Changes

*Maharshi Yaska describes that panis are वर्तकः|| varthaka (business people) who sell things for profits.  

*Maharshi Yaska describes that panis are वर्तकः|| varthaka (business people) who sell things for profits.  

<blockquote>"पणिर्वणिग्भवति panihi vanika bhavathi''' "</blockquote><blockquote>"panihi pananatha vanika panyam nenakthi’ (Nirukti 2.17) "</blockquote>Sayanaacharya explains in his commentary for the Rig mantra as follows  <blockquote>"kincha panayaha vyaya ahisnavaha vanijaha panihi vanika bhvathi thi yaskaha panayaha iti lubdakaha abhi yuddavanaha yugadinam akurvanaha adanashilaha asmat shatravaha” (Commentary for Rig. Veda. 1.12.4 – 10)</blockquote>'

<blockquote>"पणिर्वणिग्भवति panihi vanika bhavathi''' "</blockquote><blockquote>"panihi pananatha vanika panyam nenakthi’ (Nirukti 2.17) "</blockquote>Sayanaacharya explains in his commentary for the Rig mantra as follows  <blockquote>"kincha panayaha vyaya ahisnavaha vanijaha panihi vanika bhvathi thi yaskaha panayaha iti lubdakaha abhi yuddavanaha yugadinam akurvanaha adanashilaha asmat shatravaha” (Commentary for Rig. Veda. 1.12.4 – 10)</blockquote>Panis were wealthy people who hoarded money with a very miserly business attitude, lacking in intellectual stability and had very little regard for any Vedic ritual.

Panis were wealthy people who hoarded money with a very miserly business attitude, lacking in intellectual stability and had very little regard for any Vedic ritual.

*Maharshi Yaska also refers to 'Panis' as business minded people or tradesmen”.  panimsca vanijaha”(Niruktha 6.26) The Vedas also talk of बेकनाटा || bekanatas who are known to be shrewd money lenders who impose heavy interest for their profits. These ‘bekanatas’ supposedly can see only during the day and when night befalls they argue that those visible things do not exist. Therefore they are considered to be नास्तिक || nasthika or atheists like the Charvaka philosophers. To reaffirm this, Yaska maharshi quotes the following Rig mantra  

*Maharshi Yaska also refers to 'Panis' as business minded people or tradesmen”.  panimsca vanijaha”(Niruktha 6.26) The Vedas also talk of बेकनाटा || bekanatas who are known to be shrewd money lenders who impose heavy interest for their profits. These ‘bekanatas’ supposedly can see only during the day and when night befalls they argue that those visible things do not exist. Therefore they are considered to be नास्तिक || nasthika or atheists like the Charvaka philosophers. To reaffirm this, Yaska maharshi quotes the following Rig mantra कदू महीरध्र्ष्टा अस्य तविषीः कदु वर्त्रघ्नो अस्त्र्तम | <br> इन्द्रो विश्वान बेकनाटानहर्द्र्श उत करत्वा पणीन्रभि || (''Rig. Veda. 8.66.10)''

<blockquote>कदू महीरध्र्ष्टा अस्य तविषीः कदु वर्त्रघ्नो अस्त्र्तम | <br> इन्द्रो विश्वान बेकनाटानहर्द्र्श उत करत्वा पणीन्रभि || (Rig. Veda. 8.66.10)</blockquote><blockquote>Here the word अहर्द्र्श || ahardrisha has been explained in detail by Sayanaacharya as follows by Dr. K. L. Narayanacharya</blockquote><blockquote>"''nanu sarve suryam pasyanthi ko atra tishaya iti ucyathe ihaiva janmani suryam pasyanthina janmanthare lubdaka ayushtarondhe tamasimajansthi athva laukika neva ahani pasyanthi na para laukikanthyath drishtani dishta pradanahini nastikaha"''</blockquote>Meaning : A question arises that if everyone can see the Sun why panis are called ahardrihaha”. It is said that panis see the Sun only in this lifetime and because of their miserliness and disengagement in Yajna, they attain the land of ‘andha tamasa’ or complete darkness in their future births. Panis view the world with a materialistic or physical light” and do not experience the light of spirituality or the higher realms”. Thus they remain in the land of ‘andha tamasa’ or in complete darkness for their understanding is that of the atheists who only believe in what they see with their eyes.

Here the word अहर्द्र्श || ahardrisha has been explained in detail by Sayanaacharya as follows by Dr. K. L. Narayanacharya<blockquote>"''nanu sarve suryam pasyanthi ko atra tishaya iti ucyathe ihaiva janmani suryam pasyanthina janmanthare lubdaka ayushtarondhe tamasimajansthi athva laukika neva ahani pasyanthi na para laukikanthyath drishtani dishta pradanahini nastikaha"''</blockquote>Meaning : A question arises that if everyone can see the Sun why panis are called ahardrihaha”. It is said that panis see the Sun only in this lifetime and because of their miserliness and disengagement in Yajna, they attain the land of ‘andha tamasa’ or complete darkness in their future births. Panis view the world with a materialistic or physical light” and do not experience the light of spirituality or the higher realms”. Thus they remain in the land of ‘andha tamasa’ or in complete darkness for their understanding is that of the atheists who only believe in what they see with their eyes.

*In Rig Veda the word pani” has been mentioned in the prayers offered to Usha Devi.   

*In Rig Veda the word pani” has been mentioned in the prayers offered to Usha Devi.   

== Panis and Gograhana ==

== Panis and Gograhana ==

Panis are demonic and used here in plural as 'panis' indicating not just one person but many such who existed during the vedic period.  From the Gograhana story if we accept cows as Vedas or knowledge, then it could be said that Panis are the powers that hinder the progress of knowledge. Thus from the Rg suktas we can understand that the panis are the jnana apaharaka shakti” (the thieves of knowledge).

Panis are demonic and used here in plural as 'panis' indicating not just one person but many such who existed during the vedic period.  From the Gograhana story if we accept cows as Vedas or knowledge, then it could be said that Panis are the powers that hinder the progress of knowledge. Thus from the Rig suktas we can understand that the panis are the jnana apaharaka shakti” (the thieves of knowledge).

They are people who create obstacles wherever there are positive activities which are meant for enhancing dharma or favouring the devathas that revere the go samuha” or herd of the cows. They steal cows and create obstacles in the progress of the devathas and society, which neither benefits them nor the society. Consumed with only materialistic aspirations they lack the spiritual interest. They steal the knowledge or imprison the Brahma Nishtas to ensure that the knowledge is not spread.  Angirasa who was knowledgeable about the characteristics of cows rescues them from the caves where they were hidden by the Panis.  

They are people who create obstacles wherever there are positive activities which are meant for enhancing dharma or favouring the devathas that revere the go samuha” or herd of the cows. They steal cows and create obstacles in the progress of the devathas and society, which neither benefits them nor the society. Consumed with only materialistic aspirations they lack the spiritual interest. They steal the knowledge or imprison the Brahma Nishtas to ensure that the knowledge is not spread.  Angirasa who was knowledgeable about the characteristics of cows rescues them from the caves where they were hidden by the Panis.  

   

   

In Srimad Bhagavatham, the ministers of Kamsa are shown to have the same mentality of the Panis as they want to control the devatas and the Lord. From Srimad Bhagavatham (10.4.39-42)''<blockquote>"

In Srimad Bhagavatham, the ministers of Kamsa are shown to have the same mentality of the Panis as they want to control the devatas and the Lord. From Srimad Bhagavatham (10.4.39-42)''<blockquote>

'' mūlaṁ hi viṣṇur devānāṁ yatra dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ tasya ca''

'' mūlaṁ hi viṣṇur devānāṁ yatra dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ tasya ca''

''brahma-go-viprās tapo yajñāḥ sa-dakṣiṇāḥ "</blockquote><blockquote>"

''brahma-go-viprās tapo yajñāḥ sa-dakṣiṇāḥ "</blockquote><blockquote>

  tasmāt sarvātmanā rājan brāhmaṇān brahma-vādinaḥ

  tasmāt sarvātmanā rājan brāhmaṇān brahma-vādinaḥ

''tapasvino yajña-śīlān gāś ca hanmo havir-dughāḥ "</blockquote><blockquote>"

''tapasvino yajña-śīlān gāś ca hanmo havir-dughāḥ "</blockquote><blockquote>

  viprā gāvaś ca vedāś ca tapaḥ satyaṁ damaḥśamaḥ

  viprā gāvaś ca vedāś ca tapaḥ satyaṁ damaḥśamaḥ

''śraddhā dayā titikṣā ca kratavaś ca hares tanūḥ "</blockquote><blockquote>"

''śraddhā dayā titikṣā ca kratavaś ca hares tanūḥ "</blockquote><blockquote>

  sa hi sarva-suradhyakso hy asura-dvid guha-sayah tan-mula devatah sarvah ''sesvarah''  

  sa hi sarva-suradhyakso hy asura-dvid guha-sayah tan-mula devatah sarvah ''sesvarah''

 

''sa-catur-mukhah ayam vai tad-vadhopayo yad rsinam vihimsanam || Srimad Bhagavatham (10.4.39-42)''

''sa-catur-mukhah ayam vai tad-vadhopayo yad rsinam vihimsanam || Srimad Bhagavatham (10.4.39-42)''

"</blockquote><nowiki> </nowiki>Meaning :The Devatas and Bhagavan Viṣhṇu, reside wherever there are dharmic principles, culture, the Vedas, cows, brāhmaṇas, austerities and sacrifices with proper donations. O King, we, who are your adherents in all respects, shall therefore kill the Vedic brahmanas, the persons engaged in offering sacrifices and austerities, and the cows that supply milk, from which clarified butter is obtained for the ingredients of sacrifice (to cause harm to Vishnu)

Meaning :The Devatas and Bhagavan Viṣhṇu, reside wherever there are dharmic principles, culture, the Vedas, cows, brāhmaṇas, austerities and sacrifices with proper donations. O King, we, who are your adherents in all respects, shall therefore kill the Vedic brahmanas, the persons engaged in offering sacrifices and austerities, and the cows that supply milk, from which clarified butter is obtained for the ingredients of sacrifice (to cause harm to Vishnu)</blockquote>

== सम्वाद || Discussion ==

== सम्वाद || Discussion ==

The panis are materialistic people and enemies of wisdom who envy the jnanis. Aspiring only the materialistic world, trying to exploit the society for personal gains, going in the name of socialism -- these are asuric and destructive energies.  Many mantras of the Rg veda prove that Panis were the original residents of Bharatavarsha, though [[Max Mueller]] & [[Bishop Caldwell]]'s Aryan-Dravidian Hoax claims that the Panis were chased away by the Aryas.  

The panis are materialistic people and enemies of wisdom who envy the jnanis. Aspiring only the materialistic world, trying to exploit the society for personal gains, going in the name of socialism -- these are asuric and destructive energies.  Many mantras of the Rg veda prove that Panis were the original residents of Bharatavarsha, though [[Max Mueller]] & [[Bishop Caldwell]]'s Aryan-Dravidian Hoax claims that the Panis were chased away by the Aryas.  

The society or the world is generally filled with materialistic ideologies — those who are like Panis or Dasyus. '''Dasyus are traders like Pani, comes from the root word: Dus” those who have business as their goal. The alternative word given by Yaska in Nirukti is: dasaha dassyathe upadasayathi’. Not so sure about this ??''' 

The society or the world is generally filled with materialistic ideologies — those who are like Panis or Dasyus. Dasyus are traders like Pani, comes from the root word: Dus” those who have business as their goal.  

The point is that business and farming or transactions is required for the society and not to be viewed in negative sense. But the purely materialistic attitude with business only for personal profits, without connection to the jnana of the other world:para” is not a Vedic practice. Therefore Panis who hinder the advancement of Consciousness in Spiritual realm, are viewed with contempt as seen in Rig Veda mantras. Thus, vedas rather than speaking only from a historical perspective establish an eternal truth. And this indicates that since times immemorial jnana shakti is constantly in war with ajananis (unintelligent people). Panis could be from any kula or race or any civilization, but that is a secondary consideration for Vedas.  

The point is that business and farming or transactions is required for the society and not to be viewed in negative sense. But the purely materialistic attitude with business only for personal profits, without connection to the jnana of the other world:para” is not a Vedic practice. Therefore Panis who hinder the advancement of Consciousness in Spiritual realm, are viewed with contempt as seen in Rig Veda mantras. Thus, vedas rather than speaking only from a historical perspective establish an eternal truth. And this indicates that since times immemorial jnana shakti is constantly in war with ajananis (unintelligent people). Panis could be from any kula or race or any civilization, but that is a secondary consideration for Vedas.  

== References ==

== References ==

#K. L. Narayanacharya, Veda Sanskrita Parichaya

# Narayanacharya, K. S. (2011). ''Veda Samskrita Parichaya''. Hubli:​Sahitya Prakashana​.

#Prakash Charan Prasad, Foreign Trade and Commerce in Ancient India

#Prakash Charan Prasad, Foreign Trade and Commerce in Ancient India