Changes

====The Samhitas ====

====The Samhitas ====

Samhitas are primarily a collection of the mantras, Riks in Rigveda, Yajus of Yajurveda, Samans of the Samaveda and those of Atharvaveda. The '''Rig-Veda Samhita''' is the oldest sacred literary text of the Hindus. The '''Yajur-Veda Samhita''' is mostly in prose and explaining the procedures of the yajnas and yagas, supplementing the Rig-Vedic Mantras. The '''Sama-Veda Samhita,''' shortest of all vedas, is mostly borrowed from Rig-Vedic Samhita sung with melody especially during the Soma yajnas. the '''Atharva-Veda Samhita''' is meant to correct the mispronunciations and wrong performances that may accidentally be committed during the yajnas. Atharvaveda contains mantras on many subjects such as socio-political aspects, medicine, agriculture etc along with philosophical thoughts.<ref name=":42222" /><ref name=":032222">Introduction to Samhitas in [http://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/ Vedic Heritage Portal]</ref>

Samhitas are primarily a collection of the mantras, Riks in Rigveda, Yajus of Yajurveda, Samans of the Samaveda and those of Atharvaveda. The '''Rig-Veda Samhita''' is the oldest sacred literary text of the Hindus. The '''Yajur-Veda Samhita''' is mostly in prose and explaining the procedures of the yajnas and yagas, supplementing the Rig-Vedic Mantras. The '''Sama-Veda Samhita,''' shortest of all vedas, is mostly borrowed from Rig-Vedic Samhita sung with melody especially during the Soma yajnas. the '''Atharva-Veda Samhita''' is meant to correct the mispronunciations and wrong performances that may accidentally be committed during the yajnas. Atharvaveda contains mantras on many subjects such as socio-political aspects, medicine, agriculture etc along with philosophical thoughts.<ref name=":42222" /><ref name=":032222">Introduction to Samhitas in [http://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/ Vedic Heritage Portal]</ref>

====The Brahmanas and the Aranyakas ====

====The Brahmanas ====

Brahmanas are injunctions or vidhis for the performance of shrauta yajnas<ref name=":22">Malladi, Sri. Suryanarayana Sastry (1982) ''Samskruta Vangmaya Charitra, Volume 1 Vaidika Vangmayam'' Hyderabad : Andhra Sarasvata Parishad</ref> The different brahmanas associated with different veda shakas are listed in the table below.<ref name=":42222" /><ref name=":022" /><ref name=":0">Raghunathacharya, S. B. (1985) ''Arshavijnana Sarvasvamu, Volume 2 : Brahmanalu (Telugu)'' Tirupati : Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam</ref>

Brahmanas are injunctions or vidhis for the performance of shrauta yajnas.<ref name=":22">Malladi, Sri. Suryanarayana Sastry (1982) ''Samskruta Vangmaya Charitra, Volume 1 Vaidika Vangmayam'' Hyderabad : Andhra Sarasvata Parishad</ref> Important with respect to the procedural aspects of Vaidika yajnas they explain the meaning and gudartha (hidden) meanings of the Samhita parts.

While not many variations in the names and number of Brahmanas are seen for Rigveda, Yajurveda and Atharvaveda, Samaveda associated with the highest number of Brahmanas, is opined to have some differences in number and names of Brahmanas, by scholars. According to Sanskruta Sahitya Charitra nine Brahmanas are mentioned Tandya, Shadvimsha, Samavidhana, Arsheya, Devataradhya, Upanishad, Samhitopanishad, Vimsha, and Jaiminiya Brahmanas.<ref name=":42222" />

While not many variations in the names and number of Brahmanas are seen for Rigveda, Yajurveda and Atharvaveda, however, Samaveda associated with the highest number of Brahmanas, is opined to have some differences in number and names of Brahmanas, by scholars. According to Dr. Gopal Reddy in Sanskruta Sahitya Charitra nine Brahmanas are mentioned Tandya, Shadvimsha, Samavidhana, Arsheya, Devataradhya, Upanishad, Samhitopanishad, Vamsha, and Jaiminiya Brahmanas.<ref name=":42222" /> According to Shri. Shriram Adhikari (Vedic Heritage Portal), eight Brahmanas for Samaveda are available as given in the above list except that he lists Chandogya-Upanishad brahmana and instead of Upanishad brahmana and Jaiminiya brahmana is missing.<ref name=":22222">Adhikari, Shriram Article : ''[http://vedicheritage.gov.in/pdf/ved_vedang_gp_16.pdf Samaved ka parichay evam vaisishtya]'' from Vedic Heritage Portal</ref>

According to Swami Sivananda, the Tandya or Panchavimsa, the Shadvimsa, the Chhandogya, the Adbhuta, the Arsheya and the Upanishad Brahmanas belong to the [[Samaveda (सामवेद)|Sama Veda]].<ref name=":022" /> Each of the Brahmanas has got an [[Aranyaka (आरण्यकम्)|Aranyaka]] except Atharvaveda.

According to Swami Sivananda, the Tandya or Panchavimsa, the Shadvimsa, the Chhandogya, the Adbhuta, the Arsheya and the Upanishad Brahmanas belong to the [[Samaveda (सामवेद)|Sama Veda]].<ref name=":022" />  

 

Each of the Brahmanas is associated with an [[Aranyaka (आरण्यकम्)|Aranyaka]] except Atharvaveda.  

 

{| class="wikitable"

{| class="wikitable"

|+List of Brahmanas Available in Present Days<ref name=":0" />

|+List of Brahmanas Available in Present Days<ref name=":0" />

|-

|-

|

|

# ॥ Aitereya Brahmana

# ऐतरेय ॥ Aitereya Brahmana

# ॥Sankhyayana or Kaushitaki Brahmana<ref name=":42222" /><ref name=":22" />

# कौषीतकी ॥ Kaushitaki or Sankhyayana (शाङ्खायन) Brahmana<ref name=":42222" /><ref name=":22" />

|

|

# ॥Taittriya

# तैत्तिरीय ॥Taittriya Brahmana

# ॥Maitrayana<ref name=":022" />

# मैत्रायणी ॥ Maitrayani Brahmana<ref name=":022" />

|

|

# ॥ Kanva Shatapatabrahmana

# माध्यन्दिन-शतपथ-ब्राह्मणम् ॥ Madhyandina Shatapatabrahmana

# ॥ Madhyandina Shatapatabrahmana

# काण्व-शतपथ-ब्राह्मणम् ॥ Kanva Shatapatabrahmana

|

|

# ॥ Jaiminiya(Talavaka)

# जैमिनीय॥ Jaiminiya(Talavakara तलवकार)

# ताण्ड्य ॥Tandya (Panchavimsha, Mahabrahmana or Praudha)

# ताण्ड्य ॥Tandya (Panchavimsha, Mahabrahmana or Praudha)

# ॥ Mantra (Chandogya)   

# छान्दोग्य ॥ Chandogya (Mantra)   

# ॥ Samavidhana

# सामविधान॥ Samavidhana

# ॥ Devataradhya

# देवताध्याय॥ Devataradhaya

# ॥ Vimsha

# वंशब्राह्मणम् ॥ Vamsha

# ॥ Samhitopanishad

# संहितोपनिषद्॥ Samhitopanishad

|

|

# ॥ Gopatha Brahmana

# गोपथब्राह्मणम् ॥ Gopatha Brahmana

|-

|-

|

|

# ॥ Aiterya Aranyanka

# ऐतरेय ॥ Aiterya Aranyanka

|

|

# ॥Taittriya Aranyaka

# तैत्तिरीय ॥Taittriya Aranyaka

# ॥Maitrayani Aranyaka

# मैत्रायणी ॥ Maitrayani Aranyaka

|

|

# ॥ Brhadaranyaka

# बृहदारण्यकम् ॥ Brhadaranyaka

|

|

# ॥ Talavakara or Jaiminiya Aranyaka

# जैमिनीय॥Jaiminiya (Talavakara) Aranyaka

|None available

|None available

|}

|}