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== लक्षणम्॥ Definition ==

== लक्षणम्॥ Definition ==

Pakayajna is defined as follows in Vachaspatya<blockquote>चरुपाकेन कर्त्तव्ये यज्ञभेदे स च यज्ञः वृषोत्सर्गादिहोमः ।<ref name=":1" /></blockquote>The class of yajnas performed using cooked (food) item such as "charu" and they are Vrshotsarga and other homas.

Pakayajna is defined as follows in Vachaspatya<blockquote>चरुपाकेन कर्त्तव्ये यज्ञभेदे स च यज्ञः वृषोत्सर्गादिहोमः। carupākena karttavye yajñabhede sa ca yajñaḥ vr̥ṣotsargādihomaḥ। <ref name=":1" /></blockquote>The class of yajnas performed using cooked (food) item such as "charu" and they are Vrshotsarga and other homas.

Apastamba mentions the meaning of Pakayajna as follows<ref name=":4">Apastamba Grhyasutras with Haradatta's Anukulavrtti and Sudarshana Suri's Tatparyadarshanam Tika ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF,_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A Full Text])</ref><blockquote>पाकयज्ञशब्दार्थः । लौकिकानां पाकयज्ञशब्दः ॥ आपस्तम्बगृह्यसूत्र २.९ ॥</blockquote>According the Haradatta's Anukulavrtti (अनुकूलावृत्ति) of the above Apastamba sutra <blockquote>लोके भवा<लौकिकाः>लोकस्मृतिलक्षणा इत्यर्थः । लोकशब्देन शिष्टा उच्यन्ते । पाकयज्ञ इति विवाहादीनां संज्ञा विधीयते । पाकशब्दोऽल्पवचनः, यथाक्षिप्रं यजेत पाको देव (आप.गृ.२०१५) इति । पाकगुणको यज्ञः पाकयज्ञ इति निर्वचने आज्यहोमेषु संज्ञानस्यात् ।</blockquote>Laukika refers to one that pertains to Loka, which is defined by Smrtis. Loka shabda also refers to the Shista (a learned in Vedas and Vedangas). Pakayajna is a term that is applied during the wedding and other (samskaras). Paka also refers to the word Alpa (used in the sense of minor). By saying 'that yajna where cooked items are used' excludes the other Ajyahomas (where the offerings are of Ajya or ghee).

Apastamba mentions the meaning of Pakayajna as follows<ref name=":4">Apastamba Grhyasutras with Haradatta's Anukulavrtti and Sudarshana Suri's Tatparyadarshanam Tika ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF,_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A Full Text])</ref><blockquote>पाकयज्ञशब्दार्थः । लौकिकानां पाकयज्ञशब्दः ॥ आपस्तम्बगृह्यसूत्र २.९ ॥ pākayajñaśabdārthaḥ । laukikānāṁ pākayajñaśabdaḥ ॥ āpastambagr̥hyasūtra 2.9 ॥</blockquote>According the Haradatta's Anukulavrtti (अनुकूलावृत्ति) of the above Apastamba sutra <blockquote>लोके भवा<लौकिकाः>लोकस्मृतिलक्षणा इत्यर्थः । लोकशब्देन शिष्टा उच्यन्ते । पाकयज्ञ इति विवाहादीनां संज्ञा विधीयते । </blockquote><blockquote>पाकशब्दोऽल्पवचनः, यथाक्षिप्रं यजेत पाको देव (आप.गृ.२०१५) इति । पाकगुणको यज्ञः पाकयज्ञ इति निर्वचने आज्यहोमेषु संज्ञानस्यात् ।</blockquote>Laukika refers to one that pertains to Loka, which is defined by Smrtis. Loka shabda also refers to the Shista (a learned in Vedas and Vedangas). Pakayajna is a term that is applied during the wedding and other (samskaras). Paka also refers to the word Alpa (used in the sense of minor). By saying 'that yajna where cooked items are used' excludes the other Ajyahomas (where the offerings are of Ajya or ghee).

=== अल्पःप्रशस्तो वा यज्ञः ॥ Alpa and Prashasta Yajna ===

=== अल्पःप्रशस्तो वा यज्ञः ॥ Alpa and Prashasta Yajna ===

# स्वयं हौत्रम् ॥ Yajamana performs the pakayajnas himself along with his wife

# स्वयं हौत्रम् ॥ Yajamana performs the pakayajnas himself along with his wife

# संस्कारा उच्यन्ते ॥ In them are covered the Samskaras

# संस्कारा उच्यन्ते ॥ In them are covered the Samskaras

# Mostly deities and in few instances the ancestors are offered ahutis in these yajnas

# Mostly deities and in few instances the ancestors are offered ahutis in these yajnas.

{| class="wikitable"

{| class="wikitable"

|+Typical Features of Pakayajnas<ref name=":32">Sen, Chitrabhanu. (1978) ''A Dictionary of the Vedic Rituals. Based on the Srauta and Grhya Sutras.'' Delhi : Concept Publishing Company</ref>

|+Typical Features of Pakayajnas<ref name=":32">Sen, Chitrabhanu. (1978) ''A Dictionary of the Vedic Rituals. Based on the Srauta and Grhya Sutras.'' Delhi : Concept Publishing Company</ref>

=== फाल्गुनी ॥ Phalguni ===

=== फाल्गुनी ॥ Phalguni ===

Phalguni pakayajna is offered on the full-moon day of the month of Phaalguna. This yajna is mentioned in Manava and Katha Grhyasutras primarily. Both the Manava and Katha Grhyasutras lay down a procedure similar in many ways. On the full-moon day of Phaalguna the Apupas (cooked item made of grains) are offered to the deities Bhaga and Aryaman. Grains sacred to Indrani are ground and the flour is used to make figurine in pairs of as many animals as he owns. He then cooks and along with Ajya offers them as ahuti to Rudra or Ishana according to some. In the evening two Apupas are prepared for Indra and Agni. The Apupa offered to Indra is partaken by the inmates of the house. On the same day or on the following day sthalipaka is prepared and offered to Indrani.<blockquote>फाल्गुन्यां पौर्णमास्यां पुरस्ताद्धानापूपाभ्यां भगं चार्यमणं च यजेत् १ सायमपूपाभ्यां प्रचरत्यग्नीन्द्राभ्याम् ३ (Mana. Grhy. Sutr. 2.10.1 and 3)<ref>Manava Grhyasutras ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D Full Text])</ref> </blockquote>Katha GS mentions the same cooked preparation of Apupas but the deities offered to are Aryaman, Rudra, Aditi and Indrani with various mantras.<ref name=":0" />

Phalguni pakayajna is offered on the full-moon day of the month of Phaalguna. This yajna is mentioned in Manava and Katha Grhyasutras primarily. Both the Manava and Katha Grhyasutras lay down a procedure similar in many ways. On the full-moon day of Phaalguna the Apupas (cooked item made of grains) are offered to the deities Bhaga and Aryaman. Grains sacred to Indrani are ground and the flour is used to make figurine in pairs of as many animals as he owns. He then cooks and along with Ajya offers them as ahuti to Rudra or Ishana according to some. In the evening two Apupas are prepared for Indra and Agni. The Apupa offered to Indra is partaken by the inmates of the house. On the same day or on the following day sthalipaka is prepared and offered to Indrani.<blockquote>फाल्गुन्यां पौर्णमास्यां पुरस्ताद्धानापूपाभ्यां भगं चार्यमणं च यजेत् १ सायमपूपाभ्यां प्रचरत्यग्नीन्द्राभ्याम् ३ (Mana. Grhy. Sutr. 2.10.1 and 3)<ref>Manava Grhyasutras ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D Full Text])</ref> </blockquote>Katha GS mentions the same cooked preparation of Apupas but the deities offered to are Aryaman, Rudra, Aditi and Indrani with various mantras.<ref name=":0" />

== References ==

== References ==

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