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== Importance of Agriculture ==
== Importance of Agriculture ==
Kashyapiya-krishi-paddhati is a classical text which discusses the importance of agriculture since ancient times.
Kashyapiya-krishi-paddhati and Krshiparasara are two classical texts which discuss the importance of agriculture since ancient times.
===कश्यपीयकृषिपद्धतिः ॥ Kashyapiya-krishi-paddhati===
===कश्यपीयकृषिपद्धतिः ॥ Kashyapiya-krishi-paddhati===
Kashyapiyakrishi paddhati mentions that production of grains and other vegetation are the sole purpose of highest fulfilment of the earth. The rich earth full of vegetation is the cause of growth of living beings-<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>सस्यादिरेव मेदिन्याः परोधर्मः परं यशः। सस्यपूर्णा वसुमती प्राणिनां प्राणवर्धिनी।। (1.18)</blockquote>It further adds that it is the giver of all auspicious things, leading to the satisfaction of devatas especially with its perpetual power to produce grain and fountains of sweet water-<blockquote>सर्वमङ्गलदात्री च देवानां तुष्टिदायिनी। नित्यसस्या च मधुरजलस्रावा विशेषतः।। (1.19)</blockquote>Seers with divine insight eulogize agricultural business as the basis of sacrifice and as life giver of living beings-<blockquote>यज्ञानामपि चाधारः प्राणिनां जीवदायकम्। कृषिकर्म प्रशंसन्ति मुनयो दिव्यचक्षुसः।। (1.235)</blockquote>Men should exert and devote themselves to farming whether they get farmlands from a king or purchase one for themselves-<blockquote>नृपत् प्राप्तं स्वतःक्रीत सस्यक्षेत्रं तु मानवाः। संप्राप्य यत्नवन्तश्च कृषिकार्यकृतादराः ।। (1.236)</blockquote>They are said to please devatas and rshis. Of all wealth, agriculture is the highest wealth-<blockquote>देवानां च मुनीनां च मे मताः प्रीतिदायिनः। घनानामपि सर्वेषां कृषिरेव परं धनम्।। (1.237)</blockquote>As this wealth cannot be taken away by others, it is commended by everyone. Yielding profuse returns, it provides pure grains and other things which please devatas-<blockquote>परैरग्राह्यमादिष्टं सर्वंश्श्लाघ्यं महाफलम्। देवानां प्रीतिजनक शुद्धद्रव्यप्रदायि तत्।।(1.238)</blockquote>Keeping away dependence on others, always yielding wealth, it provides for the guests, deities, and one’s own family-<blockquote>परातन्त्र्यहरं चैव नित्यम लक्ष्मीविलासकृतम्। तथातिथीनां देवानां स्वकुटुम्बस्य जीवदम्।। (1.239)</blockquote>Giving delight in several ways, the profession of farming is indeed praiseworthy. Any other livelihood involves dependence-<blockquote>नानाविधानन्दकरं कृषिकर्म प्रशस्यते। अतस्तदन्या वृत्तिस्तु पारतन्त्र्येण गुम्भिता ।।(1.240)</blockquote>The natural inclination of people towards agriculture pleases devatas and be nurtured with special effort as it sustains life of all living beings-<blockquote>कृषिप्रवृत्तिं सर्वेषां देवानां प्रीतिदायिनीम्। यत्नतो रक्षयेयुस्तां जीवानां जीवनप्रदाम्।। (1.244)</blockquote>Seers are of the opinion that farming activity should be planned and undertaken in every community, in every country, in every rural part, and in every tableland-<blockquote>वने जनपदे देशे क्षेत्रे ग्राम्ये भृगोस्तटे। कृषिप्रवृषत्तिं संकल्प्यां मन्यते हि मुनीश्वराः ।। (1.245)</blockquote>Sages of ancient times have pursued agricultural activities even on open yards of cottages with a view to benefit all beings-<blockquote>पुरातनैस्तु मुनिभिरुटजाङ्गणभूमिषु । कृषिकर्मकृतं लोके सर्वप्राणिहितार्थिभिः।। (1.246)</blockquote>Undertaking in agriculture is to be pursued by all great men of sharp intelligence to get permanent joy-<blockquote>अतः कृष्यादानमेतत् सर्वेः पुरुषपुङ्गवैः। सूक्ष्मधीभिरिहासेव्यं शाश्वतानन्दहेतवे।। (1.248)</blockquote>
Kashyapiyakrishi paddhati mentions that production of grains and other vegetation are the sole purpose of highest fulfilment of the earth. The rich earth full of vegetation is the cause of growth of living beings-<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>सस्यादिरेव मेदिन्याः परोधर्मः परं यशः। सस्यपूर्णा वसुमती प्राणिनां प्राणवर्धिनी।। (1.18)</blockquote>It further adds that it is the giver of all auspicious things, leading to the satisfaction of devatas especially with its perpetual power to produce grain and fountains of sweet water-<blockquote>सर्वमङ्गलदात्री च देवानां तुष्टिदायिनी। नित्यसस्या च मधुरजलस्रावा विशेषतः।। (1.19)</blockquote>Seers with divine insight eulogize agricultural business as the basis of sacrifice and as life giver of living beings-<blockquote>यज्ञानामपि चाधारः प्राणिनां जीवदायकम्। कृषिकर्म प्रशंसन्ति मुनयो दिव्यचक्षुसः।। (1.235)</blockquote>Men should exert and devote themselves to farming whether they get farmlands from a king or purchase one for themselves-<blockquote>नृपत् प्राप्तं स्वतःक्रीत सस्यक्षेत्रं तु मानवाः। संप्राप्य यत्नवन्तश्च कृषिकार्यकृतादराः ।। (1.236)</blockquote>They are said to please devatas and rshis. Of all wealth, agriculture is the highest wealth-<blockquote>देवानां च मुनीनां च मे मताः प्रीतिदायिनः। घनानामपि सर्वेषां कृषिरेव परं धनम्।। (1.237)</blockquote>As this wealth cannot be taken away by others, it is commended by everyone. Yielding profuse returns, it provides pure grains and other things which please devatas-<blockquote>परैरग्राह्यमादिष्टं सर्वंश्श्लाघ्यं महाफलम्। देवानां प्रीतिजनक शुद्धद्रव्यप्रदायि तत्।।(1.238)</blockquote>Keeping away dependence on others, always yielding wealth, it provides for the guests, deities, and one’s own family-<blockquote>परातन्त्र्यहरं चैव नित्यम लक्ष्मीविलासकृतम्। तथातिथीनां देवानां स्वकुटुम्बस्य जीवदम्।। (1.239)</blockquote>Giving delight in several ways, the profession of farming is indeed praiseworthy. Any other livelihood involves dependence-<blockquote>नानाविधानन्दकरं कृषिकर्म प्रशस्यते। अतस्तदन्या वृत्तिस्तु पारतन्त्र्येण गुम्भिता ।।(1.240)</blockquote>The natural inclination of people towards agriculture pleases devatas and be nurtured with special effort as it sustains life of all living beings-<blockquote>कृषिप्रवृत्तिं सर्वेषां देवानां प्रीतिदायिनीम्। यत्नतो रक्षयेयुस्तां जीवानां जीवनप्रदाम्।। (1.244)</blockquote>Seers are of the opinion that farming activity should be planned and undertaken in every community, in every country, in every rural part, and in every tableland-<blockquote>वने जनपदे देशे क्षेत्रे ग्राम्ये भृगोस्तटे। कृषिप्रवृषत्तिं संकल्प्यां मन्यते हि मुनीश्वराः ।। (1.245)</blockquote>Sages of ancient times have pursued agricultural activities even on open yards of cottages with a view to benefit all beings-<blockquote>पुरातनैस्तु मुनिभिरुटजाङ्गणभूमिषु । कृषिकर्मकृतं लोके सर्वप्राणिहितार्थिभिः।। (1.246)</blockquote>Undertaking in agriculture is to be pursued by all great men of sharp intelligence to get permanent joy-<blockquote>अतः कृष्यादानमेतत् सर्वेः पुरुषपुङ्गवैः। सूक्ष्मधीभिरिहासेव्यं शाश्वतानन्दहेतवे।। (1.248)</blockquote>
===कृषिपराशरः ॥ Krshi Parashara===
Krshiparashara has discussed the importance of agriculture. It says that even a learned Brahmin who is proficient in all the four Vedas, who recites Shastras and is intelligent, when is overpowered by Alakṣmī, is reduced to humiliation caused be begging for food with folded hands. And only through farming, one however ceases to be a suitor. By practicing agriculture alone one is bound to be bhupati (master of the earth). People even having surplus of gold, silver, jewels and garments have to solicit farmers as earnestly as a devotee would pray. People in spite of having gold ornaments in their necks, ears and hands have to suffer from hunger in absence of food. Food is life, food is also the strength, food is everything. The divinities, the demons, and all human beings depend on food for surviving. Food, verily, comes from grains and grains cannot be available without agriculture. Therefore, leaving everything else one should strive for farming. Blessed is agriculture, holy is agriculture, and agriculture is life of all living creatures (Krishiparasara 2.8)<ref name=":2" />
== References ==
== References ==
[[Category:Shastras]]
[[Category:Shastras]]
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