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→स्त्रीधनम् ॥ Stridhana: Adding content with reference - to be edited
The first definition of Stridhana is found in Arthashastra.<ref name=":7" /> <blockquote>वृत्तिराबध्यं वा स्त्रीधनं ।। ०३.२.१४ ।।<ref>Arthashastra, Adhikarana 3, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A9/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A8 Adhyaya 2]</ref> vr̥ttirābadhyaṁ vā strīdhanaṁ ।। 03.2.14 ।।</blockquote>Meaning: Maintenance and ornaments constitute woman's property.<ref name=":7" />
The first definition of Stridhana is found in Arthashastra.<ref name=":7" /> <blockquote>वृत्तिराबध्यं वा स्त्रीधनं ।। ०३.२.१४ ।।<ref>Arthashastra, Adhikarana 3, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A9/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A8 Adhyaya 2]</ref> vr̥ttirābadhyaṁ vā strīdhanaṁ ।। 03.2.14 ।।</blockquote>Meaning: Maintenance and ornaments constitute woman's property.<ref name=":7" />
And every property movable or immoveable, given to a woman by anyone, constitutes her own absolute property.<ref name=":2" /> There are 6 types of Stridhana according to Manusmrti.<blockquote>अध्यग्न्यध्यावाहनिकं दत्तं च प्रीतिकर्मणि । भ्रातृमातृपितृप्राप्तं षड्विधं स्त्रीधनं स्मृतम् । । ९.१९४ । ।<ref name=":1" />
And every property movable or immoveable, given to a woman by anyone, constitutes her own absolute property.<ref name=":2" /> There are 6 types of Stridhana according to Manusmrti.<blockquote>अध्यग्न्यध्यावाहनिकं दत्तं च प्रीतिकर्मणि । भ्रातृमातृपितृप्राप्तं षड्विधं स्त्रीधनं स्मृतम् । । ९.१९४ । ।<ref name=":1" /> adhyagnyadhyāvāhanikaṁ dattaṁ ca prītikarmaṇi । bhrātr̥mātr̥pitr̥prāptaṁ ṣaḍvidhaṁ strīdhanaṁ smr̥tam । । 9.194 । ।</blockquote>They are,
adhyagnyadhyāvāhanikaṁ dattaṁ ca prītikarmaṇi । bhrātr̥mātr̥pitr̥prāptaṁ ṣaḍvidhaṁ strīdhanaṁ smr̥tam । । 9.194 । ।</blockquote>They are,
# Adhyagni: That which is given by the father and others during marriage infront of the fire.
# Adhyagni: That which is given by the father and others during marriage infront of the fire.
# Adhyavahanika: Ornaments and other things obtained from the husband's family.
# Adhyavahanika: Ornaments and other things obtained from the husband's family.
# Priti Karma: That which is given by the husband or others as a token of love and affection
# Pritikarmani Datta: That which is given by the husband or others as a token of love and affection
# Bhratr Prapta: That which is given by the brother .
# Bhratr Prapta: That which is given by the brother .
# Matr Prapta: That which is received from the mother and
# Matr Prapta: That which is received from the mother and
That which a women obtains when she is being taken in procession from the father's house to the bridegroom's house, is termed Stridhana of the Adhyaavahanika kind.
That which a women obtains when she is being taken in procession from the father's house to the bridegroom's house, is termed Stridhana of the Adhyaavahanika kind.
प्रीत्या दत्तं तु यत्किंचित्श्वश्र्वा वा श्वशुरेण वा ।
पादवन्दनिकं चैव प्रीतिदत्तं तदुच्यते ।। ८९७ ।।'Whatever is given to a woman through affection by father-in-law and mother-in-law and whatever is received at the time of saluting the elders is termed Pritidatta (gift through affection).
Though Kā. thinks that this gift is given by the in-laws and elders in the family, ManvaMu. states that this type of gift is given by the husband. BālamBha. points out that Priti datta stridhana is of two types - when elders see the daughter-in-law for the first time and later, on account of her seva, they give her gifts out of affection.
Remaining three types of are the gifts given by bride's father, mother and brother on various occasions.
In addition to these six types Manu has stated two more types in the following verse.
अन्वाधेयं च यद्दत्तं पत्या प्रीतेन चैव यत् ... । । ९.१९५ । ।<ref name=":1" />
Katyayana defines these as follows:
विवाहात्परतो यत्तु लब्धं भर्तृकुलात्स्त्रिया ।
अन्वाधेयं तदुक्तं तु लभ्दं बन्धुकुलात्तथा ।। ८९९ ।।
ऊर्ध्वं लब्धं तु यत्किंचित्संस्कारात्प्रीतितः स्त्रिया ।
भर्तुः पित्रोः सकाशाद्वा अन्वाधेयं तु तद्भृगुः ।। ९०० ।।
'Whatever is obtained by a woman after marriage from the family of her husband and also what is similarly obtained from the family of her (father's) kinsmen is said to be anvadheya (subsequent gift). Whatever is obtained by a woman through affection after her marriage from her husband or from her parents is Anvadheya. This is the view of Bhrgu.<ref name=":7" />
Speaking of the rules of succession to Stridhana, Manusmrti says that the wealth obtained from the husband's family during marriage and that given by the husband himself as a token of love belongs to her progeny incase the woman dies while her husband is still alive. And if there is no offspring, the wealth belongs either to her husband or father. However, it emphasizes that any wealth given to a woman by her father shall belong to her daughter or the child of her daughter.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":4" /><blockquote>अन्वाधेयं च यद्दत्तं पत्या प्रीतेन चैव यत् । पत्यौ जीवति वृत्तायाः प्रजायास्तद्धनं भवेत् । । ९.१९५ । ।
Speaking of the rules of succession to Stridhana, Manusmrti says that the wealth obtained from the husband's family during marriage and that given by the husband himself as a token of love belongs to her progeny incase the woman dies while her husband is still alive. And if there is no offspring, the wealth belongs either to her husband or father. However, it emphasizes that any wealth given to a woman by her father shall belong to her daughter or the child of her daughter.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":4" /><blockquote>अन्वाधेयं च यद्दत्तं पत्या प्रीतेन चैव यत् । पत्यौ जीवति वृत्तायाः प्रजायास्तद्धनं भवेत् । । ९.१९५ । ।