Changes

== Key rivers in the Rgveda ==

== Key rivers in the Rgveda ==

Nadi-sukta (नदीसुक्तम्) mentioned in Mandala 10, is a sukta fully dedicated to the rivers. At least nineteen rivers have been invoked in the 5th and 6th mantras of this sukta, listed from east to west, mentioning the major rivers along with the tributaries of the Sindhu river.<blockquote>इ॒मं मे॑ गङ्गे यमुने सरस्वति॒ शुतु॑द्रि॒ स्तोमं॑ सचता॒ परु॒ष्ण्या । अ॒सि॒क्न्या म॑रुद्वृधे वि॒तस्त॒याऽऽर्जी॑कीये शृणु॒ह्या सु॒षोम॑या ॥५॥ तृ॒ष्टाम॑या प्रथ॒मं यात॑वे स॒जूः सु॒सर्त्वा॑ र॒सया॑ श्वे॒त्या त्या । त्वं सि॑न्धो॒ कुभ॑या गोम॒तीं क्रुमुं॑ मेह॒त्न्वा स॒रथं॒ याभि॒रीय॑से ॥६॥ (Rg.Veda. 10.75.5-6)<ref>Rg Veda ([https://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/rigveda/shakala-samhita/rigveda-shakala-samhita-mandal-10-sukta-075/ Mandala 10 Sukta 75])</ref></blockquote>O Ganga (गङ्गा), Yamuna (यमुना), Sarasvati (सरस्वती), Shutudri (शुतुद्रि) or Shatudri, Parushni (परुष्णी), Asikni (असिक्नी), Marudvrdha (मरुद्वृधा), Vitasta (वितस्ता) along with Sushoma (सुषोमा) and Arjikiya (आर्जीकीय), accept and hear my praise for you. O Sindhu (सिन्धू), you, to meet the swift-flowing Gomati, first joined with river Trshtama (तृ॒ष्टामा). Later you join with Susarta (सुसर्ता), Rasa (रस), Sveta (श्वेता), Kubha (कुभ), Krumu (क्रुमु), and Mehatnu (मेह॒त्नु) and travel in the same chariot (i.e., flow as one river merging along with them).

Nadi-sukta (नदीसुक्तम्) mentioned in Mandala 10, is a sukta fully dedicated to the rivers. At least nineteen rivers have been invoked in the 5th and 6th mantras of this sukta, listed from east to west, mentioning the major rivers along with the tributaries of the Sindhu river.

<blockquote>इ॒मं मे॑ गङ्गे यमुने सरस्वति॒ शुतु॑द्रि॒ स्तोमं॑ सचता॒ परु॒ष्ण्या । अ॒सि॒क्न्या म॑रुद्वृधे वि॒तस्त॒याऽऽर्जी॑कीये शृणु॒ह्या सु॒षोम॑या ॥५॥  

तृ॒ष्टाम॑या प्रथ॒मं यात॑वे स॒जूः सु॒सर्त्वा॑ र॒सया॑ श्वे॒त्या त्या । त्वं सि॑न्धो॒ कुभ॑या गोम॒तीं क्रुमुं॑ मेह॒त्न्वा स॒रथं॒ याभि॒रीय॑से ॥६॥ (Rg.Veda. 10.75.5-6)<ref>Rg Veda ([https://vedicheritage.gov.in/samhitas/rigveda/shakala-samhita/rigveda-shakala-samhita-mandal-10-sukta-075/ Mandala 10 Sukta 75])</ref></blockquote>

O Ganga (गङ्गा), Yamuna (यमुना), Sarasvati (सरस्वती), Shutudri (शुतुद्रि) or Shatudri, Parushni (परुष्णी), Asikni (असिक्नी), Marudvrdha (मरुद्वृधा), Vitasta (वितस्ता) along with Sushoma (सुषोमा) and Arjikiya (आर्जीकीय), accept and hear my praise for you. O Sindhu (सिन्धू), you, to meet the swift-flowing Gomati, first joined with river Trshtama (तृ॒ष्टामा). Later you join with Susarta (सुसर्ता), Rasa (रस), Sveta (श्वेता), Kubha (कुभ), Krumu (क्रुमु), and Mehatnu (मेह॒त्नु) and travel in the same chariot (i.e., flow as one river merging along with them).

Following are more details about the rivers in Rgveda.<ref name=":2">Upadhyaya, Baldev (1958) Vaidik Sahitya (Pages 373 - 381)</ref>

Following are more details about the rivers in Rgveda.<ref name=":2">Upadhyaya, Baldev (1958) Vaidik Sahitya (Pages 373 - 381)</ref>

Ganga as the name of a river finds very scarce mention in the Rgveda, in  one context of उरुकक्षो न गाङ्ग्यः (Rgveda. 6.45.31). Here in this mantra the word गाङ्ग्यः can be considered as a person originating on the banks of river Ganga. However, it is not very clear. It can be said that people of those times were not familiar with this river as much as they were with Sindhu or Sarasvati rivers, according to Pt. Baldev Upadhay.<ref name=":2" /> References to Ganga are amply found in the subsequent [[Brahmana (ब्राह्मणम्)|Brahmana]] and [[Aranyaka (आरण्यकम्)|Aranyaka]] texts such as in Shatapatha Brahmana (13.5.4.11) and Taittriya Aranyaka (2.10).

Ganga as the name of a river finds very scarce mention in the Rgveda, in  one context of उरुकक्षो न गाङ्ग्यः (Rgveda. 6.45.31). Here in this mantra the word गाङ्ग्यः can be considered as a person originating on the banks of river Ganga. However, it is not very clear. It can be said that people of those times were not familiar with this river as much as they were with Sindhu or Sarasvati rivers, according to Pt. Baldev Upadhay.<ref name=":2" /> References to Ganga are amply found in the subsequent [[Brahmana (ब्राह्मणम्)|Brahmana]] and [[Aranyaka (आरण्यकम्)|Aranyaka]] texts such as in Shatapatha Brahmana (13.5.4.11) and Taittriya Aranyaka (2.10).

JahnAvI (जह्नावी) or JAhnavI (जाह्नवी) in the modern times is clearly another name of the Ganga. JahnAvI is clearly the earlier Rgvedic form of the later word JahnAvI, the former word is not found after the Rgveda and the latter word is not found in the Rgveda. The word clearly belongs to a class of words in the Rgveda which underwent a particular phonetic change in the course of time.<ref name=":2" />  

JahnAvI (जह्नावी) or JAhnavI (जाह्नवी) in the modern times is clearly another name of the Ganga. JahnAvI is clearly the earlier Rgvedic form of the later word JahnAvI, the former word is not found after the Rgveda and the latter word is not found in the Rgveda. The word clearly belongs to a class of words in the Rgveda which underwent a particular phonetic change in the course of time.<ref name=":2" />

== References ==

== References ==

*

*

[[Category:Rigveda]]

[[Category:Rigveda]]