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== परिचयः || Introduction ==

== परिचयः || Introduction ==

Each of the [[Shad Darshanas (षड्दर्शनानि)|shad darshanas]] while agreeing on the fundamental concepts of atma, karma and moksha, differ from each other in some siddhantas, which make them unique. Each darshana proposes its stance on the belief of Singularity or Plurality of the supreme being. While vedantins advocate that the Brahman is One (manifesting itself), samkhyavadins lay down the Bahupurushavada explaining the plurality of Purusha.<ref name=":6">Jha, Ganganatha. (1896) ''[https://archive.org/stream/anenglishtransla00vaacuoft#page/28/mode/2up Tattva-Kaumudi (Sankhya) of Vachaspati Mishra (English Translation with the Sanskrit Text)]'' Bombay: Theosophical Publication</ref><ref name=":1">Jha, Ganganatha (1965) ''[http://theosnet.net/dzyan/hindu/samkhya_karika_and_tattva-kaumudi_1934.pdf The Tattva-Kaumudi, Vachaspati Mishra's Commentary on the Samkhya Karika.]'' Poona : Oriental Book Agency</ref> The present topic briefly explains the different darshanas that advocate bahupurushavada.

Each of the [[Shad Darshanas (षड्दर्शनानि)|shad darshanas]] while agreeing on the fundamental concepts of atma, karma and moksha, differ from each other in some siddhantas, which make them unique. Among such differences Each darshana proposes its stance on the belief of Singularity or Plurality of the supreme being. While vedantins advocate that the Brahman is One (manifesting itself), samkhyavadins lay down the Bahupurushavada explaining the plurality of Purusha.<ref name=":6">Jha, Ganganatha. (1896) ''[https://archive.org/stream/anenglishtransla00vaacuoft#page/28/mode/2up Tattva-Kaumudi (Sankhya) of Vachaspati Mishra (English Translation with the Sanskrit Text)]'' Bombay: Theosophical Publication</ref><ref name=":1">Jha, Ganganatha (1965) ''[http://theosnet.net/dzyan/hindu/samkhya_karika_and_tattva-kaumudi_1934.pdf The Tattva-Kaumudi, Vachaspati Mishra's Commentary on the Samkhya Karika.]'' Poona : Oriental Book Agency</ref> The present topic briefly explains the different darshanas that advocate bahupurushavada directly or indirectly

== बहुपुरुषवादः ॥ Pluralistic View ==

== बहुपुरुषवादः ॥ Pluralistic View ==

Samkhya and Yoga darshanas are strongly Pluralistic  

Samkhya and Yoga darshanas are strongly Pluralistic in their approach about the Ultimate Reality called as Purusha. 

जननमरणकरणानां प्रतिनियमादयुगपत्प्रवृत्तेश्च । पुरुषबहुत्वं सिद्धं त्रैगुण्यविपर्ययाच्चैव ॥ १८ ॥ (Samk. Kari. 17)<ref name=":5">Samkhya [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE Karikas]</ref>  

<blockquote>जननमरणकरणानां प्रतिनियमादयुगपत्प्रवृत्तेश्च । पुरुषबहुत्वं सिद्धं त्रैगुण्यविपर्ययाच्चैव ॥ १८ ॥ (Samk. Kari. 17)<ref name=":5">Samkhya [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE Karikas]</ref></blockquote>

Patanjala Yoga Darshan -

=== Yoga ===

<blockquote>क्लेशकर्मविपाकाशयैरपरामृष्टः पुरुषविशेष ईश्वरः ॥२४॥ (Yoga. Vyas. Bhas. 1.24)<ref>Patanjali Yoga Darshana With Vyasa Bhashya ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%9E%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_-_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7 Samadhi Pada 1])</ref></blockquote>Vyasabhasya clearly explains the plurality of मुक्त पुरुषः

सूत्र के व्यास भाष्य में 'कैवल्यं प्राप्तास्तर्हि सन्ति च बहवः केवलिनः। .............' (कैवल्य को प्राप्त किए हुए अनेक 'केवली' अर्थात मुक्त पुरुष हैं...........)

 

क्लेशकर्मविपाक................... सूत्र के व्यास भाष्य में 'कैवल्यं प्राप्तास्तर्हि सन्ति च बहवः केवलिनः। .............' (कैवल्य को प्राप्त किए हुए अनेक 'केवली' अर्थात मुक्त पुरुष हैं...........)

(२) Page 31 Sutra 1-25

(२) Page 31 Sutra 1-25