Difference between revisions of "Manusmrti (मनुस्मृतिः)"
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It is said that the laws of Manu were intended for the Satya Yuga, those of Yajnavalkya for the Treta Yuga, those of Sankha and Likhita for the Dvapara Yuga and those of Parashara for the Kali Yuga. All of them contain code of conduct for mankind. And among them, Manusmrti is noted as the ancient most. Yajnavalkya Smrti follows on similar lines as the Manusmrti and the two are accepted as authoritative works on law all over Bharata.<ref>Swami Sivananda (1999), [http://www.dlshq.org/download/hinduismbk.pdf All About Hinduism], Uttar Pradesh: The Divine Life Society.</ref> | It is said that the laws of Manu were intended for the Satya Yuga, those of Yajnavalkya for the Treta Yuga, those of Sankha and Likhita for the Dvapara Yuga and those of Parashara for the Kali Yuga. All of them contain code of conduct for mankind. And among them, Manusmrti is noted as the ancient most. Yajnavalkya Smrti follows on similar lines as the Manusmrti and the two are accepted as authoritative works on law all over Bharata.<ref>Swami Sivananda (1999), [http://www.dlshq.org/download/hinduismbk.pdf All About Hinduism], Uttar Pradesh: The Divine Life Society.</ref> | ||
− | == महत्त्वं प्राचीनत्वं च ॥ Importance and Antiquity == | + | == महत्त्वं प्राचीनत्वं च ॥ Importance and Antiquity<ref>Girija Prasad Dvivedi (1917), [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.343659/page/n27/mode/2up The Manusmriti], Lucknow: Newal Kishore Press.</ref> == |
− | It is said that by the term Smrti is denoted Dharmashastra.<blockquote>श्रुतिस्तु वेदो विज्ञेयो धर्मशास्त्रं तु वै स्मृतिः । २.१० ।<ref>Manusmrti, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 2]</ref> ''śrutistu vedo vijñeyo dharmaśāstraṁ tu vai smr̥tiḥ । 2.10 ।''</blockquote>And there are as many as 71 smrtis enlisted in various smrti texts. | + | It is said that by the term Smrti is denoted Dharmashastra.<blockquote>श्रुतिस्तु वेदो विज्ञेयो धर्मशास्त्रं तु वै स्मृतिः । २.१० ।<ref>Manusmrti, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 2]</ref> ''śrutistu vedo vijñeyo dharmaśāstraṁ tu vai smr̥tiḥ । 2.10 ।''</blockquote>And there are as many as 71 smrtis enlisted in various smrti texts. Among them, the code of laws known as Manusmrti, ascribed to the first Manu named Svayambhuva Manu, is considered the foremost.<ref>Vaman Shivram Apte (1985), [https://archive.org/details/practicalsanskri00apteuoft/page/740/mode/2up The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary], Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.</ref> Infact, according to Brhaspati, the importance of Manusmrti is due to it collecting the essence of the Vedas. And hence, any smrti that goes tangential to Manusmrti is considered unpraiseworthy.<blockquote>वेदार्थोपनिबद्धत्वात्प्राधान्यं हि मनोः स्मृतम् । मन्वर्थविपरीता तु या स्मृतिः सा न शस्यते ॥<ref name=":0">Manusmrti ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83_(%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE) Manvarthamuktavali Samvalita])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>''vedārthopanibaddhatvātprādhānyaṁ hi manoḥ smr̥tam । manvarthaviparītā tu yā smr̥tiḥ sā na śasyate ॥''</blockquote>Moreover, the praise of Manu's tenets are obtained in the shrutis itself that are the basis for all smrtis.<blockquote>मनुर्वै यत् किंचावदत्तद् भेषजं एवावदत्, तद् भेषजत्वायैव । 2.1.5 ।<ref>Maitrayani Samhita, Kanda 2, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%82_%E0%A5%A8/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A7 Prapathaka 1]</ref> </blockquote><blockquote>''manurvai yat kiṁcāvadattad bheṣajaṁ evāvadat, tad bheṣajatvāyaiva । 2.1.5 ।''</blockquote>Meaning: Whatever is proposed by Manu is to be taken like medicine. |
− | + | Similar saying on Manusmrti is also said to be found in the Mahabharata. <blockquote>पुराणं मानवो धर्मः साङ्गो वेदश्चिकित्सितम् । आज्ञासिद्धानि चत्वारि न हन्तव्यानि हेतुभिः ॥<ref name=":0" /> </blockquote><blockquote>''purāṇaṁ mānavo dharmaḥ sāṅgo vedaścikitsitam । ājñāsiddhāni catvāri na hantavyāni hetubhiḥ ॥''</blockquote>Also, the knowledge of dharma passed on by Manu and his shishya parampara is seen in the form of quotations in other smrti texts that go by the name of Manu. | |
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− | पुराणं मानवो धर्मः साङ्गो वेदश्चिकित्सितम् । आज्ञासिद्धानि चत्वारि न हन्तव्यानि हेतुभिः ॥ | ||
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− | Also, the knowledge of dharma passed on by Manu and his shishya parampara is seen in the form of quotations in other smrti texts that go by the name of Manu. | ||
For example, | For example, | ||
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There have been many commentaries on the Manusmrti out of which the ones by Medhatithi, Sarvajna Narayana, Govindaraja, Kulluka, Raghavaananda, Nandana and Ramachandra are well-known. | There have been many commentaries on the Manusmrti out of which the ones by Medhatithi, Sarvajna Narayana, Govindaraja, Kulluka, Raghavaananda, Nandana and Ramachandra are well-known. | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Manusmrti - Girija Prasad Dwivedi) | ||
+ | |||
+ | == शास्त्रप्रचारः ॥ Propagation of Manusmrti == | ||
+ | The story of propogation of Manusmrti | ||
+ | |||
+ | इदं शास्त्रं तु कृत्वासौ मां एव स्वयं आदितः । विधिवद्ग्राहयां आस मरीच्यादींस्त्वहं मुनीन् । । १.५८ । । | ||
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+ | एतद्वोऽयं भृगुः शास्त्रं श्रावयिष्यत्यशेसतः । एतद्धि मत्तोऽधिजगे सर्वं एषोऽखिलं मुनिः । । १.५९ । । | ||
+ | |||
+ | ततस्तथा स तेनोक्तो महर्षिमनुना भृगुः । तानब्रवीदृषीन्सर्वान्प्रीतात्मा श्रूयतां इति । । १.६० । । | ||
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+ | It is mentioned in the Manusmrti itself that Maharshi Bhrgu learnt all the dharmas from Manu and on his advice, he taught the same to other rshis and versified it for the benefit of all that became popular by the name Manusmrti. It is hence that the line भृगुप्रोक्तायां संहितायां is found at the end of all adhyayas in Manusmrti. | ||
(Manusmrti - Girija Prasad Dwivedi) | (Manusmrti - Girija Prasad Dwivedi) |
Revision as of 17:03, 16 September 2021
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Add and improvise the content from reliable sources. |
Manusmrti (Samskrit: मनुस्मृतिः) is the name of the text written by Manu or Manavacharya known as the father of mankind that prescribes code of conduct with a view to establish a harmonious social life.[1]
परिचयः ॥ Introduction
Manu, Yajnavalkya and Parashara are some of the most celebrated law-givers of Bharata. Bharatiya society is founded on, and governed by, the laws made by these three great rishis. The granthas that enumerate these law codes are termed as Smrtis and many of them are named after their authors. Thus, we have texts like
- Manusmrti or Manava Dharmashastra (Laws of Manu or the Institutes of Manu)
- Yajnavalkya Smrti
- Parashara Smrti, etc.
It is said that the laws of Manu were intended for the Satya Yuga, those of Yajnavalkya for the Treta Yuga, those of Sankha and Likhita for the Dvapara Yuga and those of Parashara for the Kali Yuga. All of them contain code of conduct for mankind. And among them, Manusmrti is noted as the ancient most. Yajnavalkya Smrti follows on similar lines as the Manusmrti and the two are accepted as authoritative works on law all over Bharata.[2]
महत्त्वं प्राचीनत्वं च ॥ Importance and Antiquity[3]
It is said that by the term Smrti is denoted Dharmashastra.
श्रुतिस्तु वेदो विज्ञेयो धर्मशास्त्रं तु वै स्मृतिः । २.१० ।[4] śrutistu vedo vijñeyo dharmaśāstraṁ tu vai smr̥tiḥ । 2.10 ।
And there are as many as 71 smrtis enlisted in various smrti texts. Among them, the code of laws known as Manusmrti, ascribed to the first Manu named Svayambhuva Manu, is considered the foremost.[5] Infact, according to Brhaspati, the importance of Manusmrti is due to it collecting the essence of the Vedas. And hence, any smrti that goes tangential to Manusmrti is considered unpraiseworthy.
वेदार्थोपनिबद्धत्वात्प्राधान्यं हि मनोः स्मृतम् । मन्वर्थविपरीता तु या स्मृतिः सा न शस्यते ॥[6]
vedārthopanibaddhatvātprādhānyaṁ hi manoḥ smr̥tam । manvarthaviparītā tu yā smr̥tiḥ sā na śasyate ॥
Moreover, the praise of Manu's tenets are obtained in the shrutis itself that are the basis for all smrtis.
मनुर्वै यत् किंचावदत्तद् भेषजं एवावदत्, तद् भेषजत्वायैव । 2.1.5 ।[7]
manurvai yat kiṁcāvadattad bheṣajaṁ evāvadat, tad bheṣajatvāyaiva । 2.1.5 ।
Meaning: Whatever is proposed by Manu is to be taken like medicine. Similar saying on Manusmrti is also said to be found in the Mahabharata.
पुराणं मानवो धर्मः साङ्गो वेदश्चिकित्सितम् । आज्ञासिद्धानि चत्वारि न हन्तव्यानि हेतुभिः ॥[6]
purāṇaṁ mānavo dharmaḥ sāṅgo vedaścikitsitam । ājñāsiddhāni catvāri na hantavyāni hetubhiḥ ॥
Also, the knowledge of dharma passed on by Manu and his shishya parampara is seen in the form of quotations in other smrti texts that go by the name of Manu.
For example,
The Parashara Smrti says,
अग्निरापश्च वेदाश्च सोमसूर्यानिलास्तथा । एते सर्वेऽपि विप्राणां श्रोत्रे तिष्ठन्ति दक्षिणे ॥ ३९ ॥
प्रभासादीनि तीर्थानि गङ्गाद्याः सरितस्तथा । विप्रस्य दक्षिणे कर्णे सान्निध्यं मुनिरब्रवीत् ॥ ४० ॥
मनुना चैव्येकेन सर्वशास्त्राणि जानता । प्रायश्चित्तं तु तेनोक्तं गोघ्नश्चान्द्रायणं चरेत् ॥ ४१ ॥
The following two verses from the Manusmrti is found in the Ramayana
शासनाद्वा विमोक्षाद्वा स्तेनः स्तेयाद्विमुच्यते । अशासित्वा तु तं राजा स्तेनस्याप्नोति किल्बिषम् । । ८.३१६ । ।
राजभिः कृतदण्डास्तु कृत्वा पापानि मानवाः । निर्मलाः स्वर्गं आयान्ति सन्तः सुकृतिनो यथा । । ८.३१८ । ।
It is said in the kishkindhakanda of the Valmiki Ramayana
श्रूयते मनुना गीतौ श्लोकौ चारित्र वत्सलौ ॥ गृहीतौ धर्म कुशलैः तथा तत् चरितम् मया ॥४-१८-३०॥
राजभिः धृत दण्डाः च कृत्वा पापानि मानवाः । निर्मलाः स्वर्गम् आयान्ति सन्तः सुकृतिनो यथा ॥४-१८-३१॥
शसनात् वा अपि मोक्षात् वा स्तेनः पापात् प्रमुच्यते । राजा तु अशासन् पापस्य तद् आप्नोति किल्बिषम् ॥४-१८-३२॥
Though some pathabheda has crept over the period of time, the meaning of these verses is the same. This shows that it was this Manusmrti that was prevalent in the times of Valmiki.
Manusmrti is an ancient smrti shastra. Its verses are found in the Valmiki Ramayana as well as other smrti texts.
There have been many commentaries on the Manusmrti out of which the ones by Medhatithi, Sarvajna Narayana, Govindaraja, Kulluka, Raghavaananda, Nandana and Ramachandra are well-known.
(Manusmrti - Girija Prasad Dwivedi)
शास्त्रप्रचारः ॥ Propagation of Manusmrti
The story of propogation of Manusmrti
इदं शास्त्रं तु कृत्वासौ मां एव स्वयं आदितः । विधिवद्ग्राहयां आस मरीच्यादींस्त्वहं मुनीन् । । १.५८ । ।
एतद्वोऽयं भृगुः शास्त्रं श्रावयिष्यत्यशेसतः । एतद्धि मत्तोऽधिजगे सर्वं एषोऽखिलं मुनिः । । १.५९ । ।
ततस्तथा स तेनोक्तो महर्षिमनुना भृगुः । तानब्रवीदृषीन्सर्वान्प्रीतात्मा श्रूयतां इति । । १.६० । ।
It is mentioned in the Manusmrti itself that Maharshi Bhrgu learnt all the dharmas from Manu and on his advice, he taught the same to other rshis and versified it for the benefit of all that became popular by the name Manusmrti. It is hence that the line भृगुप्रोक्तायां संहितायां is found at the end of all adhyayas in Manusmrti.
(Manusmrti - Girija Prasad Dwivedi)
Structure and Contents
The book contains twelve chapters.
The contents of each of the other eleven chapters are given below:
Adhyaya | Contents | Number of Shlokas |
---|---|---|
1 | The first chapter deals with the origin of the smṛti and the origin of the world. No other smṛti begins like this and so it is believed that this chapter must have been added to it later. | 119 |
2 | Second chapter. It deals with the sense organs and stresses the importance of conquering and controlling them. It describes the qualities of a brahmana. | 249 |
3 | Third chapter. It contains the duties of a householder after his course of study of the Vedas. Eight different kinds of marriages are described in it. It also deals with methods of giving protection to women and children. | 286 |
4 | Fourth chapter. Duties of a brāhmaṇa, study of the Vedas and responsibilities of a Snātaka are all described in this chapter. | 260 |
5 | Fifth chapter. This deals with pure and impure foods, impurity and methods of purification, women and their responsibilities. | 169 |
6 | Sixth Chapter. This contains the duties of those who have entered the āśhrama of vānaprastha and also of ascetics. | 96 |
7 | Seventh chapter. It deals with the duties of Rulers and ministers. | 226 |
8 | Eighth chapter. It deals with law and justice. It contains laws for the proper conduct of justice and includes ways and means of settling disputes and handling cases of debts, sale without right, partnership, duels, theft, prostitution, boundary disputes and all such matters as are to be decided by a court of law. | 420 |
9 | Ninth chapter. It deals with the duties of a husband and wife. It also contains matters relating to property rights, partition and the duties of a Raja with regard to these. | 336 |
10 | Tenth chapter. It deals with the duties of the different varnas, mixed varnas and the duties of one in times of danger. | 131 |
11 | Eleventh chapter. It deals first with penance, observation of Vratas, Yāgas, Yajñas and fee to the priests. It then deals with punishments of crimes, expiation for murder, prostitution etc. | 266 |
12 | Twelfth chapter. It deals with the theory of births and describes how your deeds in the present life are directive of the nature of life of your next birth. What deeds would fetch you what life is also explained. It contains instructions on Ātmajñāna and the way to obtain mokṣa (absolute bliss). | 126 |
The basis of the present Hindu Law is Manusmṛti.
(Puranic Encyclopedia)
Topic-wise index of Manusmrti
Manusmrti - Girija Prasad Dwivedi
Sr.no | Topic | Adhyaya | Shlokas |
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1 | Beginning | 1 | 1-4 |
2 | Gross and Subtle creation | 1 | 5-57
61-84 87 |
3 | Propogation of shastra | 1 | 58-60
119 |
4 | Praise of the shastra (Achara Mahatmya) | 1 | 102-110 |
5 | Subject matter of the Shastra | 1 | 111-118 |
6 | Entitlement to the shastra | 2 | 16 |
7 | Unauthoritative shastra | 12 | 95-96 |
8 | Dharma Pithika | 2 | 1-5 |
9 | Dharma | 2 | 6-15 (Proof in Dharma) |
4 | 170-176
238-243 | ||
8 | 15-17 | ||
1 | 85-86 | ||
6 | 91-93 (10 lakshanas of Dharma) | ||
10 | 63 (Sadharana Dharma), 97 | ||
10 | Dharmika Sabha | 12 | 107-117
105-106 (Qualification as a Dharma shastra) |
11 | Achara | 4 | 155-158 (Dharma mula) |
12 | Yajniya Desha | 2 | 17-25 (Desha Vibhaga) |
13 | Apavitra Desha | 10 | 43-44 |
14 | Brahmana Varna | 1 | 92-101 |
15 | Activities of a Brahmana | 1 | 88 |
10 | 74-76 | ||
16 | Importance of a Brahmana | 2 | 150-156 |
3 | 183-186 | ||
9 | 313-321 | ||
11 | 35 | ||
10 | 3 | ||
17 | Brahmana Dharma | 2 | 162-163
167 |
4 | 1-17
33-36 80-81 84-91 110-111 117 186-187 (Pratigraha Nishedha) 205-206 (Bhojana Nishedha) 247-252 | ||
10 | 109-114 | ||
11 | 24-25
38-43 | ||
18 | Apaddharma of Brahmanas | 4 | 223 |
10 | 81-93
101-104 | ||
11 | 16-17 | ||
19 | Bhakshya and Abhakshya for Brahmanas | 4 | 207-222 |
11 | 96 | ||
20 | Unfit Brahmana | 2 | 103
118 168 |
11 | 36-37 | ||
21 | Foolish Brahmana | 2 | 157-158 |
3 | 132-133 | ||
4 | 188-191 | ||
22 | Kshatriya Varna | 1 | 89 |
10 | 77
79-80 117 | ||
23 | Vaishya Varna | 1 | 90 |
9 | 326-333 | ||
10 | 78
98 | ||
24 | Shudra Varna | 1 | 91 |
5 | 139-140 | ||
9 | 334-335 | ||
10 | 99-100
121-131 | ||
4 | 253-256 | ||
25 | Brahmachari | 2 | 69
109-116 (Teaching the deserving) 140-144 147-149 |
26 | Dharma of a Brahmachari | 2 | 70-87
101-108 159-161 164-166 169-223 |
3 | 1-3 | ||
4 | 95-127 | ||
5 | 88
159 | ||
27 | Grhastha | 3 | 77-80
63-66 |
6 | 87-90 | ||
10 | 1-2
115-116 | ||
11 | 28-30 | ||
28 | Varna Dharma (Samskara) | 2 | 26-68 |
29 | Ahnika (Dinacharya) | 3 | 67-76
81-121 |
4 | 45-52
92-94 201-203 | ||
5 | 132-139 | ||
30 | Snataka Dharma and Grhastha Dharma | 2 | 224-240 |
3 | 45-50 | ||
4 | 18-32
37-44 53-79 82-83 128-153 159-169 175-185 192-204 224-237 244-246 256-260 | ||
11 | 6-10 | ||
31 | Sammana | 2 | 117
119-139 145-146 |
4 | 154 | ||
32 | Emergency | 8 | 348-351 |
11 | 31-34 | ||
33 | Vivaha | 3 | 20-21
22-44 51-54 |
9 | 47 | ||
34 | Dharma of the Groom | 3 | 4-19 |
35 | Dharma of the Bride | 9 | 90-92 |
36 | Rules of Vivaha | 3 | 171-172 |
5 | 167-169 | ||
8 | 204-205
224-227 | ||
9 | 69-73
88-89 93-100 80-83 175-176 | ||
11 | 5 | ||
37 | Putrika karana | 9 | 127-129
139-140 |
38 | Stri | 3 | 55-62 |
9 | 1-25
26-46 48-56 74-79 | ||
11 | 177-178 | ||
39 | Stri Dharma | 5 | 146-158
160-166 |
9 | 84-87 | ||
40 | Dharma of Stri and Purusha | 9 | 101-102 |
41 | Niyoga | 9 | 57-68 |
42 | Putra | 9 | 137-138
182-183 158-181 |
43 | Varna and Life | 10 | 4-62
64-73 (Bija and Kshetra) |
44 | Shraddha | 3 | 122-286 |
45 | Bhaksya and Abhakshya of Dvijatiyas | 5 | 1-25 |
46 | Prohibition of meat | 5 | 26-56 |
47 | Purification of things | 5 | 110-131 |
48 | Dharma Bhikshu | 11 | 1-4
11-16 18-23 |
Sr. no. | Topic | Adhyaya | Shlokas |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Importance of Raja | 7 | 1-13 |
9 | 301-302 | ||
2 | Raja Dharma | 7 | 26-40
41-42 43-53 77-86 99-112 145-169 212-226 |
8 | 172-175
395 | ||
9 | 300
303-312 322-325 | ||
3 | Rajya Prabandha | 7 | 54-76
141-144 113-126 |
8 | 27-41
386-387 | ||
9 | 294-299 | ||
4 | State Taxation | 7 | 127-140 |
8 | 394
404-409 | ||
10 | 118-120 | ||
5 | Sangrama | 7 | 87-98
170-211 |
6 | Rna | 8 | 1-14
18-26 42-112 140-171 176-178 |
7 | 113-123 | ||
7 | Nikshepa | 8 | 179-196 |
8 | Paradhana Vikraya | 8 | 197-203 |
9 | Sambhuya Karmakari (Business Partner) | 8 | 206-213 |
10 | Salary | 8 | 214-217 |
11 | Maryada Bhedana | 8 | 218-221 |
12 | Krita Paravartana | 8 | 222-223
228 |
13 | Pashu Svamipala | 8 | 229-244 |
14 | Border | 8 | 245-265 |
15 | Vak Parushya | 8 | 266-277 |
16 | Danda Parushya | 8 | 278-300 |
17 | Theft | 8 | 301-331
333-347 |
18 | Dacoity | 8 | 332 |
19 | Vyabhichara | 8 | 352-385 |
20 | Dyuta (Gamble) | 8 | 220-228 |
21 | Importance and legislation of punishment | 7 | 14-25 |
8 | 124-139
388-393 396-403 410-420 | ||
9 | 229-293 | ||
10 | 96 | ||
22 | Share of the brother | 9 | 103-117
119-126 204-216 218-219 |
23 | Share of the son | 9 | 134-136
141-142 145-147 184 |
24 | Ekayoniputra Bhaga | 9 | 148-157 |
25 | Share of the sister | 9 | 118 |
26 | Niramsha | 9 | 143-144
201-203 |
27 | Aputradhana Bhaga | 9 | 130-133
185-191 217 |
28 | Stridhana Bhaga | 9 | 192-200 |
Sr. no. | Topic | Adhyaya | Shlokas |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Preta Shuddhi | 5 | 57-60
64-73 |
2 | Vaideshika Pretashuddhi | 5 | 74-78 |
3 | Janma shuddhi | 5 | 61-63 |
4 | Janma Marana Shuddhi | 5 | 79 |
5 | Acharyadi Marana Shuddhi | 5 | 80-82 |
6 | Shuddhi Dina | 5 | 83 |
7 | Shuddhi Vishesha | 5 | 84-88
91 |
8 | Preta Kriya Nishedha | 5 | 89-90 |
9 | Shava Nirharana Dvara | 5 | 92 |
10 | Madya Shaucha | 5 | 93-99 |
11 | Asapinda Pretashuddhi | 5 | 100-104 |
12 | Shuddhi Hetu | 5 | 105
107-109 |
13 | Artha shaucha | 5 | 106 |
14 | Nanavidha Shaucha | 5 | 141-145 |
15 | Prayashchitta | 11 | 44-47 |
16 | Mahapatakadi | 11 | 55-72 |
17 | Mahapatakadi Prayashchitta | 11 | 73-131 |
18 | Nanavidha Himsa Prayashchitta | 11 | 132-146 |
19 | Abhakshya bhakshana prayashchitta | 11 | 147-162 |
20 | Nanavidha Steya Prayashchitta | 11 | 163-170 |
21 | Agamyagamana Prayashchitta | 11 | 171-176
179-180 |
22 | Samsargi Prayashchitta | 11 | 181-189 |
23 | Grahyagrahya Vyavastha | 11 | 190-191 |
24 | Nanavidha Prayashchitta | 11 | 192-209 |
25 | Concept of Prayashchitta | 11 | 210 |
26 | Deva Brahmana Svaharana Prayashchitta | 11 | 26-27 |
27 | Gupta Prayashchitta | 11 | 248-266 |
28 | Prajapatyadi Vrata | 11 | 211-227 |
29 | Pashchatapa and Tapa | 11 | 228-247 |
30 | Papacihna | 11 | 48-53
1-9 52-81 |
31 | Vanaprastha | 6 | 1-32 |
32 | Sannyasa | 6 | 33-86
94-97 |
2 | 88-100 | ||
12 | 10-51
82-94 97-104 118-126 |
Subject matter of Manusmrti
References
- ↑ Vettam Mani (1975), Puranic Encyclopaedia, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
- ↑ Swami Sivananda (1999), All About Hinduism, Uttar Pradesh: The Divine Life Society.
- ↑ Girija Prasad Dvivedi (1917), The Manusmriti, Lucknow: Newal Kishore Press.
- ↑ Manusmrti, Adhyaya 2
- ↑ Vaman Shivram Apte (1985), The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Manusmrti (Manvarthamuktavali Samvalita)
- ↑ Maitrayani Samhita, Kanda 2, Prapathaka 1