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Line 163: − + − Shabdakalpadruma<ref name=":1" /> + − पृथुरप्यवदद्वाक्यमीप्सितं देहि सुव्रते ! । सर्व्वस्य जगतः शीघ्रं स्थावरस्य चरस्य च ॥ तथैव चाब्रवीद्भूमिदुंदोह च नराधिपः । स्वे स्वे पाणौ पृथुर्वत्सं कृत्वा स्वायम्भुवं मनुम् ॥ तदन्नमभवत् शुद्धं प्रजा जीवन्ति तेन वै । ततस्तु ऋषिभिर्दुग्धा वत्सः सोमस्तदाभवत् ॥ दोग्धा बृहस्पतिरभूत् पात्रं वेदस्तपो रसः । वेदैश्च वसुधा दुग्धा दोग्धा मित्रस्तदाभवत् ॥ इन्द्रो वत्सः समभवत् क्षीरमूर्ज्जस्करं बलम् । देवानां काञ्चनं पात्रं पितॄणां राजतन्तदा ॥ अन्तकश्चाभवद्दोग्धा यमो वत्सः सुधारसः । अलावुपात्रं नागानां तक्षको वत्सकोऽभवत् ॥ विषं क्षीरं ततो दोग्धा धृतराष्ट्रोऽभवत् पुनः । असुरैरपि दुग्धेयमायसे शक्रपीडनीम् ॥ पात्रे मायामभूद्वत्सः प्रह्रादिश्च विरोचनः । दोग्धा द्बिमूर्द्धा तत्रासीन्माया येन प्रवर्त्तिताः ॥ यक्षैश्च वसुधा दुग्धा पुरान्तर्द्धानमीप्सुभिः । कृत्वा वैश्रवणं वत्समामपात्रे महीपते ! ॥ प्रेतरक्षोगणैर्दुग्धा धरा रुचिरमुल्वणम् । रौप्यलाभोऽभवद्दोग्धा सुमाली वत्स एव तु ॥ गन्धर्व्वैश्च पुनर्दुग्धा वसुधा चाप्सरोगणैः । वतसं चैत्ररथं कृत्वा गन्धान् पद्मदले तथा ॥ दोग्धा च सुरुचिर्नाम नाट्यवेदस्य पारगः । गिरिभिर्वसुधा दुग्धा रत्नानि विविधानि च ॥ औषधानि च दिव्यानि दोग्धा मेरुर्महाबलः । वत्सोऽभूद्धिमवांस्तत्र पात्रं शैलमयं पुनः ॥ वृक्षैश्च वसुधा दुग्धा क्षीरं छिन्नप्ररोहणम् । पालाशपात्रे दोग्धा तु सालः पुष्पदलाकुलः ॥ प्लक्षोऽभवत्ततो वत्सः सर्व्ववृक्षगणाधिपः । एवमन्यैश्च वसुधा तथा दुग्धा यथेप्सितम् ॥” इति मत्स्यपुराणे १० अध्यायः ॥ * ॥ अन्यद्विवरणं भूगोलशब्दे द्रष्टव्यम् ॥ + − The learned call the land Prthvi because she was milked by the old and righteous Raja Prthu.<ref name=":4" /> + − − दुहितृत्वङ्गता यस्मात् पृथौर्धर्म्मवतो मही। तदानुरागयोगाच्च पृथिवी विश्रुता बुधैः।। १०.३५ ।।<ref>Matsya Purana, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A6 Adhyaya 10]</ref> − − Note: Earth is called 'Go' because it appeared in the form of a cow when Prthu took his bow and arrow to destroy it.<ref name=":4" /> − − पृथ्वीदोहनम् ।<ref name=":4">Major B D Basu (1916), The Sacred Books of the Hindus ([https://shaivam.org/english/sen-purana-matsya-puranam-1.pdf Vol. 17, Part 1-The Matsya Puranam]), Allahabad: The Panini Office.</ref> − − The Matya Purana in Adhyaya 10 elaborates on how the earth came to be called 'Prthvi' and 'Gau' through the story of Raja Vena and Raja Prthu. − − − + − +
→व्युत्पत्तिः ॥ Etymology: Editing
<blockquote>प्रथते विस्तारं यातीति पृथिवी । पृथ्वी स्थूलत्वगुणयुक्ता । पृथोर्दुहितृत्वस्वीकारादेतन्नाम ।<ref name=":1" /> prathate vistāraṁ yātīti pr̥thivī । pr̥thvī sthūlatvaguṇayuktā । pr̥thorduhitr̥tvasvīkārādetannāma ।</blockquote>It is said that formerly, the grounds were not even, there were no divisions like villages and towns, no crops like rice or wheat, no agriculture, no cow-protection and no trade. People desired to live in places where the grounds were even. Then they lived on fruits, leaves and roots. But then came a time when everything was destroyed and people found it difficult to live. Therefore, Prthu, making Svayambhuva Manu as calf, milked all the plants from the earth for the welfare of his people. Even today, people live by what was milked then. And because he brought back life on Earth, Prthu became father of the earth and she got the name Prthvi.<ref>Vettam Mani (1975), Puranic Encyclopaedia, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. See: [https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft/page/608/mode/2up?view=theater Prthu milks the earth]</ref>
<blockquote>प्रथते विस्तारं यातीति पृथिवी । पृथ्वी स्थूलत्वगुणयुक्ता । पृथोर्दुहितृत्वस्वीकारादेतन्नाम ।<ref name=":1" /> prathate vistāraṁ yātīti pr̥thivī । pr̥thvī sthūlatvaguṇayuktā । pr̥thorduhitr̥tvasvīkārādetannāma ।</blockquote>It is said that formerly, the grounds were not even, there were no divisions like villages and towns, no crops like rice or wheat, no agriculture, no cow-protection and no trade. People desired to live in places where the grounds were even. Then they lived on fruits, leaves and roots. But then came a time when everything was destroyed and people found it difficult to live. Therefore, Prthu, making Svayambhuva Manu as calf, milked all the plants from the earth for the welfare of his people. Even today, people live by what was milked then. And because he brought back life on Earth, Prthu became father of the earth and she got the name Prthvi.<ref>Vettam Mani (1975), Puranic Encyclopaedia, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. See: [https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft/page/608/mode/2up?view=theater Prthu milks the earth]</ref>
=== पृथ्वीदोहनम् । ===
=== पृथ्वीदोहनम् ॥ Milking of the Earth ===
It is said that the learned call the earth Prthvi because she was milked by the righteous ruler Prthu.<ref name=":4">Major B D Basu (1916), The Sacred Books of the Hindus ([https://shaivam.org/english/sen-purana-matsya-puranam-1.pdf Vol. 17, Part 1-The Matsya Puranam]), Allahabad: The Panini Office.</ref><blockquote>दुहितृत्वङ्गता यस्मात् पृथौर्धर्म्मवतो मही। तदानुरागयोगाच्च पृथिवी विश्रुता बुधैः।। १०.३५ ।।<ref>Matsya Purana, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A6 Adhyaya 10]</ref>
duhitr̥tvaṅgatā yasmāt pr̥thaurdharmmavato mahī। tadānurāgayogācca pr̥thivī viśrutā budhaiḥ।। 10.35 ।।</blockquote>The Matya Purana in Adhyaya 10 elaborates on how the earth came to be called 'Prthvi' and 'Gau' through the story of Raja Vena and Raja Prthu.
Long time ago, there was an oppressive and extremely non-righteous ruler by the name Vena. He refused to heed to the good advice of the brahmanas who wished to bring about law and order and thereby got killed by their curse. Then, in order to avoid anarchy, the brahmanas churned the body of Raja Vena giving rise to Prthu who sprung out as a result of the good qualities of Vena's father, Prajapati Anga. Prthu was then anointed as the ruler while he continued to practice severe austerities and was eventually blessed by Bhagavan Vishnu who made him powerful and illustrous. However, Raja Prthu noticed the absence of Vedic rites on the earth and set out to destroy the earth with his arrow. It is then that the earth is known to have taken the form of a cow to flee. Thereby, gaining the name 'Gau'.
Long time ago, there was an oppressive and extremely non-righteous ruler by the name Vena. He refused to heed to the good advice of the brahmanas who wished to bring about law and order and thereby got killed by their curse. Then, in order to avoid anarchy, the brahmanas churned the body of Raja Vena giving rise Prthu who sprung out as a result of the good qualities of Vena's father, Prajapati Anga. Prthu was then anointed as the ruler while he continued to practice severe austerities and was eventually blessed by Bhagavan Vishnu making him powerful and illustrous. However, Raja Prthu noticed the absence of Vedic rites on the earth and set out to destroy the earth with his arrow. It is then that the earth is known to have taken the form of a cow to flee. Thereby, gaining the name Gau.
This story expresses a beautiful allegory wherein the righteous ruler Prthu envisioned the earth in the form of a cow (an important aspect of agricultural activity) that could give sweet milk, if milked properly. And thereby applied himself to the task of uplifting the degenerated. As the allegory continues, the cow could also represent the offenders whom the Raja is portrayed chasing before they crave for forgiveness, being overpowered by the sovereign who is also anxious to reclaim and uplift them. Therefore, the bow and arrow of the ruler here is like the stick in the hand of a cow's master that directs the footsteps of the animal.
This story expresses a beautiful allegory wherein the righteous ruler Prthu envisioned the earth in the form of a cow (an important aspect of agricultural activity) that could give sweet milk, if milked properly. And thereby applied himself to the task of uplifting the degenerated. As the allegory continues, the cow could also represent the offenders whom the Raja is portrayed chasing before they crave for forgiveness, being overpowered by the sovereign who is also anxious to reclaim and uplift them. Therefore, the bow and arrow of the ruler here is like the stick in the hand of a cow's master that directs the footsteps of the animal.
The Matsya Purana then states the different ways in which the earth was milked by different people beginning with Raja Prthu himself while the cow obliged them to cater to the needs of all beings as per Raja Prthu's request.
The Matsya Purana then states the different ways in which the earth was milked by different people beginning with Raja Prthu himself while the cow obliged them to cater to the needs of all beings as per Raja Prthu's request.<ref name=":4" />
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Metaphors in milking of the Earth
|+Metaphors in milking of the Earth<ref name=":4" />
!Who milked the cow ?
!Who milked the cow ?
!Calf
!Calf