1,214
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Created new page added content
Kantha literally means throat. It is one among the dasha<ref>Ashtanga Samgraha (Sharirasthanam Adhyaya 5 Sutra 53)</ref>pranayatana (ten seats of prana) which precisely means where prana is located.<ref>Charaka Samhita (Sharirasthanam Adhyaya 7 Sutra 9)</ref> Thus Kantha is marma (vital point) according to Ayurveda and hence it is given high importance.
== परिचयः॥ Introduction ==
According to Ayurveda anatomy, kantha is a part of urdwajatru bhaga (anatomical structures above shoulders) of the [[Sharira (शरीरम्)|shareera]] which is one among the shadangas. Kantha is a sadhyapranahara marma, which means it is a vital point in the human body and any kind of injury can cause serious damage and even death.
According to acharya sushruta, kantha is a part of mukha (precisely mouth) which is a part of Urdhwa jatru bhaga which means the structures which are present above shoulders.<ref name=":0">Sushruta Samhita (Nidanasthanam Adhyaya 16 Sutra 3)</ref>
== कण्ठशारीर॥ Anatomy ==
The structure which is present in front of greeva is termed as kantha. The structure which is responsible for the production of voice is kantha. <ref>G Shobha et al. [http://www.iamj.in/posts/2017/images/upload/2954_2961.pdf AN INSIGHT ON KANTA AS PRANAYATANA]. International Ayurvedic Medical Journal {online} 2017 {cited August, 2017} Available from: <nowiki>http://www.iamj.in/posts/images/upload/2954_2961.pdf</nowiki></ref>
Acharya sushruta mentioned Kantha as a part of mukha while describing mukhagat rogas kantha gata disorders are being mentioned.<ref name=":0" />
Specific types of joints present in kantha region are described. Thus kantha is known as the functioning unit in body since ancient time. Its chief function of producing sound and swallowing have also been mentioned at relevant sites.<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Sharirasthana Adhyaya 5 Sutra 27)</ref>
== कण्ठ-दोषसंबंधः॥ Relation of kantha with Dosha ==
Among the 5 subtypes of Kapha dosha, Bodhak kapha is known to be situated in Kantha region.<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 21 Sutra 14)</ref>
Kantha is stated to be the passage for the physiological flow of the Prana and Udana vayu among the 5 types of Vata dosha<ref>Ashtanga Hrudayam (Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 12 SUtra 5)</ref>
Relation of kantha with Rasa
Among six types of rasa(taste),
Madhura rasa does kantha pralhadana which means the food substances which are sweet I n taste is pleasant for the throat. (char.sutr.26.43)
Amla rasa does vidaha which means the food substances which are sour in taste will cause burning sensation in the throat region. (char.sutr.26.75)
== कण्ठगतारोगाः ॥ Kanthagata rogas ==
Some specific medical conditions that arise in Kantha have been listed by Ayurveda scholars and those are known as Kanthagata rogas i.e. diseases directly and primarily affecting kantha.
कण्ठगतास्तु- रोहिण्यः पञ्च, कण्ठशालूकम्, अधिजिह्वो, बलयो, बलास [१] , एकवृन्दो, वृन्दः, शतघ्नी, गिलायुः, गलविद्रधिः, गलौघः, स्वरघ्नो, मांसतानो, विदारी चेति ||(Sush.Samh.16.46) <ref>Sushruta Samhita (Nidanasthana Adhyaya 16 Sutra 46-63)</ref>
(These diseases are isolated concepts of Ayurveda and cannot be surely co related with modern diagnosis or diagnostic methods)
=== रोहिणी ॥ Rohini ===
* The vitiated doshas in the kantha or throat region causes localised swelling leading to breathlessness along with other symptoms. Rohini is manifested in five ways depending on the dominance of the doshas which produces related symptoms.
* Vataja Rohini, Pittaja Rohini, kaphaja rohini , tridoshaja, raktaja rohini are the dosha dominant types of the disease.
* General treatment – herbal decoctions, nasya karma (instillation of medicated oil, ghee etc through nostrils), gandoosha (a procedure which requires retention of medicated oil, decoctions etc in the oral cavity for specific time), local application of herbal pastes etc.
=== कण्ठ्शालूक ॥ Kanthashaluka ===
Kapha dosha dominant disease characterized with presence of cyst resembling obstruction in the throat leading to pain and discomfort.
=== अधिजिव्हिका ॥ Adhijivha ===
It is akapha and raktaja disorder characterized with swelling over the tongue.
=== वलय ॥ Balaya ===
Kapha doshaja disorder characterized with round, bulky swelling in the throat leading to obstruction.
=== बलासः ॥ Balasa ===
It is akapha and vata doshaja disease characterized with swelling and pain in the throat region.
=== एकवृंदः ॥ Ekavrinda ===
It is a raktaja and kapha doshaja disease, characterized with round, hard, non-suppurative cyst resembling swelling which causes pain, itching and burning sensation in the throat.
=== वृंदः ॥ Vrinda ===
Vrinda disorder like eka vrinda is characterized with bigger, painful swelling in the throat region along with fever.
=== शतघ्नी ॥ Shataghni ===
Vitiated three doshas produce polyp resembling structures in the throat causing pain, burning sensation, fever etc.
=== गिलायु ॥ Gilayu ===
Raktaja and kapha doshaja disorder producing hard, painful cyst in the throat.
=== गलवृद्धी ॥ Galavidradhi ===
Vitiated three doshas produce abscess along with pain, itching sensation, burning sensation and discomfort.
=== गलौघः ॥ Galaugh ===
Vitiated rakta and kapha dosha produce oedema in the throat region along with fever, drowsiness, head heaviness.
=== स्वरघ्नः ॥ Swaraghna ===
Vitiated Vata dosha affects voice along with dryness in the throat etc
=== मांसतान ॥ Mamsa tana ===
Vitiated three doshas produces cyst resembling structure in the throat which is spreading in nature and causes obstruction.
=== विदारी ॥ Vidari ===
Vitiated rakta and pitta dosha a painful growth in the throat which is painful and red in colour.
=== कण्ठदुष्टिकराः व्याधयः ॥ Other disorders where kantha is affected ===
* Arshankur (haemorrhoid like structure) in kantha presents as indistinct speech and rasa adynana (loss of taste) <ref>Sushruta Smahita (Nidanasthana Adhyaya 2 Sutra 18)</ref>
* Sthavar visha vega lakshana(symptoms of a specific type of poison in precise) which presents as kantha ruja(pain in the throat region)<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Kalpasthana Adhyaya 2 Sutra 35)</ref>
* Visha asadhya lakshana which means the stage of the poison where it cannot be cured presents itself as kanthabhanga (change of voice) as one of its symptom.<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Kalpasthana Adhyaya 3 Sutra 41)</ref>
* In Vataja jwara (fever of vata dosha predominance), kantha shosha is one of the sign.<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Uttaratantra Adhyaya 39 Sutra 29)</ref>
* In Rajayakshma(precisely tuberculosis), kantha udwansa(swarabheda) which means hoarseness of the voice is one of the symptom.<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Uttaratantra Adhyaya 41 Sutra 13)</ref>
* In Vataja gulma (vata dosha dominant tumour),kantha shosha which means dryness of the throat is one of the early symptom<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Uttaratantra Adhyaya 42 Sutra 10)</ref>
* As one of the Clinical feature of jwara(fever) ,kantha shosha(dryness of the throat) is one of them.<ref>Charaka Samhita (Nidanasthanam Adhyaya 1 Sutra 21)</ref>
* As Prodromal symptoms of prameha(diabetes) – dryness in mouth, palate and throatis presenta.<ref>Charaka Samhita (Nidanasthanam Adhyaya 4 Sutra 47)</ref>
* Kantha naadi(trachea) injury leads to mukata(loss of speech), swara vaikriti(hoarseness of the voice), loss of taste. <ref>Sushruta Samhita (Sharirasthanam Adhyaya 6 Sutra 28)</ref>
=== कण्ठ्यद्रव्याः Kanthya dravyas ===
Ayurveda acharyas have described various groups of herbs that are specifically beneficial to promote the health of certain body organ to effective in specific medical condition. Under this list the herbs that are helpful to promote the health of Kantha, quality of voice and to treat the diseases affecting it have also been mentioned. These aregrouped under the name 'Kanthya dravyas' as described below,<blockquote>सारिवेक्षुमूलमधुकपिप्पलीद्राक्षाविदारीकैटर्यहंसपादीबृहतीकण्टकारिका इति दशेमानि कण्ठ्यानि भवन्ति (९) (char.sutr.4.8(9))</blockquote>The dravyas which are good for kantha, or throat are called as kanthya dravyas they are as follows- Sariva(Hemidesmus indicus), ikshumula(Saccharum officinarum), madhuka(Glycyrrhiza glabra), Pippali (Piper longum), Draksha, Vidari, KAitarya, Hansapadi, Bruhati, Kantakarika etc
=== References ===
== परिचयः॥ Introduction ==
According to Ayurveda anatomy, kantha is a part of urdwajatru bhaga (anatomical structures above shoulders) of the [[Sharira (शरीरम्)|shareera]] which is one among the shadangas. Kantha is a sadhyapranahara marma, which means it is a vital point in the human body and any kind of injury can cause serious damage and even death.
According to acharya sushruta, kantha is a part of mukha (precisely mouth) which is a part of Urdhwa jatru bhaga which means the structures which are present above shoulders.<ref name=":0">Sushruta Samhita (Nidanasthanam Adhyaya 16 Sutra 3)</ref>
== कण्ठशारीर॥ Anatomy ==
The structure which is present in front of greeva is termed as kantha. The structure which is responsible for the production of voice is kantha. <ref>G Shobha et al. [http://www.iamj.in/posts/2017/images/upload/2954_2961.pdf AN INSIGHT ON KANTA AS PRANAYATANA]. International Ayurvedic Medical Journal {online} 2017 {cited August, 2017} Available from: <nowiki>http://www.iamj.in/posts/images/upload/2954_2961.pdf</nowiki></ref>
Acharya sushruta mentioned Kantha as a part of mukha while describing mukhagat rogas kantha gata disorders are being mentioned.<ref name=":0" />
Specific types of joints present in kantha region are described. Thus kantha is known as the functioning unit in body since ancient time. Its chief function of producing sound and swallowing have also been mentioned at relevant sites.<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Sharirasthana Adhyaya 5 Sutra 27)</ref>
== कण्ठ-दोषसंबंधः॥ Relation of kantha with Dosha ==
Among the 5 subtypes of Kapha dosha, Bodhak kapha is known to be situated in Kantha region.<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 21 Sutra 14)</ref>
Kantha is stated to be the passage for the physiological flow of the Prana and Udana vayu among the 5 types of Vata dosha<ref>Ashtanga Hrudayam (Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 12 SUtra 5)</ref>
Relation of kantha with Rasa
Among six types of rasa(taste),
Madhura rasa does kantha pralhadana which means the food substances which are sweet I n taste is pleasant for the throat. (char.sutr.26.43)
Amla rasa does vidaha which means the food substances which are sour in taste will cause burning sensation in the throat region. (char.sutr.26.75)
== कण्ठगतारोगाः ॥ Kanthagata rogas ==
Some specific medical conditions that arise in Kantha have been listed by Ayurveda scholars and those are known as Kanthagata rogas i.e. diseases directly and primarily affecting kantha.
कण्ठगतास्तु- रोहिण्यः पञ्च, कण्ठशालूकम्, अधिजिह्वो, बलयो, बलास [१] , एकवृन्दो, वृन्दः, शतघ्नी, गिलायुः, गलविद्रधिः, गलौघः, स्वरघ्नो, मांसतानो, विदारी चेति ||(Sush.Samh.16.46) <ref>Sushruta Samhita (Nidanasthana Adhyaya 16 Sutra 46-63)</ref>
(These diseases are isolated concepts of Ayurveda and cannot be surely co related with modern diagnosis or diagnostic methods)
=== रोहिणी ॥ Rohini ===
* The vitiated doshas in the kantha or throat region causes localised swelling leading to breathlessness along with other symptoms. Rohini is manifested in five ways depending on the dominance of the doshas which produces related symptoms.
* Vataja Rohini, Pittaja Rohini, kaphaja rohini , tridoshaja, raktaja rohini are the dosha dominant types of the disease.
* General treatment – herbal decoctions, nasya karma (instillation of medicated oil, ghee etc through nostrils), gandoosha (a procedure which requires retention of medicated oil, decoctions etc in the oral cavity for specific time), local application of herbal pastes etc.
=== कण्ठ्शालूक ॥ Kanthashaluka ===
Kapha dosha dominant disease characterized with presence of cyst resembling obstruction in the throat leading to pain and discomfort.
=== अधिजिव्हिका ॥ Adhijivha ===
It is akapha and raktaja disorder characterized with swelling over the tongue.
=== वलय ॥ Balaya ===
Kapha doshaja disorder characterized with round, bulky swelling in the throat leading to obstruction.
=== बलासः ॥ Balasa ===
It is akapha and vata doshaja disease characterized with swelling and pain in the throat region.
=== एकवृंदः ॥ Ekavrinda ===
It is a raktaja and kapha doshaja disease, characterized with round, hard, non-suppurative cyst resembling swelling which causes pain, itching and burning sensation in the throat.
=== वृंदः ॥ Vrinda ===
Vrinda disorder like eka vrinda is characterized with bigger, painful swelling in the throat region along with fever.
=== शतघ्नी ॥ Shataghni ===
Vitiated three doshas produce polyp resembling structures in the throat causing pain, burning sensation, fever etc.
=== गिलायु ॥ Gilayu ===
Raktaja and kapha doshaja disorder producing hard, painful cyst in the throat.
=== गलवृद्धी ॥ Galavidradhi ===
Vitiated three doshas produce abscess along with pain, itching sensation, burning sensation and discomfort.
=== गलौघः ॥ Galaugh ===
Vitiated rakta and kapha dosha produce oedema in the throat region along with fever, drowsiness, head heaviness.
=== स्वरघ्नः ॥ Swaraghna ===
Vitiated Vata dosha affects voice along with dryness in the throat etc
=== मांसतान ॥ Mamsa tana ===
Vitiated three doshas produces cyst resembling structure in the throat which is spreading in nature and causes obstruction.
=== विदारी ॥ Vidari ===
Vitiated rakta and pitta dosha a painful growth in the throat which is painful and red in colour.
=== कण्ठदुष्टिकराः व्याधयः ॥ Other disorders where kantha is affected ===
* Arshankur (haemorrhoid like structure) in kantha presents as indistinct speech and rasa adynana (loss of taste) <ref>Sushruta Smahita (Nidanasthana Adhyaya 2 Sutra 18)</ref>
* Sthavar visha vega lakshana(symptoms of a specific type of poison in precise) which presents as kantha ruja(pain in the throat region)<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Kalpasthana Adhyaya 2 Sutra 35)</ref>
* Visha asadhya lakshana which means the stage of the poison where it cannot be cured presents itself as kanthabhanga (change of voice) as one of its symptom.<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Kalpasthana Adhyaya 3 Sutra 41)</ref>
* In Vataja jwara (fever of vata dosha predominance), kantha shosha is one of the sign.<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Uttaratantra Adhyaya 39 Sutra 29)</ref>
* In Rajayakshma(precisely tuberculosis), kantha udwansa(swarabheda) which means hoarseness of the voice is one of the symptom.<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Uttaratantra Adhyaya 41 Sutra 13)</ref>
* In Vataja gulma (vata dosha dominant tumour),kantha shosha which means dryness of the throat is one of the early symptom<ref>Sushruta Samhita (Uttaratantra Adhyaya 42 Sutra 10)</ref>
* As one of the Clinical feature of jwara(fever) ,kantha shosha(dryness of the throat) is one of them.<ref>Charaka Samhita (Nidanasthanam Adhyaya 1 Sutra 21)</ref>
* As Prodromal symptoms of prameha(diabetes) – dryness in mouth, palate and throatis presenta.<ref>Charaka Samhita (Nidanasthanam Adhyaya 4 Sutra 47)</ref>
* Kantha naadi(trachea) injury leads to mukata(loss of speech), swara vaikriti(hoarseness of the voice), loss of taste. <ref>Sushruta Samhita (Sharirasthanam Adhyaya 6 Sutra 28)</ref>
=== कण्ठ्यद्रव्याः Kanthya dravyas ===
Ayurveda acharyas have described various groups of herbs that are specifically beneficial to promote the health of certain body organ to effective in specific medical condition. Under this list the herbs that are helpful to promote the health of Kantha, quality of voice and to treat the diseases affecting it have also been mentioned. These aregrouped under the name 'Kanthya dravyas' as described below,<blockquote>सारिवेक्षुमूलमधुकपिप्पलीद्राक्षाविदारीकैटर्यहंसपादीबृहतीकण्टकारिका इति दशेमानि कण्ठ्यानि भवन्ति (९) (char.sutr.4.8(9))</blockquote>The dravyas which are good for kantha, or throat are called as kanthya dravyas they are as follows- Sariva(Hemidesmus indicus), ikshumula(Saccharum officinarum), madhuka(Glycyrrhiza glabra), Pippali (Piper longum), Draksha, Vidari, KAitarya, Hansapadi, Bruhati, Kantakarika etc
=== References ===