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Panchagni vidya or knowledge appears in the Chandogya Upanishad (Chapter 5 Mantras 3-10)<ref name=":0">Jha, Ganganatha. (1923). ''The Chandogya Upanishad and Sri Sankara's Commentary, Fourth Volume.'' Madras:The India Printing Works.</ref> and the Brhadaranyaka Upanishad (Chapter 6.2).  

Panchagni vidya or knowledge appears in the Chandogya Upanishad (Chapter 5 Mantras 3-10)<ref name=":0">Jha, Ganganatha. (1923). ''The Chandogya Upanishad and Sri Sankara's Commentary, Fourth Volume.'' Madras:The India Printing Works.</ref> and the Brhadaranyaka Upanishad (Chapter 6.2).  

The Chandogya Upanishad, which belongs to the Kauthuma Shakha (कौथुम-शाखा) of the [[Samaveda (सामवेदः)|Samaveda]], conceives the whole universal activity of creation as a kind of yajna where everything is connected; this sacrifice/knowledge is known as the Panchagni vidya.<ref name=":1">Narayanacharya, K. S. (2011). ''Veda Sanskritiya Parichaya, Part I''. Hubli:​Sahitya Prakashana​.</ref>

The Chandogya Upanishad, which belongs to the Kauthuma Shakha (कौथुम-शाखा) of the [[Samaveda (सामवेदः)|Samaveda]], conceives the whole universal activity of creation as a kind of yajna where everything is connected; this yajna/knowledge is known as the Panchagni vidya.<ref name=":1">Narayanacharya, K. S. (2011). ''Veda Sanskritiya Parichaya, Part I''. Hubli:​Sahitya Prakashana​.</ref>

==  Panchagni Tapas Vs Panchagnividya ==

==  Panchagni Tapas Vs Panchagnividya ==

[[Panchagni (पञ्चाग्नि)|Panchagni]] means 5 Agnis or fires. In vedic and puranic literature, Panchagni has been mentioned as a methodology used for performing severe austerities. There are many instances of tapas (तपस् | penance) for thousands of years, performed by different celestial beings including Kubera, Parvati and asuras such as  Mahishasura and Tarakasura (तारकासुरः), by standing or sitting in the midst of a set of five fires called Panchagni.   

[[Panchagni (पञ्चाग्नि)|Panchagni]] means 5 Agnis or fires. In vedic and puranic literature, Panchagni has been mentioned as a methodology used for performing severe austerities. There are many instances of tapas (तपस् | penance) for thousands of years, performed by different celestial beings including Kubera, Parvati and asuras such as  Mahishasura and Tarakasura (तारकासुरः), by standing or sitting in the midst of a set of five fires called Panchagni.   

<blockquote>पृथिवी वाव गौतमाग्निस्तस्याः संवत्सर एव समिदाकाशो धूमो रात्रिरर्चिर्दिशोऽङ्गारा अवान्तरदिशो  विस्फुलिङ्गाः || (Chan. Upan. 5.6.1)</blockquote><blockquote>pṛthivī vāva gautamāgnistasyāḥ saṃvatsara eva samidākāśo dhūmo rātrirarcirdiśo'ṅgārā avāntaradiśo visphuliṅgāḥ || (Chan. Upan. 5.6.1)</blockquote><blockquote>तस्मिन्नेतस्मिन्नग्नौ देवाः वर्षं जुहोति तस्या आहुतेरन्नँ संभवति || (Chan. Upan. 5.6.2)</blockquote><blockquote>tasminnetasminnagnau devāḥ varṣaṃ juhoti tasyā āhuterannam̐ saṃbhavati || (Chan. Upan. 5.6.2)</blockquote>Prthvi (Earth) is the Fire, Samvatsara (संवत्सरः | One year) is the firewood, the Sky is smoke, Nights are the flame, the Quarters or Directions are the embers and the Upadisha (उपदिशाः | sub-directions) are the sparks. The devatas offer Rain, created at the second stage as oblation into Prthvi. And from this fire,  Anna (अन्नम् | all that is consumable, related to the sensorial level) is born.   

<blockquote>पृथिवी वाव गौतमाग्निस्तस्याः संवत्सर एव समिदाकाशो धूमो रात्रिरर्चिर्दिशोऽङ्गारा अवान्तरदिशो  विस्फुलिङ्गाः || (Chan. Upan. 5.6.1)</blockquote><blockquote>pṛthivī vāva gautamāgnistasyāḥ saṃvatsara eva samidākāśo dhūmo rātrirarcirdiśo'ṅgārā avāntaradiśo visphuliṅgāḥ || (Chan. Upan. 5.6.1)</blockquote><blockquote>तस्मिन्नेतस्मिन्नग्नौ देवाः वर्षं जुहोति तस्या आहुतेरन्नँ संभवति || (Chan. Upan. 5.6.2)</blockquote><blockquote>tasminnetasminnagnau devāḥ varṣaṃ juhoti tasyā āhuterannam̐ saṃbhavati || (Chan. Upan. 5.6.2)</blockquote>Prthvi (Earth) is the Fire, Samvatsara (संवत्सरः | One year) is the firewood, the Sky is smoke, Nights are the flame, the Quarters or Directions are the embers and the Upadisha (उपदिशाः | sub-directions) are the sparks. The devatas offer Rain, created at the second stage as oblation into Prthvi. And from this fire,  Anna (अन्नम् | all that is consumable, related to the sensorial level) is born.   

Here, the sadhaka (साधकः | seeker) comprehends the descent to the earth, which is the sacrificial fire, into which the essence of time goes in as samidha (fuel). The third oblation is the reverberation at a much grosser level of the world.

Here, the sadhaka (साधकः | seeker) comprehends the descent to the earth, which is the yajnika agni, into which the essence of time goes in as samidha (fuel). The third oblation is the reverberation at a much grosser level of the world.

=== पुरुषः || Purusha ===

=== पुरुषः || Purusha ===

<blockquote>पुरुषो वाव गौतमाग्निस्तस्य वागेव समित्प्राणो धूमो जिह्वाऽर्चिश्र्वक्षुरङ्गाराः श्रोत्रं विस्फुलिङ्गाः || (Chan. Upan. 5.7.1)<ref name=":2" /></blockquote><blockquote>puruṣo vāva gautamāgnistasya vāgeva samitprāṇo dhūmo jihvā'rciśrvakṣuraṅgārāḥ śrotraṃ visphuliṅgāḥ || (Chan. Upan. 5.7.1)</blockquote><blockquote>तस्मिन्नेतस्मिन्नग्नौ देवाः अन्नं जुहोति तस्या आहुतेरेतः संभवति || (Chan. Upan. 5.7.2)<ref name=":2" /></blockquote><blockquote>tasminnetasminnagnau devāḥ annaṃ juhoti tasyā āhuteretaḥ saṃbhavati || (Chan. Upan. 5.7.2)</blockquote>In the fire called [[Purusha (पुरुषः)|Purusha]] (Cosmic Man), Vak (वाक् | power of speech) is the firewood, Prana (प्राणः) is smoke, the Tongue is the flame, the Eyes are embers and the Ears are the sparks. In the Purushagni (पुरुषाग्निः | personified fire), the devatas offer anna (अन्नम् | a grain) as the fourth oblation and from this appears Virya (वीर्यः | semen).  

<blockquote>पुरुषो वाव गौतमाग्निस्तस्य वागेव समित्प्राणो धूमो जिह्वाऽर्चिश्र्वक्षुरङ्गाराः श्रोत्रं विस्फुलिङ्गाः || (Chan. Upan. 5.7.1)<ref name=":2" /></blockquote><blockquote>puruṣo vāva gautamāgnistasya vāgeva samitprāṇo dhūmo jihvā'rciśrvakṣuraṅgārāḥ śrotraṃ visphuliṅgāḥ || (Chan. Upan. 5.7.1)</blockquote><blockquote>तस्मिन्नेतस्मिन्नग्नौ देवाः अन्नं जुहोति तस्या आहुतेरेतः संभवति || (Chan. Upan. 5.7.2)<ref name=":2" /></blockquote><blockquote>tasminnetasminnagnau devāḥ annaṃ juhoti tasyā āhuteretaḥ saṃbhavati || (Chan. Upan. 5.7.2)</blockquote>In the fire called [[Purusha (पुरुषः)|Purusha]] (Cosmic Man), Vak (वाक् | power of speech) is the firewood, Prana (प्राणः) is smoke, the Tongue is the flame, the Eyes are embers and the Ears are the sparks. In the Purushagni (पुरुषाग्निः | personified fire), the devatas offer anna (अन्नम् | a grain) as the fourth oblation and from this appears Virya (वीर्यः | semen).