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Line 123: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − * Do you renounce the following failings of the Raja namely, anger, neglect of Raja Dharma, procrastination, shunning the wise, laziness, bondage of the five senses, devoting thought to the affairs of the state without seeking the advise of others (Ministers etc.).<blockquote>नास्तिक्यम् अनृतं क्रोधं प्रमादं दीर्घसूत्रताम् | अदर्शनं ज्ञानवताम् आलस्यं पञ्चवृत्तिताम् || २-१००-६५ एक चिन्तनम् अर्थानाम् अनर्थज्नैः च मन्त्रणम् | निश्चितानाम् अनारम्भम् मन्त्रस्य अपरिलक्षणम् || २-१००-६६ एकचिन्तनमर्थानामनर्थज्ञैश्च मन्त्रणम्। निश्चितानामनारम्भं मन्त्रस्यापरिरक्षणम्।।2.100.66।। मन्गलस्य अप्रयोगम् च प्रत्युत्थानम् च सर्वशः | कच्चित् त्वम् वर्जयस्य् एतान् राज दोषामः चतुर् दश || २-१००-६७ मङ्गलाद्यप्रयोगं च प्रत्युत्थानं च सर्वतः। कच्चित्वं वर्जयस्येतान्राजदोषांश्चतुर्दश।।2.100.67।। − − Meaning: Do you abstain from the following fourteen doshas of kings viz. atheism, falsehood, anger, carelessness, procrastination, disregard of the wise, sloth, bondage to the five senses, himself alone devoting thought to the affairs of the state (without consulting the ministers); taking counsel with those of perverted insight; failure to undertake the projects already decided, failure to keep secrets, failure to utter auspicious words (at the beginning of an undertaking); and rising from one's seat (indiscriminately) to receive all.
Good Governance in Ramayana (रामायणे शासनधर्मः) (view source)
Revision as of 13:08, 27 May 2025
, 27 MayEditing and adding content with reference
* Protecting the citizens of the nation in accordance with righteousnes especially, those who live by the profession of agriculture and cattle-rearing that brings prosperity; nourishing them by affording protection and preventing adversities.
* Protecting the citizens of the nation in accordance with righteousnes especially, those who live by the profession of agriculture and cattle-rearing that brings prosperity; nourishing them by affording protection and preventing adversities.
<blockquote>कच्चित् ते दयिताः सर्वे कृषिगोरक्षजीविनः | वार्तायां संश्रितः तात लोको हि सुखम् एधते || २-१००-४७
<blockquote>कच्चित् ते दयिताः सर्वे कृषिगोरक्षजीविनः | वार्तायां संश्रितः तात लोको हि सुखम् एधते || २-१००-४७ तेषां गुप्तिपरीहारैः कच्चित् ते भरणं कृतम् | रक्ष्या हि राज्ञा धर्मेण सर्वे विषयवासिनः || २-१००-४८<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":14" /></blockquote>
तेषां गुप्तिपरीहारैः कच्चित् ते भरणं कृतम् | रक्ष्या हि राज्ञा धर्मेण सर्वे विषयवासिनः || २-१००-४८<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":14" /></blockquote>
* Appeasing the aged, children and the foremost physicians through dana (gifts), affection and kind words.
* Appeasing the aged, children and the foremost physicians through dana (gifts), affection and kind words.
मन्त्रो विजय मूलम् हि राज्ञां भवति राघव | सुसम्वृतो मन्त्र धरैर् अमात्यैः शास्त्रकोविदैः || २-१००-१६
मन्त्रो विजय मूलम् हि राज्ञां भवति राघव | सुसम्वृतो मन्त्र धरैर् अमात्यैः शास्त्रकोविदैः || २-१००-१६
कच्चिन् मन्त्रयसे न एकः कच्चिन् न बहुभिः सह | कच्चित् ते मन्त्रितो मन्त्रो राष्ट्रं न परिधावति || २-१००-१८<ref name=":12" /></blockquote>Rama also advocates secrecy within the counsel. He states that one's endeavours must become known to others only after they are successful or are about to succeed, and not in an intentional or proposed state. Therefore, without being revealed either by the Raja himself or his ministers, the details of the counsel with ministers should not be known to others through conjecture, inference or anyother means.<blockquote>कच्चित् तु सुकृतान्येव कृतरूपाणि वा पुनः | विदुः ते सर्वकार्याणि न कर्तव्यानि पार्थिवाः || २-१००-२०
कच्चिन् मन्त्रयसे न एकः कच्चिन् न बहुभिः सह | कच्चित् ते मन्त्रितो मन्त्रो राष्ट्रं न परिधावति || २-१००-१८<ref name=":12" /></blockquote>Rama also advocates secrecy within the counsel. He states that one's endeavours must become known to others only after they are successful or are about to succeed, and not in an intentional or proposed state. Therefore, without being revealed either by the Raja himself or his ministers, the details of the counsel with ministers should not be known to others through conjecture, inference or anyother means.<blockquote>कच्चित् तु सुकृतान्येव कृतरूपाणि वा पुनः | विदुः ते सर्वकार्याणि न कर्तव्यानि पार्थिवाः || २-१००-२० कच्चिन् न तर्कैर्युक्त्या वा ये च अप्यपरिकीर्तिताः | त्वया वा तव वा अमात्यैर्बुध्यते तात मन्त्रितम् || २-१००-२१<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":14" /></blockquote>Rama also iterates that it is important to solicit the help of one wise person instead of a thousand fools because it is a wise person who is of great help in difficult times. He says that while thousands of fools fail to render the required help, one wise, valiant, discerning and efficient minister alone is capable of securing the prosperity of those in authority.<blockquote>कच्चित् सहस्रान् मूर्खाणाम् एकम् इच्छसि पण्डितम् | पण्डितो ह्यर्थकृच्छ्रेषु कुर्यान् निश्रेयसं महत् || २-१००-२२
कच्चिन् न तर्कैर्युक्त्या वा ये च अप्यपरिकीर्तिताः | त्वया वा तव वा अमात्यैर्बुध्यते तात मन्त्रितम् || २-१००-२१<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":14" /></blockquote>Rama also iterates that it is important to solicit the help of one wise person instead of a thousand fools because it is a wise person who is of great help in difficult times. He says that while thousands of fools fail to render the required help, one wise, valiant, discerning and efficient minister alone is capable of securing the prosperity of those in authority.<blockquote>कच्चित् सहस्रान् मूर्खाणाम् एकम् इच्छसि पण्डितम् | पण्डितो ह्यर्थकृच्छ्रेषु कुर्यान् निश्रेयसं महत् || २-१००-२२
सहस्राण्यपि मूर्खाणां यद्युपास्ते महीपतिः | अथ वा अप्ययुतान्येव न अस्ति तेषु सहायता || २-१००-२३
सहस्राण्यपि मूर्खाणां यद्युपास्ते महीपतिः | अथ वा अप्ययुतान्येव न अस्ति तेषु सहायता || २-१००-२३
=== निर्वाहकगणनियोजनम् ॥ Delegation ===
=== निर्वाहकगणनियोजनम् ॥ Delegation ===
Rama's suggestions regarding delegation of tasks and appointments are as follows: <blockquote>कच्चिन् मुख्या महत्सु एव मध्यमेषु च मध्यमाः | जघन्याः च जघन्येषु भृत्याः कर्मसु योजिताः || २-१००-२५<ref name=":12" />
Rama's suggestions regarding delegation of tasks and appointments are as follows: <blockquote>कच्चिन् मुख्या महत्सु एव मध्यमेषु च मध्यमाः | जघन्याः च जघन्येषु भृत्याः कर्मसु योजिताः || २-१००-२५<ref name=":12" /> अमात्यान् उपधातीतान् पितृपैतामहान् शुचीन् | श्रेष्ठान् श्रेष्ठेषु कच्चित् त्वं नियोजयसि कर्मसु || २-१००-२६<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":14" /></blockquote>Meaning:
अमात्यान् उपधातीतान् पितृपैतामहान् शुचीन् | श्रेष्ठान् श्रेष्ठेषु कच्चित् त्वं नियोजयसि कर्मसु || २-१००-२६<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":14" /></blockquote>Meaning:
* Highly competent servants should be assigned with important tasks, mediocre servants with mediocre tasks and people with low competency should be assigned subservient tasks.
* Highly competent servants should be assigned with important tasks, mediocre servants with mediocre tasks and people with low competency should be assigned subservient tasks.
* Ministers who are unyielding to bribery and other temptations, holding positions hereditarily and who are full of integrity and eminence should be appointed in matters of great importance.<ref name=":14" /><ref name=":12" />
* Ministers who are unyielding to bribery and other temptations, holding positions hereditarily and who are full of integrity and eminence should be appointed in matters of great importance.<ref name=":14" /><ref name=":12" />
For it is said that tears fallen from the eyes of those who are victims of false accusations and are punished merely for the pleasure of those in command has the power to destroy their progeny and cattle.<blockquote>यानि मिथ्या अभिशस्तानां पतन्त्यश्रूणि राघव | तानि पुत्रान्पशून्घ्नन्ति प्रीत्यर्थम् अनुशासतः || २-१००-५९<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":14" /></blockquote>
For it is said that tears fallen from the eyes of those who are victims of false accusations and are punished merely for the pleasure of those in command has the power to destroy their progeny and cattle.<blockquote>यानि मिथ्या अभिशस्तानां पतन्त्यश्रूणि राघव | तानि पुत्रान्पशून्घ्नन्ति प्रीत्यर्थम् अनुशासतः || २-१००-५९<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":14" /></blockquote>
=== व्यक्तित्वोद्धारः ॥ Personality Development ===
Rama enlists 14 shortcomings that must be avoided by a leader viz.
{{Columns-list|#atheism or disbelief in the authority of the Vedas
#falsehood
#anger
#carelessness
#procrastination
#disregarding the wise
#laziness
#bondage to the five senses
#thinking by oneself regarding state affairs (without counsel)
#taking counsel from those devoid of wisdom
#failure to implement decisions
#inability to keep counsel secrets
#omission of auspicious practices
#setting out against all the enemies at once|colwidth=17em}}<blockquote>नास्तिक्यम् अनृतं क्रोधं प्रमादं दीर्घसूत्रताम् | अदर्शनं ज्ञानवताम् आलस्यं पञ्चवृत्तिताम् || २-१००-६५
एकचिन्तनम् अर्थानाम् अनर्थज्ञैश्च मन्त्रणम् | निश्चितानाम् अनारम्भं मन्त्रस्य अपरिरक्षणम् || २-१००-६६
मङ्गलस्य अप्रयोगं च प्रत्युत्थानं च सर्वतः | कच्चित् त्वं वर्जयस्येतान् राजदोषांश्चतुर्दश || २-१००-६७<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":14" /></blockquote>
=== Others ===
=== Others ===
I hope that you consult with three or four ministers as mentioned in scriptures any proposal collectively and singly with each of them in secret.<blockquote>मन्त्रिभिस्त्वं यथोद्दिष्टैश्चतुर्भिस्त्रिभिरेव वा | कच्चित्समस्तैर्व्यस्तैश्च मन्त्रं मन्त्रयसे मिथः || २-१००-७१</blockquote>
I hope that you consult with three or four ministers as mentioned in scriptures any proposal collectively and singly with each of them in secret.<blockquote>मन्त्रिभिस्त्वं यथोद्दिष्टैश्चतुर्भिस्त्रिभिरेव वा | कच्चित्समस्तैर्व्यस्तैश्च मन्त्रं मन्त्रयसे मिथः || २-१००-७१</blockquote>
* Are you avoiding eight evils born out of anger ?
* Are you avoiding eight evils born out of anger ?
<blockquote>दशपंचचतुर्वर्गान् सप्तवर्गं च तत्त्वतः | अष्टवर्गम् त्रिवर्गं च विद्यास्तिस्रश्च राघव २-१००-६८
<blockquote>दशपंचचतुर्वर्गान् सप्तवर्गं च तत्त्वतः | अष्टवर्गम् त्रिवर्गं च विद्यास्तिस्रश्च राघव २-१००-६८