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== परिचय || Introduction ==

== परिचय || Introduction ==

Understanding vedic literature itself developed into many branches covering different aspects of the subject.  While some have developed independently (such as Jyotisha to explain muhurtas in vedic rituals, Ayurveda the science of all round health) others summarize (such as Kalpa which is a manual of material from different vedas) and a few others are simplified (like the Puranas in story format) for easy understanding (including the Mahabharata). They are sub classified as       

Understanding vedic literature itself developed into many branches covering different aspects of the subject.  While some have developed independently (such as Jyotisha to explain muhurtas in vedic rituals, Ayurveda the science of all round health) others summarize (such as Kalpa which is a manual of material from different vedas) and a few others are simplified (like the Puranas in story format) for easy understanding (including the Mahabharata). They are sub classified as       

# वेदाङ्ग || Vedaangas

# वेदाङ्गम् || Vedaangas

# वेद-उपङ्ग || Veda-Upangas  

# वेदउपङ्गम् || Veda-Upangas  

# उप-वेद || Upa-Vedas

# उपवेदः || Upa-Vedas

# पञ्चमवेदम् || Panchamavedam

# पञ्चमवेदम् || Panchamavedam

# पुराण || Puranas

# पुराणम् || Puranas

# उप-पुराण || Upa-Puranas

# उपपुराणम् || Upa-Puranas

All these along with the other Parishistas make up a huge volume of literature which we collectively call as vaidika vaangmayam.  

All these along with the other Parishistas make up a huge volume of literature which we collectively call as vaidika vaangmayam.  

== वेदाङ्ग || Vedaangas ==

== वेदाङ्गम् || Vedaangas ==

The word अङ्ग ॥ Anga is used in the sense of "उपकारकः ॥ Upakaraka (useful tool)", and with reference to understanding vedajnana or the knowledge of vedas, these six shastras are extremely useful, hence they are called Vedaangas. <blockquote>शिक्षा कल्पो व्याकरणं निरुक्तं छन्दसां चयः ।</blockquote><blockquote>ज्योतिषामयनं चैव वेदंगानि षडेव तु  ॥</blockquote>According to the above sloka Vedaangas are six in number namely

The word अङ्ग ॥ Anga is used in the sense of "उपकारकः ॥ Upakaraka (useful tool)", and with reference to understanding vedajnana or the knowledge of vedas, these six shastras are extremely useful, hence they are called Vedaangas. <blockquote>शिक्षा कल्पो व्याकरणं निरुक्तं छन्दसां चयः ।</blockquote><blockquote>ज्योतिषामयनं चैव वेदंगानि षडेव तु  ॥</blockquote>According to the above sloka Vedaangas are six in number namely

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== उपवेद || Upavedas  ==

== उपवेदम् || Upavedas  ==

* They are called the subsidiary Vedas. They are four in number one attached to each Veda viz.

* They are called the subsidiary Vedas. They are four in number one attached to each Veda viz.

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! Veda to which attached

! Veda to which attached

|-

|-

|<nowiki> आयुर्वेद || Ayurveda</nowiki>

|<nowiki> आयुर्वेदः || Ayurveda</nowiki>

| Science of healthy living including the prevention and cure of diseases

| Science of healthy living including the prevention and cure of diseases

| Rig Veda

| Rig Veda

|-

|-

|<nowiki> गन्धर्व वेद || Gandharva Veda</nowiki>

|<nowiki> गन्धर्व वेदः || Gandharva Veda</nowiki>

| Science of fine arts like music and dance

| Science of fine arts like music and dance

| Sama Veda.

| Sama Veda.

|-

|-

|<nowiki> अर्थ वेद || Artha Veda</nowiki>

|<nowiki> अर्थ वेदः || Artha Veda</nowiki>

| Science of finance, economics, politics and statesmanship

| Science of finance, economics, politics and statesmanship

| Atharva Veda

| Atharva Veda

|-

|-

|<nowiki> धनुर्वेद || Dhanurveda</nowiki>

|<nowiki> धनुर्वेदः || Dhanurveda</nowiki>

| Science of archery and warfare

| Science of archery and warfare

| Yajurveda.

| Yajurveda.

Vedangas developed as ancillary studies for the Vedas, but its insights into meters, structure of sound and language, grammar, linguistic analysis and other subjects influenced post-Vedic studies, arts, culture and various schools of Hindu philosophy. The Kalpa Vedanga studies, for example, gave rise to the Dharma-sutras, which later expanded into Dharma-shastras.

Vedangas developed as ancillary studies for the Vedas, but its insights into meters, structure of sound and language, grammar, linguistic analysis and other subjects influenced post-Vedic studies, arts, culture and various schools of Hindu philosophy. The Kalpa Vedanga studies, for example, gave rise to the Dharma-sutras, which later expanded into Dharma-shastras.

== परिसिस्त || Parisista ==

== परिशिष्टम् || Parisista ==

Pariśiṣṭa "supplement, appendix" is the term applied to various ancillary works of Vedic literature, dealing mainly with details of ritual and elaborations of the texts logically and chronologically prior to them are the Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Sutras. Naturally classified with the Veda to which each pertains, Parisista works exist for each of the four Vedas. However, only the literature associated with the Atharvaveda is extensive.

Pariśiṣṭa "supplement, appendix" is the term applied to various ancillary works of Vedic literature, dealing mainly with details of ritual and elaborations of the texts logically and chronologically prior to them are the Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Sutras. Naturally classified with the Veda to which each pertains, Parisista works exist for each of the four Vedas. However, only the literature associated with the Atharvaveda is extensive.

The Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda has 3 parisistas The Āpastamba Hautra Pariśiṣṭa, which is also found as the second praśna of the Satyasāḍha Śrauta Sūtra', and the Vārāha Śrauta Sūtra Pariśiṣṭa

The Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda has 3 parisistas The Āpastamba Hautra Pariśiṣṭa, which is also found as the second praśna of the Satyasāḍha Śrauta Sūtra', and the Vārāha Śrauta Sūtra Pariśiṣṭa

== पञ्चमवेदम् || Panchamavedam  ==

== पञ्चमवेदः || Panchamavedam  ==

भारतः पञ्चमवेदः || Bharatah Panchamavedaha - As given in Mahabharata expounds that Mahabharatam which covers numerous topics related to human relationships is considered as the "Fifth Veda".   

भारतः पञ्चमवेदः || Bharatah Panchamavedaha - As given in Mahabharata expounds that Mahabharatam which covers numerous topics related to human relationships is considered as the "Fifth Veda".