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Ganita Shastra (गणितशास्त्रम्) (view source)
Revision as of 23:07, 24 March 2020
, 23:07, 24 March 2020→Modern Indian Mathematicians: added content and references
== Modern Indian Mathematicians ==
== Modern Indian Mathematicians ==
Three schools - Ujjain, Mysore and Kusumpura have been referred to as important schools of mathematics in the early christian era. Here we discuss the important mathematicians of the modern era.
Three schools - Ujjain, Mysore and Kusumpura have been referred to as important schools of mathematics in the early christian era. Here we discuss the important mathematicians of the modern era and their significant contributions to astronomy and mathematics.
# '''Aryabhata I (476 A.D.)''' - Aryabhatiya or Aryasiddhanta consists of four chapters namely Dasagitika (the ten Gitikas), Ganitapada (mathematics), Kalakriya (reckoning of time) and Gola (sphere) deals with astronomy and arithmetic.
# '''Aryabhata I (476 A.D.)''' - Aryabhatiya or Aryasiddhanta consists of four chapters namely Dasagitika (the ten Gitikas), Ganitapada (mathematics), Kalakriya (reckoning of time) and Gola (sphere) deals with astronomy and arithmetic.
# '''Varahamihira (505 A.D.)''' - Panchasiddhantika among other works is considered important in the history of astronomy. In the history of mathematics this work has a high place for its amount of trigonometrical information.
# '''Varahamihira (505 A.D.)''' - Panchasiddhantika among other works is considered important in the history of astronomy. In the history of mathematics this work has a high place for its amount of trigonometrical information.
# '''Govindasvamin (800-850 A.D.)''' - Bhashya on Mahabhaskariya of Bhaskara I and Govindakrti. He belonged to the Kerala school of mathematics.
# '''Govindasvamin (800-850 A.D.)''' - Bhashya on Mahabhaskariya of Bhaskara I and Govindakrti. He belonged to the Kerala school of mathematics.
# '''Mahavira (850 A.D.)''' - Ganitasarasamgraha deals with arithmetic, geometry and algebra. A Jaina mathematician he is associated with the school of Mysore.
# '''Mahavira (850 A.D.)''' - Ganitasarasamgraha deals with arithmetic, geometry and algebra. A Jaina mathematician he is associated with the school of Mysore.
# '''Sridhara (850-950 A.D.)''' - Patiganita is a work on arithmetic and mensuration.
# '''Sridhara (850-950 A.D.)''' - Patiganita is a work on arithmetic and mensuration. Famous as Sridharacharya, he dealt with multiplication, division, square, cube, squareroot, cube-root, fraction, rule of three and the areas of plane figures. For the first time gave a rule to extract the root of ax²+bx = c, which is known usually as Sridhara's formula.
# '''Aryabhata II (950 A.D.)''' - Mahabhaskariya, an astronomical work dealing with various problems of mathematical interest besides preliminary operations. He mentions separately about the three branches of mathematics, Pati, Kuttaka and Bija in this work.
# '''Sripati (1039 A.D.)''' - Ganitatilaka, Siddhantasekhara and Bijaganita besides five other works on astronomy and astrology. A Jaina astronomer, his Ganitatilaka is devoted exclusively to arithmetic. The Siddhantasekhara, an astronomical work, however, deals with algebra in two chapters. Bijaganita is now lost.
# '''Bhaskara II (1114 - 1200 A.D.)''' - Lilavati, Bijaganita and Siddhantasiromani are the famous works of Bhaskaracharya. He authored two other works Vasanabhaasya, his own commentary of the Siddhantasiromani, and Karanakutuhala, a treatise on planetary motion. The Lilavati which is based on Brahmagupta's Brahmasphutasiddhanta, Sridhara's Patiganita, and Mahasiddhanta of Aryabhata II exhibits a profound system of arithmetic and also contains many useful propositions in geometry and arithmetic. The full solution of the equation and of its more general form ax²+bx+c = y² was given by Bhaskaracharya II. He was acquainted with the principle of infinitesimal calculus and is often given credit for originating the idea of integration long before Newton and Leibniz.
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The Kerala school of mathematics in the more recent centuries has been the seat of learning and has produced great mathematical works.
The Kerala school of mathematics in the more recent centuries has been the seat of learning and has produced great mathematical works.