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अस्मे ता त इन्द्र सन्तु सत्याहिंसन्तीरुपस्प्र्शः |
अस्मे ता त इन्द्र सन्तु सत्याहिंसन्तीरुपस्प्र्शः |
''asme tā ta indra santu satyāhiṁsantīrupasprśaḥ |''
Meaning: May those soft impulses of thine, O Indra, be fruitful and innocent to us.
Meaning: May those soft impulses of thine, O Indra, be fruitful and innocent to us.
2. Patanjal Yoga Sutras (2.29) enlists Yama as one of the limbs of Ashtanga Yoga as below.
2. Patanjal Yoga Sutras (2.29) enlists Yama as one of the limbs of Ashtanga Yoga as below.
The 8 limbs of yoga are Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayam, Pratyahar, Dharna, Dhyana, Samadhi.
यमनियमासनप्राणायामप्रत्याहारधारणाध्यानसमाधयोऽष्टावङ्गानि ।। २.२९ ।।
''yamaniyamāsanaprāṇāyāmapratyāhāradhāraṇādhyānasamādhayo'ṣṭāvaṅgāni ।। 2.29 ।।''
Meaning: The 8 limbs of yoga are Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayam, Pratyahar, Dharna, Dhyana, Samadhi.
3. Further Patanjali mentions the 5 Yamas in Sutra 2.30
3. Further Patanjali mentions the 5 Yamas in Sutra 2.30
The five Yama as per Patanjali are Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya and Aparigraha.As per other texts the number may vary.
अहिंसासत्यास्तेयब्रह्मचर्यापरिग्रहा यमाः ।। २.३० ।।
''ahiṁsāsatyāsteyabrahmacaryāparigrahā yamāḥ ।। 2.30 ।।''
Meaning: The five Yama as per Patanjali are Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya and Aparigraha.As per other texts the number may vary.
4. The 10 Yamas as per Shandilya Upanishad are as below.
4. The 10 Yamas as per Shandilya Upanishad are as below.
“.... तत्राहिंसासत्यास्तेयब्रह्मचर्यदयाजप- क्षमाधृतिमिताहारशौचानि चेति यमादश ....”
“.... तत्राहिंसासत्यास्तेयब्रह्मचर्यदयाजप- क्षमाधृतिमिताहारशौचानि चेति यमादश ....”
Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya, Daya, Japa, Kshama, Dhriti, Mitahara and Shauch are 10 Yamas. Shandilya Upanishad Verse 1. (<nowiki>https://sanskritdocuments.org/doc_upanishhat/shandilya.html</nowiki>)
''".... tatrāhiṁsāsatyāsteyabrahmacaryadayājapa- kṣamādhr̥timitāhāraśaucāni ceti yamādaśa ...."''
Meaning: Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya, Daya, Japa, Kshama, Dhriti, Mitahara and Shauch are 10 Yamas. Shandilya Upanishad Verse 1.
(<nowiki>https://sanskritdocuments.org/doc_upanishhat/shandilya.html</nowiki>)
5. Bhagvad Gita mentions Ahimsa is below verses from Chapter 17. (The Bhagavad Gita or The Song Divine. Gita Press, Gorakhpur).
5. Bhagvad Gita mentions Ahimsa is below verses from Chapter 17. (The Bhagavad Gita or The Song Divine. Gita Press, Gorakhpur).
स्वाध्यायाभ्यसनं चैव वाङ्मयं तप उच्यते || 17.15||
स्वाध्यायाभ्यसनं चैव वाङ्मयं तप उच्यते || 17.15||
''anudvegakaraṁ vākyaṁ satyaṁ priyahitaṁ ca yat |''
''svādhyāyābhyasanaṁ caiva vāṅmayaṁ tapa ucyate || 17.15||''
Meaning : Words which cause no annoyance to others and are truthful, agreeable and beneficial, as well as the study of the Vedas and other Shastras and the practice of the chanting of the Divine Name
this is known as penance of speech. (15)
6. M. K. Gandhi in "The Young India" magazine Ed. 20<sup>th</sup> Jan 1927, page 21, wrote, <blockquote>"I am not a 'statesman in the garb of a saint'. But since Truth is the highest wisdom, sometimes my acts appear to be consistent with the highest statesmanship. But, I hope I have no policy in me save the policy of Truth and ahimsa. I will not sacrifice Truth and ahimsa even for the deliverance of my country or religion. That is as much as to say that neither can be so delivered. " </blockquote>7. Hatha Yoga Pradipika by Swatmaram also mentions Satya as below.<blockquote>“Non-violence, truth, non-stealing, continence (being absorbed in a pure state of consciousness), forgiveness, endurance, compassion, humility, moderate diet and cleanliness are the ten rules of conduct (yama). (ii)”</blockquote>Ref: Swami Muktibodhananda, Hatha Yoga Pradipika, 2013 ed. Pg. 56 Chap. 1 verse 16. Yoga Publications Trust, Munger, Bihar, India
6. M. K. Gandhi in "The Young India" magazine Ed. 20<sup>th</sup> Jan 1927, page 21, wrote, <blockquote>"I am not a 'statesman in the garb of a saint'. But since Truth is the highest wisdom, sometimes my acts appear to be consistent with the highest statesmanship. But, I hope I have no policy in me save the policy of Truth and ahimsa. I will not sacrifice Truth and ahimsa even for the deliverance of my country or religion. That is as much as to say that neither can be so delivered. " </blockquote>7. Hatha Yoga Pradipika by Swatmaram also mentions Satya as below.<blockquote>“Non-violence, truth, non-stealing, continence (being absorbed in a pure state of consciousness), forgiveness, endurance, compassion, humility, moderate diet and cleanliness are the ten rules of conduct (yama). (ii)”</blockquote>Ref: Swami Muktibodhananda, Hatha Yoga Pradipika, 2013 ed. Pg. 56 Chap. 1 verse 16. Yoga Publications Trust, Munger, Bihar, India
Ahimsa is a virtue that a person is expected to bear. It is a Yama that a person can follow. Below are reasons for it.
Ahimsa is a virtue that a person is expected to bear. It is a Yama that a person can follow. Below are reasons for it.
a. बुद्धिर्ज्ञानमसम्मोह: क्षमा सत्यं दम: शम: |
a.
बुद्धिर्ज्ञानमसम्मोह: क्षमा सत्यं दम: शम: |
सुखं दु:खं भवोऽभावो भयं चाभयमेव च || 10.4||
सुखं दु:खं भवोऽभावो भयं चाभयमेव च || 10.4||
अहिंसा समता तुष्टिस्तपो दानं यशोऽयश: |
अहिंसा समता तुष्टिस्तपो दानं यशोऽयश: |
भवन्ति भावा भूतानां मत्त एव पृथग्विधा: || 10.5||<blockquote>Reason, right knowledge, unclouded understanding, forbearance, veracity, control over the senses and mind, joy and sorrow, evolution and dissolution, fear and fearlessness, non-violence, equanimity, contentment, austerity, charity, fame and obloquy, these diverse traits of creatures emanate from Me alone. (4-5)</blockquote>Ref: Bhagvad Gita 4, 5 verses of Chapter 10. (The Bhagavad Gita or The Song Divine. Gita Press, Gorakhpur).
भवन्ति भावा भूतानां मत्त एव पृथग्विधा: || 10.5||
''buddhirjñānamasammoha: kṣamā satyaṁ dama: śama: |''
''sukhaṁ du:khaṁ bhavo'bhāvo bhayaṁ cābhayameva ca || 10.4||''
''ahiṁsā samatā tuṣṭistapo dānaṁ yaśo'yaśa: |''
''bhavanti bhāvā bhūtānāṁ matta eva pr̥thagvidhā: || 10.5||''<blockquote>Meaning : Reason, right knowledge, unclouded understanding, forbearance, veracity, control over the senses and mind, joy and sorrow, evolution and dissolution, fear and fearlessness, non-violence, equanimity, contentment, austerity, charity, fame and obloquy, these diverse traits of creatures emanate from Me alone. (4-5)</blockquote>Ref: Bhagvad Gita 4, 5 verses of Chapter 10. (The Bhagavad Gita or The Song Divine. Gita Press, Gorakhpur).
अहिंसा सत्यमक्रोधस्त्याग: शान्तिरपैशुनम् |
अहिंसा सत्यमक्रोधस्त्याग: शान्तिरपैशुनम् |
दया भूतेष्वलोलुप्त्वं मार्दवं ह्रीरचापलम् || 16.2||<blockquote>Non-violence in thought, word and deed, truthfulness and geniality of speech, absence of anger, even on provocation, disclaiming doership in respect of actions, quietude or composure of mind, abstaining from slander, compassion towards all creatures, absence of attachment to the objects of senses even during their contact with the senses, mildness, a sense of shame in transgressing the scriptures or social conventions, and abstaining from frivolous pursuits; (2)</blockquote>Ref: Bhagvad Gita verse, 2 of Chapter 16. (The Bhagavad Gita or The Song Divine. Gita Press, Gorakhpur).
दया भूतेष्वलोलुप्त्वं मार्दवं ह्रीरचापलम् || 16.2||
''ahiṁsā satyamakrodhastyāga: śāntirapaiśunam |''
''dayā bhūteṣvaloluptvaṁ mārdavaṁ hrīracāpalam || 16.2||''<blockquote>Meaning: Non-violence in thought, word and deed, truthfulness and geniality of speech, absence of anger, even on provocation, disclaiming doership in respect of actions, quietude or composure of mind, abstaining from slander, compassion towards all creatures, absence of attachment to the objects of senses even during their contact with the senses, mildness, a sense of shame in transgressing the scriptures or social conventions, and abstaining from frivolous pursuits; (2)</blockquote>Ref: Bhagvad Gita verse, 2 of Chapter 16. (The Bhagavad Gita or The Song Divine. Gita Press, Gorakhpur).
b. Bhagvad Gita - Commentary by Sri Ramanujacharya, pg 398 chap. 16, verse 2 commentaries.
b. Bhagvad Gita - Commentary by Sri Ramanujacharya, pg 398 chap. 16, verse 2 commentaries.
सत्यं यथादृष्टार्थगोचरभूतहितवाक्यम्।
सत्यं यथादृष्टार्थगोचरभूतहितवाक्यम्।
देख-सुनकर समझी हुई बात को ठीक वैसे ही बतलाने के लिये कहे जाने वाले प्राणियों के हितकर वचन का नाम ‘सत्य’ है।
''satyaṁ yathādr̥ṣṭārthagocarabhūtahitavākyam।''
Meaning in Hindi: देख-सुनकर समझी हुई बात को ठीक वैसे ही बतलाने के लिये कहे जाने वाले प्राणियों के हितकर वचन का नाम ‘सत्य’ है।
=== c. Ref: The story of my experiments with truth, chap. 2, page 4, Navajivan Publishing House, translated from the Gujarati by Mahadev Desai ===
=== c. Ref: The story of my experiments with truth, chap. 2, page 4, Navajivan Publishing House, translated from the Gujarati by Mahadev Desai ===