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A proposition or statement of fact asserted in the form "this is so" is called Theory (or Doctrine). This is an "object" of cognition but yet is enunciated separately by itself because it is only when there are a number of different theories, and never otherwise, that the three forms of Debate - Discussion, Disagreement and Arguments become possible.

A proposition or statement of fact asserted in the form "this is so" is called Theory (or Doctrine). This is an "object" of cognition but yet is enunciated separately by itself because it is only when there are a number of different theories, and never otherwise, that the three forms of Debate - Discussion, Disagreement and Arguments become possible.

:<blockquote>तन्त्राधिकरणाभ्युपगमसंस्थितिः सिद्धान्तः ॥२६॥ {अभ्युपगमसिद्धान्तलक्षणम्} (Nyay. Sutr. 1.1.26)<ref name=":4" /></blockquote><blockquote>tantrādhikaraṇābhyupagamasaṁsthitiḥ siddhāntaḥ ॥26॥{abhyupagamasiddhāntalakṣaṇam}</blockquote>According to the Vatsyayana Bhashya

:<blockquote>तन्त्राधिकरणाभ्युपगमसंस्थितिः सिद्धान्तः ॥२६॥ {अभ्युपगमसिद्धान्तलक्षणम्} (Nyay. Sutr. 1.1.26)<ref name=":4" /></blockquote><blockquote>tantrādhikaraṇābhyupagamasaṁsthitiḥ siddhāntaḥ ॥26॥{abhyupagamasiddhāntalakṣaṇam}</blockquote>According to the Vatsyayana Bhashya,

:Tantrasamshitihi (तन्त्रासंस्थितिः) means the conviction resting on the direct assertions of tantra (shastra) standing for the teachings in connection with things connected with one another. Adhikaranasamsthitihi (अधिकरणसंस्थितिः) is the conviction resting on implication and not on direct assertion.  Abhyupagamasamsthitihi (अभ्युपगमसंस्थितिः) is the hypothetical and tentative acceptance of an opinion not duly ascertained.

:Tantrasamshitihi (तन्त्रासंस्थितिः) means the conviction resting on the direct assertions of tantra (shastra) standing for the teachings in connection with things related with one another. This includes the Sarvatantra and Pratitantra Siddhantas.

:Adhikaranasamsthitihi (अधिकरणसंस्थितिः) is the conviction resting on implication and not on direct assertion.   

:Abhyupagamasamsthitihi (अभ्युपगमसंस्थितिः) is the hypothetical and tentative acceptance of an opinion not duly ascertained.

:<blockquote>सः चतुर्विधः सर्वतन्त्रप्रतितन्त्राधिकरणाभ्युपगमसंस्थित्यर्थान्तरभावात्॥२७॥ {तन्त्रभेदौद्देशसूत्रम्} (Nyay. Sutr. 1.1.27)<ref name=":4">Nyaya Sutras ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 1 Ahnika 1])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>saḥ caturvidhaḥ sarvatantrapratitantrādhikaraṇābhyupagamasaṁsthityarthāntarabhāvāt॥27॥ {tantrabhēdauddēśasūtram} (Nyay. Sutr. 1.1.27)</blockquote>

:<blockquote>सः चतुर्विधः सर्वतन्त्रप्रतितन्त्राधिकरणाभ्युपगमसंस्थित्यर्थान्तरभावात्॥२७॥ {तन्त्रभेदौद्देशसूत्रम्} (Nyay. Sutr. 1.1.27)<ref name=":4">Nyaya Sutras ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 1 Ahnika 1])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>saḥ caturvidhaḥ sarvatantrapratitantrādhikaraṇābhyupagamasaṁsthityarthāntarabhāvāt॥27॥ {tantrabhēdauddēśasūtram} (Nyay. Sutr. 1.1.27)</blockquote>

There are four distinct kinds of Siddhantas, on account of diversity among the several philosophies.

There are four distinct kinds of Siddhantas, on account of diversity among the several philosophies. They are Sarvatantra, Pratitantra, Adhikarana and Abhiyupagama Siddhantas.

== सर्वतन्त्रसिद्धान्तः ॥ Sarvatantra ==

== सर्वतन्त्रसिद्धान्तः ॥ Sarvatantra ==

A Siddhanta common to all tantras is called Sarvatantra Siddhanta. It is that philosophical conviction, or theory, which is not incompatible with any philosophy.

A Siddhanta common to all tantras (shastras) is called Sarvatantra Siddhanta. It is that philosophical conviction, or theory, which is not incompatible with any philosophy.

:<blockquote>सर्वतन्त्राविरुद्धः तन्त्रे अधिकृतः अर्थः सर्वतन्त्रसिद्धान्तः॥२८॥ {सर्वतन्त्रसिद्धान्तलक्षणम्}</blockquote>

:<blockquote>सर्वतन्त्राविरुद्धः तन्त्रे अधिकृतः अर्थः सर्वतन्त्रसिद्धान्तः॥२८॥ {सर्वतन्त्रसिद्धान्तलक्षणम्}</blockquote>

== प्रतितन्त्रसिद्धान्तः॥ Pratitantra ==

== प्रतितन्त्रसिद्धान्तः॥ Pratitantra ==