Adharma (अधर्मः)
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The Bhagavata Purana (Skandha 7, Adhyaya 15) enumerating on Adharma says, those who have knowledge of righteous principles (true dharma), should steer clear of the five forms (branches) of adharma (impiety) known as follows[1][2](Verses 12-14[3]):
- Vidharma: धर्मबाधो विधर्मः |[3] dharmabādhō vidharmaḥ | ie. Principles that obstruct one from following one's own true dharma are called Vidharma.[2]
- Para-dharma: स्यात्परधर्मोऽन्यचोदितः |[3] syātparadharmō'nyacōditaḥ | ie. Course of conduct ordained for another varna or ashrama (e.g. fighting in the case of brahmanas).[1]
- Dharm-abhasa: यस्त्विच्छया कृतः पुम्भिराभासो ह्याश्रमात्पृथक् |[3] yastvicchayā kr̥taḥ pumbhirābhāsō hyāśramātpr̥thak | ie. Pretentious course of conduct adopted, to willfully neglect the different duties prescribed by the Vedas for different varnas and ashramas, according to one's fancy (e.g. the avadhuta mode of life) is called dharma-abhasa.[1][2]
- Upadharma: उपधर्मस्तु पाखण्डो |[3] upadharmastu pākhaṇḍō | ie. Newly coined principles, specially those coined by people with false pride and those who oppose the principles of the Vedas is called Upadharma.[2]
- Chala-dharma: दम्भो वा शब्दभिच्छलः |[3] dambhō vā śabdabhicchalaḥ | ie. Distortion of the text (through mis-interpretation) showing apparent conformity to the letter of the scriptures or quibbling.[1][2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare, The Bhagavata Purana (Part III), Ancient Indian Tradition & Mythology (Volume 9), Edited by J.L.Shastri, New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, P.no.985-996.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 A.C.Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, Srimad Bhagavatam (Seventh Canto), Part 3-Chapters 10-15, 1976: Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Bhagavata Purana, Skandha 7, Adhyaya 15.