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Mahavakyas (महावाक्यानि) (view source)
Revision as of 18:04, 16 January 2018
, 18:04, 16 January 2018Added Third Mahavakya
'Ayam' means 'this,' and here 'this-ness' refers to the self-luminous and non-mediate nature of the Self, which is internal to everything, from the Ahamkara or ego down to the physical body. This Self is Brahman, which is the substance out of which all thins are really made. That which is everywhere, is also within us, and what is within us is everywhere. This is called `Brahman,' because it is plenum (poorna; पूर्ण), fills all space, expands into all existence, and is vast beyond all measure of perception or knowledge. On account of self-luminosity, non-relativity and universality, Atman and Brahman are the same. This identification of the Self with Absolute is not any act of bringing together two differing natures, but is an affirmation that absoluteness or universality includes everything, and there is nothing outside it.'<ref name=":0" />
'Ayam' means 'this,' and here 'this-ness' refers to the self-luminous and non-mediate nature of the Self, which is internal to everything, from the Ahamkara or ego down to the physical body. This Self is Brahman, which is the substance out of which all thins are really made. That which is everywhere, is also within us, and what is within us is everywhere. This is called `Brahman,' because it is plenum (poorna; पूर्ण), fills all space, expands into all existence, and is vast beyond all measure of perception or knowledge. On account of self-luminosity, non-relativity and universality, Atman and Brahman are the same. This identification of the Self with Absolute is not any act of bringing together two differing natures, but is an affirmation that absoluteness or universality includes everything, and there is nothing outside it.'<ref name=":0" />
=== ''Tat tvam asi'' ''(तत् त्वम् असि)''<ref name=":0" /> ===
''(''[[Chaandogya Upanishad (छान्दोग्य उपनिषद्)|Chaandogya Upanishad]], 6:8:7, [[Samaveda (सामवेद)|Samaveda]])
Literal Meaning: That you are
This Mahavakya occurs in the [[Chaandogya Upanishad (छान्दोग्य उपनिषद्)|Chaandogya Upanishad.]] Sage Uddalaka mentions this nine times, while instructing his disciple Svetaketu in the nature of reality. That which is one alone without a second, without name and form, and which existed before creation as well as after creation, as pure Existence alone, is what is referred to as ''Tat'' or That. The term ''tvam'' stands for that which is transcendent to the intellect, mind, senses etc., and is the real 'I' of the student addressed in the teaching. The union of ''Tat'' and ''tvam'' is by the term a''si'' , which means are. That Reality is remote is a misconception, which is removed by the instruction that it is within one's own self. The thh.at:ar within one's own self. he erroneous notion that the Self is limited is dispelle by'tthis instruction that it is the sane -ne as Reality
Though there are many Mahavakyas, four of them, one from each of the four [[Vedas]], are often mentioned as "the Mahavakyas".{{sfn|Saraswati|1995|p=4}} According to the Vedanta-tradition, the subject matter and the essence of all Upanishads is the same, and all the Upanishadic Mahavakyas express this one universal message in the form of terse and concise statements.{{citation needed|date=March 2013}} In later Sanskrit usage, the term ''mahāvākya'' came to mean "discourse", and specifically, discourse on a philosophically lofty topic.<ref group="web">[http://www.lisindia.net/Sanskrit/Sanskrit_struct.html Sanskrit Structure]</ref>
Though there are many Mahavakyas, four of them, one from each of the four [[Vedas]], are often mentioned as "the Mahavakyas".{{sfn|Saraswati|1995|p=4}} According to the Vedanta-tradition, the subject matter and the essence of all Upanishads is the same, and all the Upanishadic Mahavakyas express this one universal message in the form of terse and concise statements.{{citation needed|date=March 2013}} In later Sanskrit usage, the term ''mahāvākya'' came to mean "discourse", and specifically, discourse on a philosophically lofty topic.<ref group="web">[http://www.lisindia.net/Sanskrit/Sanskrit_struct.html Sanskrit Structure]</ref>