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Sarama (Samskrit : सरमा) is Devashuni (Samskrit : देवशुनी) or the divine Mother of Dogs and [[Indra (इन्द्रः)|Indra]]'s subordinate as described in the [[Rigveda]]. Her son is referred to as Sarameya (सारमेयः)  (Rig Veda 7.55.2).  Legend goes that [[Panis (पणिकाः)|Panis]] stole the divine cows (गोग्रहणम् | gograhana) and hid them in caves. Devashuni or Sarama, by Indra's orders goes in search and locates them thereby helps Indra release them. Rigveda has many references to Sarama (1.62.3, 1.72.8, 3.31.6, 4.16.8, 5.45.7 and 8, and in mandala 10).

Sarama (Samskrit : सरमा) is Devashuni (Samskrit : देवशुनी) or the divine Mother of Dogs and [[Indra (इन्द्रः)|Indra]]'s subordinate as described in the [[Rigveda]]. Her son is referred to as Sarameya (सारमेयः)  (Rig Veda 7.55.2).  Legend goes that [[Panis (पणिकाः)|Panis]] stole the divine cows (गोग्रहणम् | gograhana) and hid them in caves. Devashuni or Sarama, by Indra's orders goes in search and locates them thereby, helps Indra release them. Rigveda has many references to Sarama (1.62.3, 1.72.8, 3.31.6, 4.16.8, 5.45.7 and 8, and in mandala 10).

== परिचयः || Introduction ==

== परिचयः || Introduction ==

In Srimad Bhagavata (6.6.24 to 26)<ref name=":0">Srimad Bhagavatapuranam English Translation ([http://bhagavata.org/canto6/chapter6.html Skanda 6 Adhyaya 6])</ref> it is said that Sarama is the wife of Kashyapa rishi and is the mother of all animals including tigers and lions. <blockquote>शृणु नामानि लोकानां मातॄणां शङ्कराणि च ।। २४ (Bhag. Pura. 6.6.24)<ref>Srimad Bhagavatapuranam ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%AC/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%AC Skanda 6 Adhaya 6])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>अथ कश्यपपत्नीनां यत्प्रसूतमिदं जगत् । अदितिर्दितिर्दनुः काष्ठा अरिष्टा सुरसा इला ।। २५ (Bhag. Pura. 6.6.25)</blockquote><blockquote>मुनिः क्रोधवशा ताम्रा सुरभिः सरमा तिमिः । तिमेर्यादोगणा आसन्श्वापदाः सरमासुताः २६ (Bhag. Pura. 6.6.26)</blockquote><blockquote>śṛṇu nāmāni lokānāṃ mātṝṇāṃ śaṅkarāṇi ca ।। 24 (Bhag. Pura. 6.6.24)

In Srimad Bhagavata (6.6.24 to 26)<ref name=":0">Srimad Bhagavatapuranam English Translation ([http://bhagavata.org/canto6/chapter6.html Skanda 6 Adhyaya 6])</ref> it is said that Sarama is the wife of Kashyapa rishi and is the mother of all animals including tigers and lions. <blockquote>शृणु नामानि लोकानां मातॄणां शङ्कराणि च ।। २४ (Bhag. Pura. 6.6.24)<ref>Srimad Bhagavatapuranam ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%AC/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%AC Skanda 6 Adhaya 6])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>अथ कश्यपपत्नीनां यत्प्रसूतमिदं जगत् । अदितिर्दितिर्दनुः काष्ठा अरिष्टा सुरसा इला ।। २५ (Bhag. Pura. 6.6.25)</blockquote><blockquote>मुनिः क्रोधवशा ताम्रा सुरभिः सरमा तिमिः । तिमेर्यादोगणा आसन्श्वापदाः सरमासुताः २६ (Bhag. Pura. 6.6.26)</blockquote><blockquote>śṛṇu nāmāni lokānāṃ mātṝṇāṃ śaṅkarāṇi ca ।। 24 (Bhag. Pura. 6.6.24)</blockquote><blockquote>atha kaśyapapatnīnāṃ yatprasūtamidaṃ jagat । aditirditirdanuḥ kāṣṭhā ariṣṭā surasā ilā ।। 25 (Bhag. Pura. 6.6.25)</blockquote><blockquote>muniḥ krodhavaśā tāmrā surabhiḥ saramā timiḥ । timeryādogaṇā āsanśvāpadāḥ saramāsutāḥ 26 (Bhag. Pura. 6.6.26)</blockquote>"O King Parikshit, now please hear from me the names of Kasyapa's wives, from whose wombs the population of the entire universe has come. They are the mothers of almost all the population of the entire universe and their names are very auspicious to hear. They are Aditi, Diti, Danu, Kashtha, Arishta, Surasa, Ila, Muni, Krodhavasha, Tamra, Surabhi, Sarama and Timi. From the womb of Timi, all the aquatics took birth and from the womb of Sarama, the ferocious animals like the tigers and lions took birth."<ref name=":0" />

atha kaśyapapatnīnāṃ yatprasūtamidaṃ jagat । aditirditirdanuḥ kāṣṭhā ariṣṭā surasā ilā ।। 25 (Bhag. Pura. 6.6.25) <br>

muniḥ krodhavaśā tāmrā surabhiḥ saramā timiḥ । timeryādogaṇā āsanśvāpadāḥ saramāsutāḥ 26 (Bhag. Pura. 6.6.26)</blockquote>"O King Parikshit, now please hear from me the names of Kasyapa's wives, from whose wombs the population of the entire universe has come. They are the mothers of almost all the population of the entire universe and their names are very auspicious to hear. They are Aditi, Diti, Danu, Kashtha, Arishta, Surasa, Ila, Muni, Krodhavasha, Tamra, Surabhi, Sarama and Timi. From the womb of Timi, all the aquatics took birth and from the womb of Sarama, the ferocious animals like the tigers and lions took birth."<ref name=":0" />

== व्युत्पत्तिः || Etymology ==

== व्युत्पत्तिः || Etymology ==

* Maharshi Yaska defines Sarama as सरमा सरणात् । saramā saraṇāt । (Nirukti 11.24)<ref>Nirukta ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 11])</ref>  

* Maharshi Yaska defines Sarama as सरमा सरणात् । saramā saraṇāt । (Nirukti 11.24)<ref>Nirukta ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 11])</ref>  

== संवादः || Discussion ==

== संवादः || Discussion ==

Rigveda explains that Vak (वाक्) exists in four forms, three of which are hidden and are comprehensible to only the jnanis (ज्ञानी-s) and the fourth is what men speak.<blockquote>चत्वारिवाक परिमितापदानितानि विदुर्ब्राह्मणाये मनीषिणः| गुहा तरीणि निहिता नेङगयन्ति तुरीयं वाचो मनुष्या वदन्ति || (Rig. Veda. 1.164.45)</blockquote><blockquote>catvārivāka parimitāpadānitāni vidurbrāhmaṇāye manīṣiṇaḥ| guhā tarīṇi nihitā neṅagayanti turīyaṃ vāco manuṣyā vadanti || (Rig. Veda. 1.164.45)</blockquote>The cows hidden in caves at a lofty mountainous location could be traced by the intelligent rishis. It is explained that the divine speech of Vedas has one such special power wherein one (a jnani similar to Angirasa) who is engaged in the vedic study by the power of Vedas is able to 'experience and see’. Such knowledge which can be experienced by concept is called Sarama.  

Rigveda explains that Vak (वाक्) exists in four forms, three of which are hidden and are comprehensible to only the jnanis (ज्ञानी-s) and the fourth is what men speak.<blockquote>चत्वारिवाक परिमितापदानितानि विदुर्ब्राह्मणाये मनीषिणः| गुहा तरीणि निहिता नेङगयन्ति तुरीयं वाचो मनुष्या वदन्ति || (Rig. Veda. 1.164.45)</blockquote><blockquote>catvārivāka parimitāpadānitāni vidurbrāhmaṇāye manīṣiṇaḥ| guhā tarīṇi nihitā neṅagayanti turīyaṃ vāco manuṣyā vadanti || (Rig. Veda. 1.164.45)</blockquote>The cows hidden in caves at a lofty mountainous location could be traced by the intelligent rishis. It is explained that the divine speech of Vedas has one such special power wherein one (a jnani similar to Angirasa) who is engaged in the vedic study, by the power of Vedas, is able to 'experience and see’. Such knowledge which can be experienced by concept is called Sarama.  

Therefore here the jnana (ज्ञानम्) is compared to the fragrance of the shruti (श्रुतिः) which can be recognized by the transcendental senses. In this way, recognition of fragrance by shvana (श्वनः | here, Indra’s dog) is important.<ref name=":3" />

Therefore, here, the jnana (ज्ञानम्) is compared to the fragrance of shruti (श्रुतिः) which can be recognized by the transcendental senses. In this way, recognition of fragrance by shvana (श्वनः | here, Indra’s dog) is important.<ref name=":3" />

== References ==

== References ==

[[Category:Legendary Animals]]

[[Category:Legendary Animals]]