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== परिचयः ॥ Introduction ==

== परिचयः ॥ Introduction ==

It is said that, <blockquote>नृयज्ञोऽतिथिपूजनम् | nr̥yajño'tithipūjanam । (Manu 3.70)<ref name=":0" /> </blockquote>Meaning : The honouring of Guests is ‘offering to men’ (Nru Yajna).<ref name=":1">Ganganath Jha (1920-39), Manusmrti ([https://ia801603.us.archive.org/33/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.46010/2015.46010.Manusmrti--Vol-4.pdf Vol.4]), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited.</ref>

It is said that, <blockquote>नृयज्ञोऽतिथिपूजनम् | nr̥yajño'tithipūjanam । (Manu. Smrt. 3.70)<ref name=":0" /> </blockquote>Meaning : The honouring of Guests is ‘offering to men’ (Nru Yajna).<ref name=":1">Ganganath Jha (1920-39), Manusmrti ([https://ia801603.us.archive.org/33/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.46010/2015.46010.Manusmrti--Vol-4.pdf Vol.4]), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited.</ref>

It refers to respectful reception of brahmanas<ref name=":2">Pt. Girija Prasad Dvivedi (1917), [https://archive.org/details/ManusmrtiHindiTranslationGirijaPrasadDvivediNavalKishore The Manusmriti], Lucknow: Naval Kishore Press.</ref> - ब्राह्म्यं हुतं द्विजाग्र्यार्चा | brāhmyaṁ hutaṁ dvijāgryārcāis |<ref name=":0">Manusmrti, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 3]</ref> Hence, it is also called Brahmya-huta. (Manu 3.74)

It refers to respectful reception of brahmanas<ref name=":2">Pt. Girija Prasad Dvivedi (1917), [https://archive.org/details/ManusmrtiHindiTranslationGirijaPrasadDvivediNavalKishore The Manusmriti], Lucknow: Naval Kishore Press.</ref> - ब्राह्म्यं हुतं द्विजाग्र्यार्चा | brāhmyaṁ hutaṁ dvijāgryārcāis |<ref name=":0">Manusmrti, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 3]</ref> Hence, it is also called Brahmya-huta. (Manu. Smrt. 3.74)

== नृयज्ञकर्माणि ॥ Constituents of Nru Yajna ==

== नृयज्ञकर्माणि ॥ Constituents of Nru Yajna ==

{{Main|Atithi Satkara (अतिथिसत्कारः)}}

{{Main|Atithi Satkara (अतिथिसत्कारः)}}

Amongst atithi satkara and bhikshadana, atithi satkara (अतिथिसत्कारः | taking care of guests) takes precedence. It is said, <blockquote>कृत्वैतद्बलिकर्मैवं अतिथिं पूर्वं आशयेत् । भिक्षां च भिक्षवे दद्याद्विधिवद्ब्रह्मचारिणे । । ३.९४ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>kr̥tvaitadbalikarmaivaṁ atithiṁ pūrvaṁ āśayet । bhikṣāṁ ca bhikṣave dadyādvidhivadbrahmacāriṇe । । 3.94 । ।</blockquote>Meaning: After having performed the Bali offering ([[Bhuta Yajna (भूतयज्ञः)|Bhuta Yajna]]), one should first honour guests and then give alms to an ascetic and a student according to the prescribed rules.<ref name=":2" />

Amongst atithi satkara and bhikshadana, atithi satkara (अतिथिसत्कारः | taking care of guests) takes precedence. It is said, <blockquote>कृत्वैतद्बलिकर्मैवं अतिथिं पूर्वं आशयेत् । भिक्षां च भिक्षवे दद्याद्विधिवद्ब्रह्मचारिणे । । ३.९४ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>kr̥tvaitadbalikarmaivaṁ atithiṁ pūrvaṁ āśayet । bhikṣāṁ ca bhikṣave dadyādvidhivadbrahmacāriṇe । । 3.94 । ।</blockquote>Meaning: After having performed the Bali offering ([[Bhuta Yajna (भूतयज्ञः)|Bhuta Yajna]]), one should first honour guests and then give alms to an ascetic and a student according to the prescribed rules. (Manu. Smrt. 3.94)<ref name=":2" />

Manusmrti also discusses in detail about

Manusmrti also discusses in detail about

* What are the things to be offered to a guest ?

* What are the things to be offered to a guest ?

* The Principles of hospitality, etc.

* The Principles of hospitality, etc.

And among the offerings, it is Annadana (अन्नदानम् | offering of food to the hungry) that is held in high regard in the Indian culture. It is said that,<blockquote>विद्यातपःसमृद्धेषु हुतं विप्रमुखाग्निषु । निस्तारयति दुर्गाच्च महतश्चैव किल्बिषात् । । ३.९८ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>vidyātapaḥsamr̥ddheṣu hutaṁ vipramukhāgniṣu । nistārayati durgācca mahataścaiva kilbiṣāt । । 3.98 । ।</blockquote>Meaning: An offering of food given to the fire in the form a Brahmana's mouth (vipra mukhagni), who is endowed with learning and austerities, saves one from great difficulties and sin.<ref name=":2" />

And among the offerings, it is Annadana (अन्नदानम् | offering of food to the hungry) that is held in high regard in the Indian culture. It is said that,<blockquote>विद्यातपःसमृद्धेषु हुतं विप्रमुखाग्निषु । निस्तारयति दुर्गाच्च महतश्चैव किल्बिषात् । । ३.९८ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>vidyātapaḥsamr̥ddheṣu hutaṁ vipramukhāgniṣu । nistārayati durgācca mahataścaiva kilbiṣāt । । 3.98 । ।</blockquote>Meaning: An offering of food given to the fire in the form a Brahmana's mouth (vipra mukhagni), who is endowed with learning and austerities, saves one from great difficulties and papa (पापम्). (Manu. Smrt. 3.98)<ref name=":2" />

=== भिक्षादानम् ॥ Giving Alms ===

=== भिक्षादानम् ॥ Giving Alms ===