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'''Games of dice have existed in India since ancient times.  The Rig Veda mentions the sad story of the fate of the gambler in a beautiful verse in the 10th mandala 34th suktha.'''   

Games of dice have existed in India since ancient times.  The Rig Veda mentions the sad story of the fate of the gambler in a beautiful verse that describes his dilemma and his social condition<ref>Rig Veda ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/ऋग्वेदः_सूक्तं_१०.३४ Mandala 10 Sukta 34])</ref>.    

Buddhi Yoga (Samskrit : बुद्धियोगम्) is a game related to the commonly found game called Moksha Sopanam (Samskrit : मोक्ष-सोपानम्) or Snakes and Ladders (Samskrit : सर्प-सोपानम्) but uniquely interwoven with the concepts of Purusharthas, Dharmas, Ashramas and other Vedanta concepts into each cell of the gameboard. This unique game has found mention in many Bharatiya texts and possibly has originated in Bharatavarsha. Today, countless number of people play this game all over the globe. In this series of articles presented here we bring forward to you the evolution of this game along with Jnana integrated within it since ancient times.     

Buddhi Yoga (Samskrit : बुद्धियोगम्) is a game related to the commonly found game called Moksha Sopanam (Samskrit : मोक्ष-सोपानम्) or Snakes and Ladders (Samskrit : सर्प-सोपानम्) but uniquely interwoven with the concepts of Purusharthas, Dharmas, Ashramas and other Vedanta concepts into each cell of the gameboard. This unique game has found mention in many Bharatiya texts and possibly has originated in Bharatavarsha. Today, countless number of people play this game all over the globe. In this series of articles presented here we bring forward to you the evolution of this game along with Jnana integrated within it since ancient times.     

# Karma (कर्ममार्गः)     

# Karma (कर्ममार्गः)     

# Bhakti (भक्तिमार्गः)     

# Bhakti (भक्तिमार्गः)     

This design comprises of 72 cells with each cell of the game board inscribed with terms from the vedanta shastras which are very relevant to the present day life. The placement of the specially inscribed words depicts the life of man, in different ashramas, at different mental and physical states taking different paths all within the framework of the Purusharthas, in their journey to understand life and attain Moksha. In a grand perspective, the gameboard represents the Kshetra (location), the player is the Manifestated Form (Man, the Jivatma embodied in an Upadhi '''formed from''' Prakrti) and the snakes represent a person's '''weaknesses (passions)''' and susceptibilities.  '''The players being a form of Prakriti are therefore referred to in the female gender during the discussion on the game.'''    

This design comprises of 72 cells with each cell of the game board inscribed with terms from the vedanta shastras which are very relevant to the present day life. The placement of the specially inscribed words depicts the life of man, in different ashramas, at different mental and physical states taking different paths all within the framework of the Purusharthas, in their journey to understand life and attain Moksha. In a grand perspective, the gameboard represents the Kshetra (location), the player is the "manifestated form" (Man, the Jivatma embodied in an Upadhi formed from Prakrti) and the snakes represent a person's weaknesses (passions) and susceptibilities.  The players being a form of Prakriti are therefore referred to in the female gender during the discussion on the game.     

The snake in last cell suggests that the game was played differently than the "race to win" game that we know today.  The rules of play as mentioned by Harish Johari in Leela and first hand encounters with some learned people in Varanasi helped in formulating the rules of play for Buddhi Yoga.    [[File:Buddhi Yoga.png|thumb|292x292px|Fundamental principles of the philosophy of Tantra.]]

The snake in last cell suggests that the game was played differently than the "race to win" game that we know today.  The rules of play as mentioned by Harish Johari in Leela and first hand encounters with some learned people in Varanasi helped in formulating the rules of play for Buddhi Yoga.    [[File:Buddhi Yoga.png|thumb|292x292px|Fundamental principles of the philosophy of Tantra.]]

For example, the cells of ''jnana'' and ''suvidya'' are on opposite ends of the first row of ''vanaprastha''.  While suvidya takes the player directly to rudraloka the abode of Shiva, jnana takes the player to anandaloka revealing to him the sat-chit-ananda nature of the brahman.  Just above ''suvidya'' is viveka.  This arrangement reminds the player of the belief in the [[wikipedia:Kaula_(Hinduism)|kaula tradition]] that there are two paths to knowledge, that of ''jnana'' which is gained through ''shabda'' and that of ''viveka'' which is gained through insight from within<ref>Shaktism, ([[wikipedia:Jnana_yoga|Jnana Yoga]])</ref>. There are many such interesting patterns on the board game which the curious player can explore.  Specially beautiful, in the context of the 67th verse of Saudarya Lahari is the position of prakriti, rudraloka, the 3 guna's (satta, raja, tama) and aham or ahamkara and the subsequent snake to maya, describing the reflection of Shambhu (Para-Shiva) in Prakriti (Para-Shakti) giving rise to "aham" the seed of the world of names and forms.

For example, the cells of ''jnana'' and ''suvidya'' are on opposite ends of the first row of ''vanaprastha''.  While suvidya takes the player directly to rudraloka the abode of Shiva, jnana takes the player to anandaloka revealing to him the sat-chit-ananda nature of the brahman.  Just above ''suvidya'' is viveka.  This arrangement reminds the player of the belief in the [[wikipedia:Kaula_(Hinduism)|kaula tradition]] that there are two paths to knowledge, that of ''jnana'' which is gained through ''shabda'' and that of ''viveka'' which is gained through insight from within<ref>Shaktism, ([[wikipedia:Jnana_yoga|Jnana Yoga]])</ref>. There are many such interesting patterns on the board game which the curious player can explore.  Specially beautiful, in the context of the 67th verse of Saudarya Lahari is the position of prakriti, rudraloka, the 3 guna's (satta, raja, tama) and aham or ahamkara and the subsequent snake to maya, describing the reflection of Shambhu (Para-Shiva) in Prakriti (Para-Shakti) giving rise to "aham" the seed of the world of names and forms.

== Karma Marga () ==

== Karma Marga (कर्ममार्गः) ==

The path of unselfish action is the karma marg to moksha.  We act in the context of our social role.  There are four stages (आश्रम) in our life; the student (ब्रह्मचर्याश्रम), the householder (गृहस्थाश्रम), the retired (वानप्रस्थाश्रम) and the renunciate (सन्यास).  These stages are represented by two rows each on the game board in the above sequence.  Thus the first two rows or eighteen cells represent the stage of the student, the next eighteen cells represent the stage of the householder and so on.   

The path of unselfish action is the karma marg to moksha.  We act in the context of our social role.  There are four stages (आश्रम) in our life; the student (ब्रह्मचर्याश्रम), the householder (गृहस्थाश्रम), the retired (वानप्रस्थाश्रम) and the renunciate (सन्यास).  These stages are represented by two rows each on the game board in the above sequence.  Thus the first two rows or eighteen cells represent the stage of the student, the next eighteen cells represent the stage of the householder and so on.   

Such and many other secrets inspire the player to discover them and in-turn learn about the nuances of karmayoga in her life.

Such and many other secrets inspire the player to discover them and in-turn learn about the nuances of karmayoga in her life.

== Bhakti Marga ==

== Bhakti Marga (भक्तिमार्गः) ==

Bhakti marga or Bhakti Yoga is conspicuous by the absence of any other supporting cell other than the cell of bhakti itself.  Narada (son of Brahma), had in his Bhakti Sutra, famously proclaimed that bhakti begets itself, or bhakti is it's own fruit (स्वयं फलरूपतेति ब्रह्मकुमारः)<ref>Narada Bhakti Sutra (Sutra [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/नारदभक्तिसूत्रम् 30]) </ref>.  It is very uniquely positioned on the tri-guna side of the game board signifying that bhakti applies to the believers of saguna (सगुण) devotion.  

Bhakti marga or Bhakti Yoga is conspicuous by the absence of any other supporting cell other than the cell of bhakti itself.  Narada (son of Brahma), had in his Bhakti Sutra, famously proclaimed that bhakti begets itself, or bhakti is it's own fruit (स्वयं फलरूपतेति ब्रह्मकुमारः)<ref>Narada Bhakti Sutra (Sutra [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/नारदभक्तिसूत्रम् 30]) </ref>.  It is very uniquely positioned on the tri-guna side of the game board signifying that bhakti applies to the believers of saguna (सगुण) devotion.