Difference between revisions of "Upavedas (उपवेदाः)"
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| − | Upavedas (Samskrit : उपवेदः) or subsidiary Vedas, are said to be four in number | + | Upavedas (Samskrit : उपवेदः) or subsidiary Vedas, are said to be four in number forming auxiliaries to the four Vedas as given below<ref>All About Hinduism, Swami Sivananda, Page 33 </ref> |
| + | # Ayurveda (आयुर्वेदः) | ||
| + | # Dhanurveda (धनुर्वेदः) | ||
| + | # [[Arthashastra (अर्थशास्त्रम्)]] | ||
| + | # Gandharvaveda (गन्धर्ववेदः) | ||
| + | They form the part of Ashtadasha Vidyasthanas. Shilpaveda or Sthapatyaveda is considered as the Upaveda instead of Arthashastra according to Charanavyuha.<ref name=":7">Malladi, Sri. Suryanarayana Sastry (1982) ''Samskruta Vangmaya Charitra, Volume 2 Laukika Vangmayam'' Hyderabad : Andhra Sarasvata Parishad</ref> The Upavedas supplement the Vedas with more specific applications of Vedic teachings into the cultural field. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!S. No. | !S. No. | ||
!Upaveda Name | !Upaveda Name | ||
| − | ! | + | !Contents |
!Associated with Veda | !Associated with Veda | ||
|- | |- | ||
|1 | |1 | ||
| − | |Ayurveda | + | |Ayurveda (आयुर्वेदः) |
|Science of Health and Life | |Science of Health and Life | ||
|Atharva Veda | |Atharva Veda | ||
|- | |- | ||
|2 | |2 | ||
| − | |Dhanurveda | + | |Dhanurveda (धनुर्वेदः) |
|Science of Warfare / Martial Arts | |Science of Warfare / Martial Arts | ||
|Rig Veda | |Rig Veda | ||
|- | |- | ||
|3 | |3 | ||
| − | | | + | |Arthashastra (अर्थशास्त्रम्) |
|Public administration, governance, economy and polity | |Public administration, governance, economy and polity | ||
|Yajur Veda | |Yajur Veda | ||
|- | |- | ||
|3* | |3* | ||
| − | | | + | |Sthapatyveda (स्थापत्यवेदः) or Shilpa Veda |
|Science of Engineering and Architecture | |Science of Engineering and Architecture | ||
|Yajur Veda | |Yajur Veda | ||
|- | |- | ||
|4 | |4 | ||
| − | | | + | |Gandharvaveda (गन्धर्ववेदः) |
|Music, poetry and dance | |Music, poetry and dance | ||
|Sama Veda | |Sama Veda | ||
|} | |} | ||
| − | # '''Ayurveda''': Ayurveda is related to the secret of life and the science of long life. The originator of Ayurveda is supposed to be | + | == Brief Description of Upavedas == |
| + | # '''Ayurveda''': Ayurveda is related to the secret of life and the science of long life. Ancient rshis have, with their research and experience, practically shown the way to lead a happy life by protecting and enriching the health of healthy person (स्वस्थस्य स्वास्थ्यरक्षणम् preventive) and curing the disease of a patient (व्याध्युपसृष्टानां व्याधिरपिमोक्षः curative). Any shastra has two parts - Siddhanta (सिद्धान्तभागः theoretical aspects) which defines the basic rules and Karmabhaga (कर्मभागः practical application) which define the practical usage of those rules. Ayurvedic study involves both the siddhanta and applications in curing the diseases.<ref>Acharya Baldeva Upadhyaya (1969) ''[https://archive.org/details/SamskritaSastronKaItihasBaldevUpadhyaya1969/page/n17 Sanskrit Shastron Ka Itihas.]'' Varanasi : Sharada Mandir</ref> The originator of Ayurveda is supposed to be Dhanwantari, who originated as one of the treasures during samudra-manthan. Apart from him, other prominent names are Aitareya, Kashyapa, Harit, Agnivesha, and Bhedamuni. At present, three important books of Ayurveda are: Charak Samhita, Sushruta Samhita and Vaagbhatta Samhita. These three books are collectively called Brihat-trayi. Patanjali has also authored text on Ayurveda. | ||
# '''Dhanurveda''': This Upveda explains civil and military defense, war and politics. In the Ramayana and Mahabharata a good deal of light is thrown upon this science and art, particularly in the descriptions of battles. The most ancient books of Dhanurveda are not available, but some of the known books are Dhanurvidhi, Drauna Vidya, Kodanda Mandana and Dhanurveda Samhita. | # '''Dhanurveda''': This Upveda explains civil and military defense, war and politics. In the Ramayana and Mahabharata a good deal of light is thrown upon this science and art, particularly in the descriptions of battles. The most ancient books of Dhanurveda are not available, but some of the known books are Dhanurvidhi, Drauna Vidya, Kodanda Mandana and Dhanurveda Samhita. | ||
# '''Gandharva Veda''': Gandharva veda is the science of music, derived from the Sama-Veda. Apart from Devotional Music it also deals with some subjects of Spiritual Sciences. | # '''Gandharva Veda''': Gandharva veda is the science of music, derived from the Sama-Veda. Apart from Devotional Music it also deals with some subjects of Spiritual Sciences. | ||
Revision as of 12:37, 28 October 2018
Upavedas (Samskrit : उपवेदः) or subsidiary Vedas, are said to be four in number forming auxiliaries to the four Vedas as given below[1]
- Ayurveda (आयुर्वेदः)
- Dhanurveda (धनुर्वेदः)
- Arthashastra (अर्थशास्त्रम्)
- Gandharvaveda (गन्धर्ववेदः)
They form the part of Ashtadasha Vidyasthanas. Shilpaveda or Sthapatyaveda is considered as the Upaveda instead of Arthashastra according to Charanavyuha.[2] The Upavedas supplement the Vedas with more specific applications of Vedic teachings into the cultural field.
| S. No. | Upaveda Name | Contents | Associated with Veda |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ayurveda (आयुर्वेदः) | Science of Health and Life | Atharva Veda |
| 2 | Dhanurveda (धनुर्वेदः) | Science of Warfare / Martial Arts | Rig Veda |
| 3 | Arthashastra (अर्थशास्त्रम्) | Public administration, governance, economy and polity | Yajur Veda |
| 3* | Sthapatyveda (स्थापत्यवेदः) or Shilpa Veda | Science of Engineering and Architecture | Yajur Veda |
| 4 | Gandharvaveda (गन्धर्ववेदः) | Music, poetry and dance | Sama Veda |
Brief Description of Upavedas
- Ayurveda: Ayurveda is related to the secret of life and the science of long life. Ancient rshis have, with their research and experience, practically shown the way to lead a happy life by protecting and enriching the health of healthy person (स्वस्थस्य स्वास्थ्यरक्षणम् preventive) and curing the disease of a patient (व्याध्युपसृष्टानां व्याधिरपिमोक्षः curative). Any shastra has two parts - Siddhanta (सिद्धान्तभागः theoretical aspects) which defines the basic rules and Karmabhaga (कर्मभागः practical application) which define the practical usage of those rules. Ayurvedic study involves both the siddhanta and applications in curing the diseases.[3] The originator of Ayurveda is supposed to be Dhanwantari, who originated as one of the treasures during samudra-manthan. Apart from him, other prominent names are Aitareya, Kashyapa, Harit, Agnivesha, and Bhedamuni. At present, three important books of Ayurveda are: Charak Samhita, Sushruta Samhita and Vaagbhatta Samhita. These three books are collectively called Brihat-trayi. Patanjali has also authored text on Ayurveda.
- Dhanurveda: This Upveda explains civil and military defense, war and politics. In the Ramayana and Mahabharata a good deal of light is thrown upon this science and art, particularly in the descriptions of battles. The most ancient books of Dhanurveda are not available, but some of the known books are Dhanurvidhi, Drauna Vidya, Kodanda Mandana and Dhanurveda Samhita.
- Gandharva Veda: Gandharva veda is the science of music, derived from the Sama-Veda. Apart from Devotional Music it also deals with some subjects of Spiritual Sciences.
- Shilpa Veda (Sthapatya Veda): It deals with architecture and various arts. According to Shukra-niti there are a number of arts but 64 are considered to be more prominent. More commonly called Vastu, it shows the right design of structures to bring in wholesome earth and spatial energies. Yoga uses Vastu for the orientation of temples, ashrams and meditation rooms.
References
- ↑ All About Hinduism, Swami Sivananda, Page 33
- ↑ Malladi, Sri. Suryanarayana Sastry (1982) Samskruta Vangmaya Charitra, Volume 2 Laukika Vangmayam Hyderabad : Andhra Sarasvata Parishad
- ↑ Acharya Baldeva Upadhyaya (1969) Sanskrit Shastron Ka Itihas. Varanasi : Sharada Mandir