Asthi literally means bone or that entity which stays or doesn’t get destroyed easily. Asthi dhatu is a body component similar to bone (osseous) tissue. Its important function is to hold body frame (dharana). It provides stability to the body and forms skeleton.(SAT-B.436)
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The term 'Asthi' in samskrit refers to a 'Bone'. Thus Asthi dhatu mentioned in Ayurveda is similar to bony tissue in human body. In a literal sense, the word Asthi means that entity which doesn't get destroyed easily and stays longer as compared to all other counterparts. It is well known that even after years of burial is human bodies, the remnant tissue which one can find is bone. Thus bone or asthi is that component which is not easily destroyed naturally. In human beings Asthi dhatu performs the vital function of forming the skeleton, providing stability and shape.