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Rgvedic Dialogue Hymns (ऋग्वैदिकसंवादसूक्तानि) (view source)
Revision as of 22:39, 12 February 2022
, 22:39, 12 February 2022→Summary of the Sukta: editing
== Samvada Suktas in Rigveda ==
== Samvada Suktas in Rigveda ==
Samvada suktas found in Rigveda include<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6">Dvivedi, Kapil Dev. (2000) ''Vaidika Sahitya evam Samskrti (Vedic Literature and Culture).'' Varanasi: Vishvavidyalaya Prakashan. (Pages 44-61)</ref>
The samvada suktas are dialogue or conversational style, a discussion format of presenting material on various topics. They contain diverse material pertaining to history, social and philosophical topics. Some scholars mention these as Akhyana suktas i.e., narratives. The conversations take place between devatas, devis, rshis, rshipatni (wives of seers), animals, rivers, apsaras, rajas, yuvarajas, rtviks, brahmacharis, and asuras to name a few.<ref name=":1">Mahanta, Anupama. (1995) Ph.D Thesis Title: [http://hdl.handle.net/10603/66689 ''The dialogue hymns of the rgveda - a critical study''] Gauhati University (Chapter 1: Introduction)</ref>
Indra was one of the deities who received great attentions and at least nine of his conversations with various people and things have been eulogised. They are insightful in understanding the characteristics and greatness of 'Vaidika Indra'. Samvada suktas of Indra are found with the Maruts, Agastya, Aditi, Vamadeva, Varuna, Nema Bhargava, Vasukra, Indrani, Vrshakapi and Agni. For example, Indra has fought many wars to establish his supremacy. He is described as fierce, mighty and strong. His birth, activities during yajnas, his passion for drinking soma, wielding the vajra, protecting the subjects etc are mentioned in these suktas.<ref name=":1" />
Agni has been praised in many suktas, as a hotr (priest) and havyavahana (carrier of havya offerings for devatas) while a few Samvada suktas do exist mainly with other devatas.
Samvada suktas found in Rigveda include<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":6">Dvivedi, Kapil Dev. (2000) ''Vaidika Sahitya evam Samskrti (Vedic Literature and Culture).'' Varanasi: Vishvavidyalaya Prakashan. (Pages 44-61)</ref>
#Indra Marut Samvada - 1.165
#Indra Marut Samvada - 1.165
#Indra Agastya Samvada - 1.170
#Indra Agastya Samvada - 1.170
#Vishvamitra Nadi Samvada - 3.33
#Vishvamitra Nadi Samvada - 3.33
#Indra Aditi Vamadeva Samvada - 4.19
#Indra Aditi Vamadeva Samvada - 4.19
#Indra and Varuna Samvada - 4.42
#Vasishta Vasishtaputra Samvada - 7.33
#Vasishta Vasishtaputra Samvada - 7.33
#Vasishta Sudas Samvada - 7.83
#Vasishta Sudas Samvada - 7.83
#Indra Nema Samvada 8.100
#Indra Nema-Bhargava Samvada 8.100
#[[Yama Yami Samvada (यम यमि सम्वादः)]] - 10.10
#[[Yama Yami Samvada (यम यमि सम्वादः)]] - 10.10
#Indra Vasukapatni Samvada - 10.28
#Indra Vasukra Samvada - 10.27
#Indra Vasukrapatni Samvada - 10.28
#Agni Devagana Samvada - 10. 51 to 53
#Agni Devagana Samvada - 10. 51 to 53
#Indra Indrani Vrshakapi Samvada - 10.86
#Indra Indrani Vrshakapi Samvada - 10.86
#[[Pururava Urvashi Samvada (पुरुरवा-ऊर्वशी संवादः)]] - 10.95
#[[Pururava Urvashi Samvada (पुरुरवा-ऊर्वशी संवादः)]] - 10.95
#Devapi Santanu and Brhaspati Samvada - 10.98
#[[Sarama Pani Samvada (सरमापणिसंवादः)]] - 10.108
#[[Sarama Pani Samvada (सरमापणिसंवादः)]] - 10.108
Some suktas are said to be in the samvada shaili (style) of presentation although the Anukramanika does not mention so.
#Indra Agni Samvada - 10.124
Some suktas are said to be explicitly in the samvada shaili (style) of presentation although the Anukramanika does not mention so.
== Summary of Important Samvada Suktas ==
== Summary of Important Samvada Suktas ==
=== Agastya Lopamudra Samvada (1.179) ===
=== Agastya Lopamudra Samvada (1.179) ===
Mandala 1 Sukta 179 in Rigveda contains 6 mantras having the dialogue between Agastya and his wife, Lopamudra. According to the Anukramani, the first two mantras were given by Lopamudra, the next two by Agastya and the last two were by Agastya's pupil.
Mandala 1 Sukta 179 in Rigveda contains 6 mantras having the dialogue between Agastya and his wife, Lopamudra. According to the Anukramani, the first two mantras were given by Lopamudra, the next two by Agastya and the last two were by Agastya's pupil. The legend may be called as a 'sage legend'. We find this dialogue in the Vanaparva of the Mahabharata in a different way.<ref name=":2">Mahanta, Anupama. (1995) Ph.D Thesis Title: [http://hdl.handle.net/10603/66689 ''The dialogue hymns of the rgveda - a critical study''] Gauhati University (Chapters 2 and 3)</ref> As the subject matter of this sukta is conjugal pleasure, Rati is the devata for this sukta.<ref name=":2" />
Summary of the Sukta
==== Summary of the Sukta ====
Agastya and his wife, Lopamudra lived a pious life. Lopamudra speaks that they have passed many autumns together. Both lived the life of Brahmacharya for a long time. One day Lopamudra by the influence of Kama (desire) invites the caress of her husband Agastya for conjugal pleasure. Agastya also feels an attraction towards her and accepts her wish. <blockquote>पू॒र्वीर॒हं श॒रद॑: शश्रमा॒णा दो॒षा वस्तो॑रु॒षसो॑ ज॒रय॑न्तीः । मि॒नाति॒ श्रियं॑ जरि॒मा त॒नूना॒मप्यू॒ नु पत्नी॒र्वृष॑णो जगम्युः ॥१ (Rig. Veda. 1.179.1) </blockquote>Lopamudra says: For many years, days and nights, with self control I have been performing Tapas. Now the shine of the youth is gradually lost with increasing age. Before the onset of old age a wife should always approach her husband at appropriate time.
Agastya and his wife, Lopamudra lived a pious life
Agastya replies that the tapas they have endured is not gone in vain and the devatas will always protect them. He says, "We have defeated all enemies, now we will even be victorious in the "hundred year" war (meaning the oldage problems at the age of hundred years). Let us enjoy our conjugal union. Kama has approached me a jitendriya (one who has control over his senses) from many ways. Come into my arms." The last mantra of the sukta is said to have been uttered by Agastya's antevasi or pupil, however some believe that it is Agastya's mantra. He is feeling remorse that he had broken his vow and may get papa (sin). He asks for the forgiveness of his broken vow as being a human, the mind has many hidden desires.<ref name=":0" />
== References ==
== References ==
[[Category:Rigveda]]
[[Category:Rigveda]]
[[Category:Samvadas]]
[[Category:Samvadas]]