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Bahupurushavada (बहुपुरुषवादः) (view source)
Revision as of 15:56, 3 November 2018
, 15:56, 3 November 2018→वैशषिक ॥ Vaiseshika Darshana
<blockquote>आत्मशरीरेन्द्रियार्थबुद्धिमनःप्रवृत्तिदोषप्रेत्यभावफलदुःखापवर्गाः तु प्रमेयम्।। (Nyay. Dars. 1.1.9)<ref>Nyaya Sutras by Gautama Maharshi ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 1 Prathamabhaga])</ref></blockquote>According to the Vatsayana's Bhasyam of Gautama Nyayasutras, one of the qualities of Atma is that it is Bhokta (भोक्ता). It should be noted that Bhoktrutva bhava is explained only when atleast two entities (dvaita) exists. Thus Nyaya siddhanta also accepts Bahupurushavada indirectly <blockquote>तत्राऽऽत्मा सर्वस्य द्रष्टा, सर्वस्य भोक्ता, सर्वज्ञः, सर्वानुभवकः । तस्य भोगाऽऽयतनं शरीरम् । भोगसाधनानीन्द्रियाणि । <ref>Pt. Ashubodha Vidya Bhushan and Nityabodha Vidyaratna. (Reprint in 2000) ''[https://archive.org/details/187518347NyayaDarshanWithVatsyayanaBhashyaWithTheVrittiOfVishwanathAshubodhaVidy_20180125/page/n29 Nyaya Darshana with Vatsayana Bhasyam and Vritti of Viswanatha.]'' Delhi, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Prasthan.</ref></blockquote>The substratum (base) of Atma is Sharira (body) and because there are many bodies it can be considered that Atmas are also many in number.
<blockquote>आत्मशरीरेन्द्रियार्थबुद्धिमनःप्रवृत्तिदोषप्रेत्यभावफलदुःखापवर्गाः तु प्रमेयम्।। (Nyay. Dars. 1.1.9)<ref>Nyaya Sutras by Gautama Maharshi ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 1 Prathamabhaga])</ref></blockquote>According to the Vatsayana's Bhasyam of Gautama Nyayasutras, one of the qualities of Atma is that it is Bhokta (भोक्ता). It should be noted that Bhoktrutva bhava is explained only when atleast two entities (dvaita) exists. Thus Nyaya siddhanta also accepts Bahupurushavada indirectly <blockquote>तत्राऽऽत्मा सर्वस्य द्रष्टा, सर्वस्य भोक्ता, सर्वज्ञः, सर्वानुभवकः । तस्य भोगाऽऽयतनं शरीरम् । भोगसाधनानीन्द्रियाणि । <ref>Pt. Ashubodha Vidya Bhushan and Nityabodha Vidyaratna. (Reprint in 2000) ''[https://archive.org/details/187518347NyayaDarshanWithVatsyayanaBhashyaWithTheVrittiOfVishwanathAshubodhaVidy_20180125/page/n29 Nyaya Darshana with Vatsayana Bhasyam and Vritti of Viswanatha.]'' Delhi, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Prasthan.</ref></blockquote>The substratum (base) of Atma is Sharira (body) and because there are many bodies it can be considered that Atmas are also many in number.
=== वैशषिक ॥ Vaiseshika Darshana ===
=== वैशषिकम् ॥ Vaiseshika Darshana ===
Prashastapada bhasyam, a valuable text explaining Kanada Maharshi's Vaiseshika sutras, while defining the qualities of Atma mentions
Prashastapada bhasyam, a valuable text explaining Kanada Maharshi's Vaiseshika sutras, while defining the qualities of Atma mentions
Manyness or Plurality of Atma is indicated by the mention of Number (संख्या), Dimension (परिमाण), Separateness (पृथक्त्वम् separateness due to delineation, restriction), Samyoga (संयोग । Conjunction) and Vibhaga (विभागः । Disjunction).<ref>Pt. Ganganath Jha. (1916) ''[https://archive.org/details/prashastapadabhashya/page/n82 The Padartha Dharmasangraha of Prashastapada with the Nyayakandali of Sridhara.]'' Benares : E. J. Lazarus and Co.</ref>
Manyness or Plurality of Atma is indicated by the mention of Number (संख्या), Dimension (परिमाण), Separateness (पृथक्त्वम् separateness due to delineation, restriction), Samyoga (संयोग । Conjunction) and Vibhaga (विभागः । Disjunction).<ref>Pt. Ganganath Jha. (1916) ''[https://archive.org/details/prashastapadabhashya/page/n82 The Padartha Dharmasangraha of Prashastapada with the Nyayakandali of Sridhara.]'' Benares : E. J. Lazarus and Co.</ref>
॥ Uttara Mimamsa (Vedanta Darshana)
=== वेदान्तम् ॥ Vedanta Darshana (Uttara Mimamsa) ===
<blockquote>जगदुव्यापारवर्जम् प्रकरणात् असन्निहितत्वाच्च ॥ ''jagaduvyāpāravarjam prakaraṇāt asannihikatvācca'' (4.4.17)<ref>Brahmasutras ([<nowiki>http://estudantedavedanta.net/Brahma%20Sutras%20-%20According%20to%20Sri%20Sankara%20by%20Swami%20Vireswarananda%20</nowiki>[Sanskrit-English].pdf 4.4.17])</ref></blockquote>The muktatma (released atma) attains all Ishvariya powers except the power of creation, maintenance of srishti and pralaya (जगदुव्यापारः) on account of Isvara being the subject matter of all texts where creation etc are described and the muktatma not being mentioned in that connection.
जगदुव्यापारवर्जम् प्रकरणात् असन्निहिकत्वाच्च ॥ ''jagaduvyāpāravarjam prakaraṇāt asannihikatvācca'' (4.4.17)<ref>Brahmasutras ([http://estudantedavedanta.net/Brahma%20Sutras%20-%20According%20to%20Sri%20Sankara%20by%20Swami%20Vireswarananda%20[Sanskrit-English].pdf 4.4.17])</ref>
The muktatma (released atma) attains all Ishvariya powers except the power of creation and maintenance of srishti (जगदुव्यापारः) and pralaya.
== References ==
== References ==