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== वैद्यानां सुसिद्धा वृत्तिः॥ Right Attitude of a Physician ==

== वैद्यानां सुसिद्धा वृत्तिः॥ Right Attitude of a Physician ==

Ayurveda is a part of vedic literature. Although it is a system of medical knowledge, it maintains its sacred nature by advising a vaidya to always maintain the purity of his mind, body and emotions while treating any rogi (patient). Acharya Bhvamishra in Bhavaprakasha samhita dedicates few lines of verses to dictate how an attitude of a vaidya should be during chikitsa. He says that, a vaidya should never make a business of his service. <blockquote>नैव कुर्वीत लोभेन चिकित्सापुण्यविक्रयम् | ईश्वराणां वसुमतां लिप्सेतार्थं तु वृत्तये ||</blockquote><blockquote>चिकित्सितं शरीरं यो न निष्क्रीणाति दुर्मतिः | स यत्करोति सुकृतं सर्वं तद्भिषगश्नुते || </blockquote><blockquote>न देशो मनुजैर्हीनो न मुनष्या निरामयाः | ततः सर्वत्र वैद्यानां सुसिद्धा एव वृत्तयः || (Bhav. Samh. 1.38-40)<ref>Bhavapraksha Samhita (Purvakhanda 1.38-40)</ref></blockquote>Meaning:  

Ayurveda is a part of vedic literature. Although it is a system of medical knowledge, it maintains its sacred nature by advising a vaidya to always maintain the purity of his mind, body and emotions while treating any rogi (patient). Acharya Bhvamishra in Bhavaprakasha samhita dedicates few lines of verses to dictate how an attitude of a vaidya should be during chikitsa. He says that, a vaidya should never make a business of his seva (सेवा | selfless service). <blockquote>नैव कुर्वीत लोभेन चिकित्सापुण्यविक्रयम् | ईश्वराणां वसुमतां लिप्सेतार्थं तु वृत्तये ||</blockquote><blockquote>चिकित्सितं शरीरं यो न निष्क्रीणाति दुर्मतिः | स यत्करोति सुकृतं सर्वं तद्भिषगश्नुते || </blockquote><blockquote>न देशो मनुजैर्हीनो न मुनष्या निरामयाः | ततः सर्वत्र वैद्यानां सुसिद्धा एव वृत्तयः || (Bhav. Samh. 1.38-40)<ref>Bhavapraksha Samhita (Purvakhanda 1.38-40)</ref></blockquote>Meaning:  

== चिकित्सा चतुष्पादाः॥ Four Components of Chikitsa  ==

== चिकित्सा चतुष्पादाः॥ Four Components of Chikitsa  ==

This is the unique concept in theory of Ayurveda medicine. This concept highlights the critical role of 4 components for being any appropriately administered treatment a success. A Vaidya, Paricharaka, Rogi and Dravyam are those 4 components which when possess all desired qualities, become the 4 pillars of a successful treatment. Their importance is such recognized that, the word 'Chikitsa' is also defined on this basis and these 4 components are called 'Ckikitsa Chatushpadas' i.e. 4 pillars of chikitsa.<blockquote>चतुर्णां भिषगादीनां शस्तानां धातुवैकृते| प्रवृत्तिर्धातुसाम्यार्था चिकित्सेत्यभिधीयते||</blockquote><blockquote>caturṇāṁ bhiṣagādīnāṁ śastānāṁ dhātuvaikr̥tē| pravr̥ttirdhātusāmyārthā cikitsētyabhidhīyatē|</blockquote>Meaning: Employment of all the excellent four – physician etc. – in case of disorder of dhatu with the objective of (re-establishing) their equilibrium is called “Therapeutics”

This is the unique concept in theory of Ayurveda medicine. This concept highlights the critical role of 4 components for being any appropriately administered treatment a success. A Vaidya, Paricharaka, Rogi and Dravyam are those 4 components which when possess all desired qualities, become the 4 pillars of a successful treatment. Their importance is such recognized that, the word 'Chikitsa' is also defined on this basis and these 4 components are called 'Chikitsa Chatushpadas' i.e. 4 pillars of chikitsa.<blockquote>चतुर्णां भिषगादीनां शस्तानां धातुवैकृते| प्रवृत्तिर्धातुसाम्यार्था चिकित्सेत्यभिधीयते||</blockquote><blockquote>caturṇāṁ bhiṣagādīnāṁ śastānāṁ dhātuvaikr̥tē| pravr̥ttirdhātusāmyārthā cikitsētyabhidhīyatē|</blockquote>Meaning: Employment of all the excellent four – physician etc. – in case of disorder of dhatu with the objective of (re-establishing) their equilibrium is called “Therapeutics”

== चिकित्साभेदाः॥ Types of chikitsa ==

== चिकित्साभेदाः॥ Types of chikitsa ==

=== Three Basic Types of Chikitsa ===

=== Three Basic Types of Chikitsa ===

==== दैवव्यपाश्रया चिकित्सा॥ Daiva Vyappashraya Chikitsa ====

==== दैवव्यपाश्रया चिकित्सा॥ Daiva Vyapashraya Chikitsa ====

Daivavyapashraya chikitsa (Divine therapy) includes chanting of mantras, wearing the Aushadha and performances of homas. Daivavyapashraya chikitsa largely revives normal functioning of Sattva and removes obstacles of Rajas. It is not in common use now a days.  

Daivavyapashraya chikitsa (Divine therapy) includes chanting of mantras, wearing the Aushadha and performances of homas. Daivavyapashraya chikitsa largely revives normal functioning of Sattva and removes obstacles of Rajas. It is not in common use now a days.  

(TBE)The term „Daiva‟ essentially refers to, belonging to divine, celestial, to the action of past life. So this therapy is designed to exhaust evil acts of the past to combat Daivikruta diseases. The word „Vyapashraya‟ refers to depending on taking refugewith, having recourse. Daivavyapashraya is literally translated to mean any therapy that depends on or linked to Daiva or unknown. As a matter of fact, Daivavyapashraya is concerned with all the unknown circumstance, which is beyond the purview of reasoning. Hence this treatment is often referred to as spiritual therapy. Some of the measures are concerned with religious rituals like benedictions and offerings. Hence the term magicoreligious practice has aptly been applied. „Occult practice‟, „Faith practices‟ are terms which are generally employed to suggest this “Daiva Vyapashraya‟ treatment. In Atharvaveda and Kousitski Sutra, the two authentic sources of this therapy, many „occult‟ method have been described to deal with demons and with crafts because Atharvans were the first to establish relation between demons and diseases.   

(TBE)The term „Daiva‟ essentially refers to, belonging to divine, celestial, to the action of past life. So this therapy is designed to exhaust evil acts of the past to combat Daivikruta diseases. The word „Vyapashraya‟ refers to depending on taking refugewith, having recourse. Daivavyapashraya is literally translated to mean any therapy that depends on or linked to Daiva or unknown. As a matter of fact, Daivavyapashraya is concerned with all the unknown circumstance, which is beyond the purview of reasoning. Hence this treatment is often referred to as adhyatmik therapy. Some of the measures are concerned with religious rituals like benedictions and offerings. Hence the term magicoreligious practice has aptly been applied. „Occult practice‟, „Faith practices‟ are terms which are generally employed to suggest this “Daiva Vyapashraya‟ treatment. In Atharvaveda and Kousitski Sutra, the two authentic sources of this therapy, many „occult‟ method have been described to deal with demons and with crafts because Atharvans were the first to establish relation between demons and diseases.   

The methods adopted by Charaka as a part of Daiva Vyapashraya treatment are 1. Mantra (Hymns) 2. Aushadha (Amulets, Talisman) 3. Mani (Wearing of gems) 4. Mangala (Auspicious ceremony) 5. Bali (Offering to god) 6. Upahara (Gift) 7. Homa(Oblations) 8. Niyamana (Observance of scriptural rules) 9. Prayascita (Atonement) 10. Upavasa (Fasting) 11. Svastyayana (Chanting of auspicious, Hymns) 12. Pranipata (Observance to the god) 13. Gamana (Going to pilgrimage). <ref name=":1">Rajput PV, Mamidi P. SATVAVJAY & DAIVAVYAPASHRAY CHIKITSA: BOON TO MANAS VIKARAS. WJPPS, 2018;  7 (7): 1456-61</ref>  

The methods adopted by Charaka as a part of Daiva Vyapashraya treatment are 1. Mantra (Hymns) 2. Aushadha (Amulets, Talisman) 3. Mani (Wearing of gems) 4. Mangala (Auspicious ceremony) 5. Bali (Offering to god) 6. Upahara (Gift) 7. Homa(Oblations) 8. Niyamana (Observance of scriptural rules) 9. Prayascita (Atonement) 10. Upavasa (Fasting) 11. Svastyayana (Chanting of auspicious, Hymns) 12. Pranipata (Observance to the god) 13. Gamana (Going to pilgrimage). <ref name=":1">Rajput PV, Mamidi P. SATVAVJAY & DAIVAVYAPASHRAY CHIKITSA: BOON TO MANAS VIKARAS. WJPPS, 2018;  7 (7): 1456-61</ref>  

==== सत्त्वावजय चिकित्सा॥ Sattvavajava Chikitsa ====

==== सत्त्वावजय चिकित्सा॥ Sattvavajaya Chikitsa ====

It is specially useful for the mental diseases and it consists of Manonigraha i.e. control of mind.

It is specially useful for the mental diseases and it consists of Manonigraha i.e. control of mind.