Changes

The Indian Epigraphical Glossary notes the presence of the term 'seva' in tamizh epigraphs as 'sevai' and denotes the sense of 'service'. These epigraphs also talk about an 'inām' for services and tax-free land given to servants for enjoyment in lieu of salary.<ref>Indian Epigraphical Glossary</ref>

The Indian Epigraphical Glossary notes the presence of the term 'seva' in tamizh epigraphs as 'sevai' and denotes the sense of 'service'. These epigraphs also talk about an 'inām' for services and tax-free land given to servants for enjoyment in lieu of salary.<ref>Indian Epigraphical Glossary</ref>

The root सेव् means<ref name=":1">Vaman Shivram Apte (1890), [https://ia600505.us.archive.org/19/items/ldpd_7285627_000/ldpd_7285627_000.pdf The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary], Poona: Shiralkar & Co.; Book-Sellers & c. &c. See: सेवन (p.1138)</ref>  

The root सेव् means<ref name=":1">Vaman Shivram Apte (1890), [https://ia600505.us.archive.org/19/items/ldpd_7285627_000/ldpd_7285627_000.pdf The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary], Poona: Shiralkar & Co.; Book-Sellers & c. &c. See: सेव् (p.1137)</ref>  

# to serve, wait or attend upon, honour, worship, obey, etc.

# to serve, wait or attend upon, honour, worship, obey, etc.

# to attach or devote oneself to, attend to, cultivate, practise, perform. For eg. Manusmrti. विद्वद्भिः सेवितः सद्भिर्नित्यमद्वेषरागिभिः । हृदयेनाभ्यनुज्ञातो यो धर्मस्तं निबोधत । । २.१ । ।<ref>Manusmrti, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 2]</ref> Meaning: Learn that Dharma which has been ever followed by and sanctioned by the heart of the learned and the good who are free from love and hate.<ref>Ganganath Jha (1920-39), Manusmrti with the Manubhashya of Medhatithi ([https://ia601503.us.archive.org/5/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.46009/2015.46009.Manusmrti--Vol-3_text.pdf Vol.3]), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited.</ref>

# to attach or devote oneself to, attend to, cultivate, practise, perform. For eg. Manusmrti. विद्वद्भिः सेवितः सद्भिर्नित्यमद्वेषरागिभिः । हृदयेनाभ्यनुज्ञातो यो धर्मस्तं निबोधत । । २.१ । ।<ref>Manusmrti, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 2]</ref> Meaning: Learn that Dharma which has been ever followed by and sanctioned by the heart of the learned and the good who are free from love and hate.<ref>Ganganath Jha (1920-39), Manusmrti with the Manubhashya of Medhatithi ([https://ia601503.us.archive.org/5/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.46009/2015.46009.Manusmrti--Vol-3_text.pdf Vol.3]), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited.</ref>

# to resort to, betake oneself to, dwell in, frequent, inhabit - Panchatantra अर्थार्थी जीवलोकोऽयं श्मशानमपि सेवते। त्यक्त्वा जनयितारं स्वं निःस्वं यच्छति दूरतः॥१.९॥<ref>[https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%9E%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A8 Panchatantra] </ref> Meaning: This mortal world, desirous of riches, recourses even to a cremation ground and relinquishing one's indigent progenitor-father even, goes far.<ref>Dr. Naveen Kumr Jha & Dr Anjana (2016), Pancatantram, Delhi: J.P.Publishing House, p.10. </ref>

# to resort to, betake oneself to, dwell in, frequent, inhabit - Panchatantra अर्थार्थी जीवलोकोऽयं श्मशानमपि सेवते। त्यक्त्वा जनयितारं स्वं निःस्वं यच्छति दूरतः॥१.९॥<ref>Panchatantra, Tantra 1: Mitrabheda ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%9E%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A8 1-20]) </ref> Meaning: This mortal world, desirous of riches, recourses even to a cremation ground and relinquishing one's indigent progenitor-father even, goes far.<ref>Dr. Naveen Kumr Jha & Dr Anjana (2016), Pancatantram, Delhi: J.P.Publishing House, p.10. </ref>

# to watch over, guard, protect

# to watch over, guard, protect

Consequently, a 'sevaka' is described as  

Consequently, a 'sevaka'<ref>Vaman Shivram Apte (1890), [https://ia600505.us.archive.org/19/items/ldpd_7285627_000/ldpd_7285627_000.pdf The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary], Poona: Shiralkar & Co.; Book-Sellers & c. &c. See: सेवक (p.1138)</ref> is described as  

# a servant, dependant. For eg. Hitopadesh 2.20 (Nirnaya Sagara Edition) सेवया धनम् इच्छद्भिः सेवकैः पश्य यत् कृतम् । स्वातन्त्र्यं यच्छरीरस्य मूढैस्तद् अपि हारितम् ॥२०॥<ref>Hitopadesha, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%AD Suhrdbheda]</ref> Meaning: See what servants who wish to acquire wealth by means of service have done - those folls have allowed even the independence of their body to be lost !<ref name=":2">M.R.Kale (1967), [https://ia601506.us.archive.org/34/items/gQXu_hitopadesa-of-narayana-edited-with-a-sanskrit-commentary-maram-prakasika-and-not/Hitopadesa%20Of%20Narayana%20Edited%20With%20A%20Sanskrit%20Commentary%20Maram%20Prakasika%20And%20Notes%20In%20English%20By%20M%20R%20Kale%2C%201967%20-%20Motilal%20Banarsidas.pdf Hitopadesa of Narayana], Motilal Banarsidass, p.42</ref>

# a servant, dependant. For eg. Hitopadesh 2.20 (Nirnaya Sagara Edition) सेवया धनम् इच्छद्भिः सेवकैः पश्य यत् कृतम् । स्वातन्त्र्यं यच्छरीरस्य मूढैस्तद् अपि हारितम् ॥२०॥<ref>Hitopadesha, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%AD Suhrdbheda]</ref> Meaning: See what servants who wish to acquire wealth by means of service have done - those folls have allowed even the independence of their body to be lost !<ref name=":2">M.R.Kale (1967), [https://ia601506.us.archive.org/34/items/gQXu_hitopadesa-of-narayana-edited-with-a-sanskrit-commentary-maram-prakasika-and-not/Hitopadesa%20Of%20Narayana%20Edited%20With%20A%20Sanskrit%20Commentary%20Maram%20Prakasika%20And%20Notes%20In%20English%20By%20M%20R%20Kale%2C%201967%20-%20Motilal%20Banarsidas.pdf Hitopadesa of Narayana], Motilal Banarsidass, p.42</ref>

# a votary, worshipper

# a votary, worshipper

And 'sevana' is  

And 'sevana'<ref>Vaman Shivram Apte (1890), [https://ia600505.us.archive.org/19/items/ldpd_7285627_000/ldpd_7285627_000.pdf The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary], Poona: Shiralkar & Co.; Book-Sellers & c. &c. See: सेवन (p.1138)</ref> is  

# the act of serving, service, attendence upon, worship (Gurusevana Raghuvamsha 18.30)

# the act of serving, service, attendence upon, worship (Gurusevana Raghuvamsha 18.30)

# Using, enjoying

# Using, enjoying

# devotion to, fondness for

# devotion to, fondness for

# frequenting, dweling in<ref name=":1" />

# frequenting, dweling in

Seva<ref name=":1" />

Seva<ref>Vaman Shivram Apte (1890), [https://ia600505.us.archive.org/19/items/ldpd_7285627_000/ldpd_7285627_000.pdf The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary], Poona: Shiralkar & Co.; Book-Sellers & c. &c. See: सेवा (p.1138)</ref> is explained as

# Service, servitude, dependence

# Service, servitude, dependence

# Frequenting, resorting to.

# Frequenting, resorting to.

# Flattery, coaxing or flattering words.

# Flattery, coaxing or flattering words.

Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Indian Epigraphical Glossary

sevā, cf. Tamil sevai, śervai (SITI);

sevā, cf. Tamil sevai, śervai (SITI);

Apte

Apte

-वृत्तिः a livelihood gained by service.

 

 

 

सेवा. the obligations of service. -विलासिनी a female servant. -वृत्तिः a livelihood gained by service.-व्यवहारः the practice or law of service.

== References ==

== References ==