Difference between revisions of "Shudra Dharma (शूद्रधर्मः)"

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{{ToBeEdited}}According to the Bhagavata Purana, a Shudra is to render seva (सेवा | selfless service) to the dvijas (brahmanas, kashtriyas and vaishyas) whose means of livelihood constitute his means of subsistence also.<ref>Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare, The Bhagavata Purana (Part III), Ancient Indian Tradition & Mythology (Volume 9), Edited by J.L.Shastri, New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.150116/page/n95 P.no.964].</ref><blockquote>शूद्रस्य द्विजशुश्रूषा वृत्तिश्च स्वामिनो भवेत् ॥ १५॥<ref name=":0">Bhagavata Purana, Skandha 7, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%AD/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7 Adhyaya 11].</ref></blockquote><blockquote>''śūdrasya dvijaśuśrūṣā vr̥ttiśca svāmino bhavet ॥ 15॥''</blockquote>And the characteristics of a Shudra include submissiveness, purity, faithful (untreacherous) seva (सेवा | selfless service) of the master, performance of the five daily yajnas by bowing down only (without uttering the mantras) abstention from theiving, truthfulness and protection of the cattle and the brahmanas.<ref>Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare, The Bhagavata Purana (Part III), Ancient Indian Tradition & Mythology (Volume 9), Edited by J.L.Shastri, New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.150116/page/n97 P.no.966].</ref><blockquote>शूद्रस्य सन्नतिः शौचं सेवा स्वामिन्यमायया । अमन्त्रयज्ञो ह्यस्तेयं सत्यं गोविप्ररक्षणम् ॥ २४॥<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>''śūdrasya sannatiḥ śaucaṁ sevā svāminyamāyayā । amantrayajño hyasteyaṁ satyaṁ goviprarakṣaṇam ॥ 24॥''</blockquote>Mahabharata
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{{ToBeEdited}}According to the Bhagavata Purana, a Shudra is to render seva (सेवा | selfless service) to the dvijas (brahmanas, kashtriyas and vaishyas) whose means of livelihood constitute his means of subsistence also.<ref>Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare, The Bhagavata Purana (Part III), Ancient Indian Tradition & Mythology (Volume 9), Edited by J.L.Shastri, New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.150116/page/n95 P.no.964].</ref><blockquote>शूद्रस्य द्विजशुश्रूषा वृत्तिश्च स्वामिनो भवेत् ॥ १५॥<ref name=":0">Bhagavata Purana, Skandha 7, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%AD/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7 Adhyaya 11].</ref> ''śūdrasya dvijaśuśrūṣā vr̥ttiśca svāmino bhavet ॥ 15॥''</blockquote>And the characteristics of a Shudra include submissiveness, purity, faithful (untreacherous) seva (सेवा | selfless service) of the master, performance of the five daily yajnas by bowing down only (without uttering the mantras) abstention from theiving, truthfulness and protection of the cattle and the brahmanas.<ref>Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare, The Bhagavata Purana (Part III), Ancient Indian Tradition & Mythology (Volume 9), Edited by J.L.Shastri, New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.150116/page/n97 P.no.966].</ref><blockquote>शूद्रस्य सन्नतिः शौचं सेवा स्वामिन्यमायया । अमन्त्रयज्ञो ह्यस्तेयं सत्यं गोविप्ररक्षणम् ॥ २४॥<ref name=":0" />
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''śūdrasya sannatiḥ śaucaṁ sevā svāminyamāyayā । amantrayajño hyasteyaṁ satyaṁ goviprarakṣaṇam ॥ 24॥''</blockquote>Mahabharata
  
 
प्रजापतिर्हि वर्णानां दासं शूद्रमकल्पयत्।। 12.59.30 (60.28)
 
प्रजापतिर्हि वर्णानां दासं शूद्रमकल्पयत्।। 12.59.30 (60.28)
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यतो हि सर्ववर्णानां यज्ञस्तस्यैव भारत।। 43<ref>Mahabharata, Shanti Parva, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D-12-%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5-059 Adhyaya 59]</ref>
 
यतो हि सर्ववर्णानां यज्ञस्तस्यैव भारत।। 43<ref>Mahabharata, Shanti Parva, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D-12-%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5-059 Adhyaya 59]</ref>
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The Agni Purana mentions that the duties of a Shudra (the fourth class of people) are to serve the brahmanas or to practise handicrafts.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/AgniPuranaUnabridgedEnglishMotilal/page/n441/mode/2up?view=theater The Agni Purana (Part 2)], Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited.</ref>
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शूद्रस्य द्विजशुश्रूषा सर्वशिल्पानि वाप्यथ ॥१५१.९<ref>Agni Purana, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%A7 Adhyaya 151]</ref>
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==
 
<references />
 
<references />
 
[[Category:Dharmas]]
 
[[Category:Dharmas]]

Revision as of 14:20, 17 January 2022

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According to the Bhagavata Purana, a Shudra is to render seva (सेवा | selfless service) to the dvijas (brahmanas, kashtriyas and vaishyas) whose means of livelihood constitute his means of subsistence also.[1]

शूद्रस्य द्विजशुश्रूषा वृत्तिश्च स्वामिनो भवेत् ॥ १५॥[2] śūdrasya dvijaśuśrūṣā vr̥ttiśca svāmino bhavet ॥ 15॥

And the characteristics of a Shudra include submissiveness, purity, faithful (untreacherous) seva (सेवा | selfless service) of the master, performance of the five daily yajnas by bowing down only (without uttering the mantras) abstention from theiving, truthfulness and protection of the cattle and the brahmanas.[3]

शूद्रस्य सन्नतिः शौचं सेवा स्वामिन्यमायया । अमन्त्रयज्ञो ह्यस्तेयं सत्यं गोविप्ररक्षणम् ॥ २४॥[2] śūdrasya sannatiḥ śaucaṁ sevā svāminyamāyayā । amantrayajño hyasteyaṁ satyaṁ goviprarakṣaṇam ॥ 24॥

Mahabharata

प्रजापतिर्हि वर्णानां दासं शूद्रमकल्पयत्।। 12.59.30 (60.28)

तस्माच्छूद्रस्य वर्णानां परिचर्या विधीयते। 31

राज्ञा वा समनुज्ञातः कामं कुर्वीत धार्मिकः।। 33

अवश्यं भरणीयो हि वर्णानां शूद्र उच्यते।। 34

यंच कश्चिद्द्विजातीनां शूद्रः शुश्रूषुराव्रजेत्। कल्प्यां तेन तु तस्याहुर्वृत्तिं धर्मविदो जनाः।। 37

देयः पिण्डोऽनपत्याय भर्तव्यौ वृद्धदुर्बलौ। शूद्रेण तु न हातव्यो भर्ता कस्यांचिदापदि।। 38

अतिरेकेण भर्तव्यो भर्ता द्रव्यपरिक्षये। 39

उक्तस्त्रयाणां वर्णानां यज्ञस्त्रय्येव भारत। स्वाहाकारवषट्‌कारौ मन्त्रः शूद्रे न विद्यते।। 40

तस्माच्छूद्रः पाकयज्ञैयजेताव्रतवान्स्वयम्। पूर्णपात्रमयीमाहुः पाकयज्ञस्य दक्षिणाम्।। 41

शूद्रः पैजवनो नाम सहस्राणां शतं ददौ। ऐन्द्राग्नेन विधानेन दक्षिणामिति नः श्रुतम्।। 42

यतो हि सर्ववर्णानां यज्ञस्तस्यैव भारत।। 43[4]

The Agni Purana mentions that the duties of a Shudra (the fourth class of people) are to serve the brahmanas or to practise handicrafts.[5]

शूद्रस्य द्विजशुश्रूषा सर्वशिल्पानि वाप्यथ ॥१५१.९[6]

References

  1. ↑ Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare, The Bhagavata Purana (Part III), Ancient Indian Tradition & Mythology (Volume 9), Edited by J.L.Shastri, New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, P.no.964.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Bhagavata Purana, Skandha 7, Adhyaya 11.
  3. ↑ Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare, The Bhagavata Purana (Part III), Ancient Indian Tradition & Mythology (Volume 9), Edited by J.L.Shastri, New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, P.no.966.
  4. ↑ Mahabharata, Shanti Parva, Adhyaya 59
  5. ↑ The Agni Purana (Part 2), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited.
  6. ↑ Agni Purana, Adhyaya 151
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