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Mutra or Mootra literally means Urine. Mutra is one of the [[Malas (मलाः)|malas]] described in Ayurveda. Malas are the wastes or waste biproducts of the digestion and metabolism. At gross level, malas are known to be 3 viz. Purisha, Mutra and sweda. These are generated as wastes during the digestion and processing of the food that we eat. Mutra among these, is the liquid form of waste equated with Urine.  

Mutra or Mootra (मूत्रम्) literally means Urine. Mutra is one of the [[malas (मलाः)]] described in Ayurveda. Malas are the wastes or waste biproducts of the digestion and metabolism. At gross level, malas are known to be 3 viz. Purisha (पुरीषः)/ shakruta (शकृतः), Mutra (मुत्रम्) and sweda (स्वेदः). These are generated as wastes during the digestion and processing of the food that we eat. Mutra among these, is the liquid form of waste equated with Urine.  

== Etymology ==

== Etymology ==

== Organ entities involved in Mutra formation ==

== Organ entities involved in Mutra formation ==

According to Ayurvedic treatises, the organs involved in the physiology of urine formation are “Mutravaha strotas” which are the channels carrying Mutra. The moola or the root organ is “Vasti” which is the urinary bladder. “Vankshanas” (inguinal region) and “Medhra” which here is the penile region of the urethra.

According to Ayurvedic treatises, the organs involved in the physiology of urine formation are “Mutravaha strotas” which are the channels carrying Mutra. The moola or the root organ is “[[Basti ( बस्तिः)|Basti (बस्तिः)]]” which is the urinary bladder. “Vankshanas” (वंक्षणः। inguinal region) and “Medhra” (मेढ्रम्) which here is the penile region of the urethra.<ref name=":0">Charaka Samhita (Vimanasthanam Adhyaya 5 Sutra 7-8)</ref>

Kidneys are considered as “Vrikka” which is the moola or the root organ of “Medavaha strotas” hence are not a part of the Ayurvedic physiology of urine formation.

Kidneys are considered as “Vrikka” (वृक्कौ) is the moola or the root organ of “Medavaha [[Strotas (स्रोतसम्)|strotas]]” (मेदोवह स्त्रोतसम्) hence are not a part of the Ayurvedic physiology of urine formation.

== Mutravaha Strotas ==

== Mutravaha Strotas ==

(Char.Vima.5.8)

[[Strotas (स्रोतसम्)|Strotasas]] are precisely channels that are involved in the transportation and transformation of the dhatu and waste substances.<ref name=":0" />

Mutravaha strotas are the channels that transport urine from [[Basti ( बस्तिः)|Basti]] (बस्तिः। urinary bladder) through Medhra (मेढ्रम्) for excretion. Formation of final form of urine from collected liquid waste called as kleda (क्लेदः) in Ayurveda, happens in the mutravaha strotas. When there are disturbances in the these channels of the transportation of urine, signs and symptoms related to vitiation of mutra are observed. These are called as Mutravaha strotasa dushti lakshanas meaning features of vitiation.

 

Mutravaha strotas are the channels that transport urine from [[Basti ( बस्तिः)|Basti]] (urinary bladder) through Medhra () for excretion.  

 

Mutravaha strotas is also a fundamental entity for diagnostic purposes.  

=== Causes of vitiation of Mutravaha strotasa ===

=== Causes of vitiation of Mutravaha strotasa ===

There are certain causes that are responsible for the vitiation of Mutravaha Strotas, (Char.Vima.5.20)

There are certain causes that are responsible for the vitiation of Mutravaha Strotas,<ref>Charaka Samhita (Vimanasthanam Adhyaya 5 Sutra 20)</ref>

# Drinking water and intake of food during the urge of urination

# Drinking water and eating food instead of attending to the urge of urination or holding the urge to pass the urine

# Coitus during the urge of micturition

# Coitus while neglecting the urge of micturition

# Suppression of the urge of urination specifically in people that are suffering from emaciation and are wounded.

# Suppression of the urge of urination specifically by people that are already suffering from emaciation and are wounded.

=== Symptoms of vitiation of Mutravaha strotas ===

=== Symptoms of vitiation of Mutravaha strotas ===

 

# Excessive urination quantitively  

# Excessive urination quantitively  

# Very less expulsion of urine

# Very less expulsion of urine

== Function ==

== Function ==

(Sush.Sutr.15.5) dalhan teeka (Asht.Hrud.Sutr.11.5)

Inspite of being a mala or waste metabolite in body, it performs certain functions. Therefore disturbances in its levels impact the overall functioning of the body. The functions of Mutra are mentioned as below,<ref>Ashthanga Hrudayam (Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 11 Sutra 5)</ref> <ref>Sushruta Samhita (Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 15 Sutra 5) & Dalhana's commentary on it</ref>

# Separation and excretion of excessive moisture content from the body

# Collection, Separation and excretion of unwanted excess watery wastes (known as Kleda) generated from tissue level metabolism in the body

# Filling of the urinary bladder

# Filling of the urinary bladder with urine

# Maintenance of volume in the bladder

# Maintenance of volume in the bladder