with a determination based on foolishness, by means of self-torture or for the purpose of ruining another is declared to be of the nature of tamas.
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