Difference between revisions of "Sukha and Ananda (सुखानन्दश्च)"
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| + | Ananda (Samskrit: आनन्दः) is a term of great significance in Indian philosophical traditions and in other cultures. Across time and cultures, human beings attached great value to Ananda, roughly translated into happiness, pleasure etc., and have been trying to find it. In this process, philosophies have been developed, books have been written and teachings have been given. The ideas of happiness are closely linked with the larger framework of reality and human nature which one carries in their mind. Conceptualization of the nature of happiness and well-being primarily depend on the worldview one holds that lead to differing assumptions on the nature of reality and of human nature. It has varied across cultures on a spectrum ranging from hedonic to transcendent viewpoints.<ref>Salagame, Kiran Kumar, "Happiness and well-being in Indian tradition," ''Psychological Studies'' 51, no. 2-3, (2006): 105-112.</ref> | ||
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| + | == परिचयः ॥ Introduction == | ||
| + | The pursuit of happiness has been the axiomatic reference of all human endeavors across cultures and timelines. In Indian traditions we quite often hear about सर्वे भवन्तु सुखिनः and लोकाः समस्ताः सुखिनो भवन्तु। lokāḥ samastāḥ sukhino bhavantu॥ let all the beings in all worlds be happy. | ||
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| + | The need to seek 'happiness' and be 'happy' through all one's actions is universally acknowledged as the main motivating force in the lives of people.<ref name=":0">Banavathy, V.K., Choudry, A. Understanding Happiness: A Vedantic Perspective. ''Psychol Stud'' 59, 141–152 (2014). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s12646-013-0230-x</nowiki></ref> | ||
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| + | Currently, the study of well-being ([[Svasthya (स्वास्थ्यम्)|Svasthya]]) and happiness (ananda, sukha) has acquired central focus in the discipline of psychology and more so in positive psychology as a subject. | ||
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| + | At present, there are two dominant approaches to human happiness and well‐being: | ||
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| + | * Hedonic perspectives | ||
| + | * Eudaimonic perspectives | ||
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| + | The hedonic perspective with its roots in Hedonism – an ancient school of thought which argues that pleasure is the only intrinsic good, seeks to maximize one’s happiness by maximizing one’s pleasure and avoiding displeasures. Subjective Well-being (SWB) has been associated with the hedonistic approach. Wellbeing in itself refers to the optimal psychological experience and functioning of the individual. As it involves people evaluating themselves subjectively, the extent to which they experience a sense of wellness is termed as Subjective Well-being (SWB).<ref name=":0" /> | ||
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| + | The eudaimonic perspective of happiness is defined as the highest good that one seeks and one ought to seek as the end in itself and not as a means to any other end. It results from a life based on virtuousness and contemplation. Psychological well-being (PWB) is the counterpart of SWB in the eudaimonic tradition.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
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Why does happiness matter? | Why does happiness matter? | ||
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Receive a gift - purchasing a gift increases happiness not receiving, biologists and neurologists found a neural link, create happiness for others. | Receive a gift - purchasing a gift increases happiness not receiving, biologists and neurologists found a neural link, create happiness for others. | ||
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| + | == References == | ||
| + | [[Category:Yoga]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Vedanta]] | ||
Revision as of 04:23, 21 March 2023
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Ananda (Samskrit: आनन्दः) is a term of great significance in Indian philosophical traditions and in other cultures. Across time and cultures, human beings attached great value to Ananda, roughly translated into happiness, pleasure etc., and have been trying to find it. In this process, philosophies have been developed, books have been written and teachings have been given. The ideas of happiness are closely linked with the larger framework of reality and human nature which one carries in their mind. Conceptualization of the nature of happiness and well-being primarily depend on the worldview one holds that lead to differing assumptions on the nature of reality and of human nature. It has varied across cultures on a spectrum ranging from hedonic to transcendent viewpoints.[1]
परिचयः ॥ Introduction
The pursuit of happiness has been the axiomatic reference of all human endeavors across cultures and timelines. In Indian traditions we quite often hear about सर्वे भवन्तु सुखिनः and लोकाः समस्ताः सुखिनो भवन्तु। lokāḥ samastāḥ sukhino bhavantu॥ let all the beings in all worlds be happy.
The need to seek 'happiness' and be 'happy' through all one's actions is universally acknowledged as the main motivating force in the lives of people.[2]
Currently, the study of well-being (Svasthya) and happiness (ananda, sukha) has acquired central focus in the discipline of psychology and more so in positive psychology as a subject.
At present, there are two dominant approaches to human happiness and well‐being:
- Hedonic perspectives
- Eudaimonic perspectives
The hedonic perspective with its roots in Hedonism – an ancient school of thought which argues that pleasure is the only intrinsic good, seeks to maximize one’s happiness by maximizing one’s pleasure and avoiding displeasures. Subjective Well-being (SWB) has been associated with the hedonistic approach. Wellbeing in itself refers to the optimal psychological experience and functioning of the individual. As it involves people evaluating themselves subjectively, the extent to which they experience a sense of wellness is termed as Subjective Well-being (SWB).[2]
The eudaimonic perspective of happiness is defined as the highest good that one seeks and one ought to seek as the end in itself and not as a means to any other end. It results from a life based on virtuousness and contemplation. Psychological well-being (PWB) is the counterpart of SWB in the eudaimonic tradition.[2]
Why does happiness matter?
Offers us meaning and purpose of life. It helps discover new passions, generate curiosity, builds strong coping skill and emotional resources. Tolerate risks and and anxiety, keeps us healthy mentally and physically.
Why important to study happiness scientifically?
To develop more insight, awareness and orientation about ourselves.
to get rid of misconceptions about happiness. ridding about misconceptions of life, career, notions of people, stereotypes of people helps us develop resilience.
supports turbulent life experiences and manage failure
to create happiness for others and thus create our happy surroundings
What are means of happiness?
Social sciences in general, but Neurosciences, Behavioural sciences, and Computational science take advantage of the theory of happiness. Fundamental We share the findings of methodologies of different disciplines.
Guiding philosophies of happiness
Life over career, Context (life experience) over content, attitude (creates a mindset to meet someone, face fears, for overcoming troubles and progressing) over aptitude and choice (helps experience the myriad shades of emotions not just happiness) over compulsion
What makes us happy?
Affluence in bio-psycho-social resource that determine the quality of living and prosperity
Autonomy in freedom to choose or in meaningful physical and mental engagements
Appreciation for life as a whole that determines life satisfaction (subjective wellbeing)
Science or Practice - Both
Genotype or Phenotype - Gene for happiness
Process or outcome - outcome is a target, targets change, process is memory based happiness, outcome is moment based happiness
Thinking or Blinking -
Mind or mindset - primal belief whether world is hostile
Conclusions
Insight (foe self) and awareness (about iothers)
Sustain positve feeling and adapt to stressful experience
Betweenness with interpersonal skill and within-ness
Misconceptions about happiness
Money increases happiness - happiness does not increase after a salary of 75K $ and begins to plateau after a decent salary
Receive a gift - purchasing a gift increases happiness not receiving, biologists and neurologists found a neural link, create happiness for others.