Parishista (परिशिष्टम्)
Parishista (Devanagari: परिशिष्ट, "supplement, appendix") is the term applied to various ancillary works of Vedic literature dealing with details and elaborations not covered in the texts logically and chronologically prior to them: the Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Sutras.
Parisista works exist for each of the four Vedas. However, only the literature associated with the Atharvaveda is extensive.
Rigveda
The Āśvalāyana Gṛhya Pariśiṣṭa is a very late text associated with the Rigveda canon. It is a short text of three chapters expanding on domestic rites such as the daily sandhyopāsana and rites of passage such as marriage and śrāddha.[1]
Samaveda
The Gobhila Gṛhya Pariśiṣṭa,[2] ascribed to Gobhilaputra, is a concise metrical text of two chapters, with 113 and 95 verses respectively. Its subjects are covered in a manner clear to those who understand Vedic Sanskrit. The first chapter deals with physical aspects of sacred cosmic rituals e.g. names of the 37 types of sacred fires, the rules and measurements for the firewood, preparation of the holy site and the timings of each cosmic activity. The second chapter deals mainly with major domestic rites such as matrimony or Shrāddha (communication with ancestral beings). Noteworthy are injunctions such as that a girl should be given away in marriage before she attains puberty.[3]
A second short text, the Chāndogya Pariśiṣṭa[4] has roughly similar coverage.[5]
Yajurveda
Śukla (White)
The Kātiya Pariśiṣṭas, ascribed to Kātyāyana, consist of 18 works enumerated self-referentially in the fifth of the series (the Caraṇavyūha):[6] Six other works of parisista character are also traditionally ascribed to Kātyāyana, including a work of identical name (Pratijña) but different contents. How many of these 24 are actually due to Kātyāyana is dubious; in all probability, they were composed by different authors at different times, with the Pratijña and the Caraṇavyūha being among the latest as they mention the others.[7]
| Form and language of the Saṃhitā | Pratijña I(3), Anuvākasaṃkhya(4), Caraṇavyūha(5), Ṛgyajuṣa(8), Pārṣada(9), Pratijña II, Sarvānukrama, Yājñavalkyaśikṣā |
| Śrauta rituals | Yūpalakṣaṇa(1), Chāgalakṣaṇa(2), Śulba(7), Iṣṭakāpūraṇa(10), Pravarādhyāya(11), Mūlyādhyāya(12), Hautrika(16), Kūrmalakṣaṇa(18), Kratusaṁkhyā |
| Śrauta and Gṛhya | Nigama(14), Yajñapārśva(15), Mantrabhrāntihara Sūtra |
| Gṛhya rituals | Śrāddhasūtra(6), Uñchaśāstra{13), Śuklayajurvidhāna |
| Dharmaśāstra | Prasavotthāna(17) |
Kṛṣṇa (Black)
The Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda has 3 parisistas:[3]
- The Āpastamba Hautra Pariśiṣṭa, which is also found as the second praśna of the Satyasāḍha Śrauta Sūtra, specifies the duties of the Hotṛ priest in haviryajñas other than the darśapūrṇmāsa (New and Full Moon sacrifice).
- The Vārāha Śrauta Sūtra Pariśiṣṭa.
- The Kātyāyana Śrauta Sūtra Pariśiṣṭa.
Atharvaveda
For the Atharvaveda, there are 79 works, collected as 72 distinctly named parisistas.[9]
| 1 | Lore of the constellations |
| 2-19 | Royal ceremonies |
| 20-33 | Ritual |
| 34-36 | Magic |
| 37-40 | Ritual |
| 41-44 | Religious observances |
| 45-46 | Ritual |
| 47-48 | Phonetics and Lexicography |
| 49 | Vedic conspectus (the Caraṇavyūha) |
| 50-72 | Omens |
Notes
References
- BR Modak, The Ancillary Literature of the Atharva-Veda, New Delhi, Rashtriya Veda Vidya Pratishthan, 1993, ISBN 81-215-0607-7
- CG Kashikar, A Survey of the Śukla Yajurveda Pariśiṣṭas, Poona, Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute (Post-Graduate and Research Dept. Series #38), 1994
- SC Chakrabarti, "A Survey of the Śuklayajurveda Pariśiṣṭas by C.G. Kashikar", Journal of the Asiatic Society, Vol.XLVI, no.3, Kolkata, 2004, Template:ISSN