Difference between revisions of "Jnana Vijnana Yoga (ज्ञानविज्ञानयोगः)"

From Dharmawiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Content added - to be edited)
(Edited)
Line 2: Line 2:
  
 
== परिचयः ॥ Introduction ==
 
== परिचयः ॥ Introduction ==
Sri Krishna in this chapter discusses about complete union with the Supreme being which is difficult to attain. He says, first of all, among many thousands of human beings, very few aspire for this union, and even among those who aspire for it, few reach the highest stage of realisation.
+
Sri Krishna in this chapter, discusses about complete union with the Supreme being which is difficult to attain. He says, first of all, among many thousands of human beings, very few aspire for this union, and even among those who aspire for it, few reach the highest stage of realisation.<ref name=":0">Swami Sivananda (2000), [https://holybooks-lichtenbergpress.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/BHAGAVAD-GITA-By-SRI-SWAMI-SIVANANDA.pdf Bhagavad Gita], Uttar Pradesh: The Divine Life Society, The Yoga of Wisdom and Realisation </ref>
  
Sri Krishna tells Arjuna that the supreme Godhead has to be realised in both its transcendent and immanent aspects. The Yogi who has reached this summit has nothing more to know.<ref>Swami Sivananda (2000), [https://holybooks-lichtenbergpress.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/BHAGAVAD-GITA-By-SRI-SWAMI-SIVANANDA.pdf Bhagavad Gita], Uttar Pradesh: The Divine Life Society, The Yoga of Wisdom and Realisation </ref>
+
== अध्यायसारः ॥ Summary of the Seventh Chapter ==
 +
It is said that, the supreme reality has to be realised in both its transcendent as well as immanent aspects. The previous chapters have already described the all-pervading static and infinite state of the Supreme being. Now, this chapter proceeds to explain the Universe as the manifestation of the Supreme reality. These manifestations are referred to as the supreme being's lower and higher Prakrtis. The lower Prakrti is made up of the five elements, mind, ego and intellect while the higher Prakrti is the life force that upholds the universe that activates it, causes its appearance and its final dissolution. Sri Krishna says, a Yogi who has reached the summit of realising the ultimate reality in both these (ie. saguna and nirguna) forms has nothing more to know.
  
== अध्यायसारः ॥ Summary of the Seventh Chapter ==
+
Sri Krishna also explains that whatever exists is nothing but Himself. He is the cause of both the manifestation of the universe as also the things within it. Just like gems are strung to a string, all things hold on to him. For, He is the substratum of everything. So is He the essence and the substance itself, whether visible or invisible. At the same time, He transcends everything. For, although everything is in Him, He himself is actionless. Prakrti which is Trigunatmika - made up of three gunas namely, Sattva, Rajas and Tamas, deludes the soul and makes it forget that its true nature is being one with the Supreme. This delusion, termed as Maya, can only be removed by the Grace of the Supreme being.
The previous chapters have already described the all-pervading static and infinite state of the Supreme being. This chapter proceeds to explain the Universe as the manifestation of the Supreme reality. He speaks of these manifestations as His lower and higher Prakritis. The lower Prakriti is made up of the five elements, mind, ego and intellect. The higher Prakriti is the life-element which upholds the universe, activates it and causes its appearance and final dissolution.
 
  
Krishna says that whatever exists is nothing but Himself. He is the cause of the appearance of the universe and all things in it. Everything is strung on Him like clusters of gems on a string. He is the essence, substance and substratum of everything, whether visible or invisible. Although everything is in Him, yet He transcends everything as the actionless Self. Prakriti or Nature is made up of the three Gunas or qualities—Sattwa, Rajas and Tamas. These three qualities delude the soul and make it forget its true nature, which is one with God. This delusion, termed Maya, can only be removed by the Grace of the Lord Himself.
+
It is enumerated further that there are different forms of devotion. One is that which leads to union with the Supreme reality in His static as also with His dynamic Prakriti which has been explained thus far. But, there are also others that are inferior on account of being performed with various motives.  
  
Thus far Arjuna has been taught the highest form of devotion, which leads to union with God in His static aspect as also with His dynamic Prakriti. Krishna tells him that there are also other forms of devotion which are inferior as they are performed with various motives. The distressed, the seeker of divine wisdom, and he who desires wealth, worship Him, as also the wise. Of these the Lord deems the wise as dearest to Him. Such a devotee loves the Lord for the sake of pure love alone. Whatever form the devotee worships, the ultimate goal is the Lord Himself. The Lord accepts such worship, knowing that it is directed to Him only.
+
Just as there are different forms of devotion so are there different people in the path of worship. Those who are distressed, seek divine wisdom, desire wealth; all of them worship Him. So do the wise too. However, of these, the Supreme being deems the wise as dearest to Him. Because a wise person loves the Lord for the sake of pure love alone. Whatever may be the form he worships, the ultimate goal is attaining the Lord Himself. Such is the worship acceptable to Lord. For, it is directed only towards Him.<ref name=":0" />
 
[[Category:Bhagavad Gita]]
 
[[Category:Bhagavad Gita]]
 
[[Category:Prasthana Trayi]]
 
[[Category:Prasthana Trayi]]

Revision as of 11:50, 30 August 2018

Jnana Vijnana Yoga (Samskrit: ज्ञानविज्ञानयोगः) is the name commonly given to the seventh chapter of the Bhagavad Gita. This chapter stresses on realizing both the saguna (immanent) as well as nirguna (transcendent) aspects of the Supreme reality.

परिचयः ॥ Introduction

Sri Krishna in this chapter, discusses about complete union with the Supreme being which is difficult to attain. He says, first of all, among many thousands of human beings, very few aspire for this union, and even among those who aspire for it, few reach the highest stage of realisation.[1]

अध्यायसारः ॥ Summary of the Seventh Chapter

It is said that, the supreme reality has to be realised in both its transcendent as well as immanent aspects. The previous chapters have already described the all-pervading static and infinite state of the Supreme being. Now, this chapter proceeds to explain the Universe as the manifestation of the Supreme reality. These manifestations are referred to as the supreme being's lower and higher Prakrtis. The lower Prakrti is made up of the five elements, mind, ego and intellect while the higher Prakrti is the life force that upholds the universe that activates it, causes its appearance and its final dissolution. Sri Krishna says, a Yogi who has reached the summit of realising the ultimate reality in both these (ie. saguna and nirguna) forms has nothing more to know.

Sri Krishna also explains that whatever exists is nothing but Himself. He is the cause of both the manifestation of the universe as also the things within it. Just like gems are strung to a string, all things hold on to him. For, He is the substratum of everything. So is He the essence and the substance itself, whether visible or invisible. At the same time, He transcends everything. For, although everything is in Him, He himself is actionless. Prakrti which is Trigunatmika - made up of three gunas namely, Sattva, Rajas and Tamas, deludes the soul and makes it forget that its true nature is being one with the Supreme. This delusion, termed as Maya, can only be removed by the Grace of the Supreme being.

It is enumerated further that there are different forms of devotion. One is that which leads to union with the Supreme reality in His static as also with His dynamic Prakriti which has been explained thus far. But, there are also others that are inferior on account of being performed with various motives.

Just as there are different forms of devotion so are there different people in the path of worship. Those who are distressed, seek divine wisdom, desire wealth; all of them worship Him. So do the wise too. However, of these, the Supreme being deems the wise as dearest to Him. Because a wise person loves the Lord for the sake of pure love alone. Whatever may be the form he worships, the ultimate goal is attaining the Lord Himself. Such is the worship acceptable to Lord. For, it is directed only towards Him.[1]

Verses

ॐ श्रीपरमात्मने नमः  अथ सप्तमोऽध्यायः

श्रीभगवानुवाच

मय्यासक्तमनाः पार्थ योगं युञ्जन्मदाश्रयः । असंशयं समग्रं मां यथा ज्ञास्यसि तच्छृणु ॥७- १॥

ज्ञानं तेऽहं सविज्ञानमिदं वक्ष्याम्यशेषतः । यज्ज्ञात्वा नेह भूयोऽन्यज्ज्ञातव्यमवशिष्यते ॥७- २॥

मनुष्याणां सहस्रेषु कश्चिद्यतति सिद्धये । यततामपि सिद्धानां कश्चिन्मां वेत्ति तत्त्वतः ॥७- ३॥

भूमिरापोऽनलो वायुः खं मनो बुद्धिरेव च । अहंकार इतीयं मे भिन्ना प्रकृतिरष्टधा ॥७- ४॥

अपरेयमितस्त्वन्यां प्रकृतिं विद्धि मे पराम् । जीवभूतां महाबाहो ययेदं धार्यते जगत् ॥७- ५॥

एतद्योनीनि भूतानि सर्वाणीत्युपधारय । अहं कृत्स्नस्य जगतः प्रभवः प्रलयस्तथा ॥७- ६॥

मत्तः परतरं नान्यत्किंचिदस्ति धनंजय । मयि सर्वमिदं प्रोतं सूत्रे मणिगणा इव ॥७- ७॥

रसोऽहमप्सु कौन्तेय प्रभास्मि शशिसूर्ययोः । प्रणवः सर्ववेदेषु शब्दः खे पौरुषं नृषु ॥७- ८॥

पुण्यो गन्धः पृथिव्यां च तेजश्चास्मि विभावसौ । जीवनं सर्वभूतेषु तपश्चास्मि तपस्विषु ॥७- ९॥

बीजं मां सर्वभूतानां विद्धि पार्थ सनातनम् । बुद्धिर्बुद्धिमतामस्मि तेजस्तेजस्विनामहम् ॥७- १०॥

बलं बलवतां चाहं कामरागविवर्जितम् । धर्माविरुद्धो भूतेषु कामोऽस्मि भरतर्षभ ॥७- ११॥

ये चैव सात्त्विका भावा राजसास्तामसाश्च ये । मत्त एवेति तान्विद्धि न त्वहं तेषु ते मयि ॥७- १२॥

त्रिभिर्गुणमयैर्भावैरेभिः सर्वमिदं जगत् । मोहितं नाभिजानाति मामेभ्यः परमव्ययम् ॥७- १३॥

दैवी ह्येषा गुणमयी मम माया दुरत्यया । मामेव ये प्रपद्यन्ते मायामेतां तरन्ति ते ॥७- १४॥

न मां दुष्कृतिनो मूढाः प्रपद्यन्ते नराधमाः । माययापहृतज्ञाना आसुरं भावमाश्रिताः ॥७- १५॥

चतुर्विधा भजन्ते मां जनाः सुकृतिनोऽर्जुन । आर्तो जिज्ञासुरर्थार्थी ज्ञानी च भरतर्षभ ॥७- १६॥

तेषां ज्ञानी नित्ययुक्त एकभक्तिर्विशिष्यते । प्रियो हि ज्ञानिनोऽत्यर्थमहं स च मम प्रियः ॥७- १७॥

उदाराः सर्व एवैते ज्ञानी त्वात्मैव मे मतम् । आस्थितः स हि युक्तात्मा मामेवानुत्तमां गतिम् ॥७- १८॥

बहूनां जन्मनामन्ते ज्ञानवान्मां प्रपद्यते । वासुदेवः सर्वमिति स महात्मा सुदुर्लभः ॥७- १९॥

कामैस्तैस्तैर्हृतज्ञानाः प्रपद्यन्तेऽन्यदेवताः । तं तं नियममास्थाय प्रकृत्या नियताः स्वया ॥७- २०॥

यो यो यां यां तनुं भक्तः श्रद्धयार्चितुमिच्छति । तस्य तस्याचलां श्रद्धां तामेव विदधाम्यहम् ॥७- २१॥

स तया श्रद्धया युक्तस्तस्याराधनमीहते । लभते च ततः कामान्मयैव विहितान्हि तान् ॥७- २२॥

अन्तवत्तु फलं तेषां तद्भवत्यल्पमेधसाम् । देवान्देवयजो यान्ति मद्भक्ता यान्ति मामपि ॥७- २३॥

अव्यक्तं व्यक्तिमापन्नं मन्यन्ते मामबुद्धयः । परं भावमजानन्तो ममाव्ययमनुत्तमम् ॥७- २४॥

नाहं प्रकाशः सर्वस्य योगमायासमावृतः । मूढोऽयं नाभिजानाति लोको मामजमव्ययम् ॥७- २५॥

वेदाहं समतीतानि वर्तमानानि चार्जुन । भविष्याणि च भूतानि मां तु वेद न कश्चन ॥७- २६॥

इच्छाद्वेषसमुत्थेन द्वन्द्वमोहेन भारत । सर्वभूतानि संमोहं सर्गे यान्ति परन्तप ॥७- २७॥

येषां त्वन्तगतं पापं जनानां पुण्यकर्मणाम् । ते द्वन्द्वमोहनिर्मुक्ता भजन्ते मां दृढव्रताः ॥७- २८॥

जरामरणमोक्षाय मामाश्रित्य यतन्ति ये । ते ब्रह्म तद्विदुः कृत्स्नमध्यात्मं कर्म चाखिलम् ॥७- २९॥

साधिभूताधिदैवं मां साधियज्ञं च ये विदुः । प्रयाणकालेऽपि च मां ते विदुर्युक्तचेतसः ॥७- ३०॥

ॐ तत्सदिति श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतासूपनिषत्सु ब्रह्मविद्यायां योगशास्त्रे श्रीकृष्णार्जुनसंवादे ज्ञानविज्ञानयोगो नाम सप्तमोऽध्यायः ॥ ७ ॥

  1. 1.0 1.1 Swami Sivananda (2000), Bhagavad Gita, Uttar Pradesh: The Divine Life Society, The Yoga of Wisdom and Realisation