Changes

Surya gives light to all the other grahas (planets). According to Puranic Encyclopedia<ref name=":1">Vettam. Mani, (1975). ''[https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft Puranic encyclopaedia : A comprehensive dictionary with special reference to the epic and Puranic literature].'' Delhi:Motilal Banasidass.</ref>, Surya has an area of 50 crore yojanas and its distance from the earth is 22 crore yojanas. In the external world, the trees, plants and birds, every living being depends on Light.

Surya gives light to all the other grahas (planets). According to Puranic Encyclopedia<ref name=":1">Vettam. Mani, (1975). ''[https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft Puranic encyclopaedia : A comprehensive dictionary with special reference to the epic and Puranic literature].'' Delhi:Motilal Banasidass.</ref>, Surya has an area of 50 crore yojanas and its distance from the earth is 22 crore yojanas. In the external world, the trees, plants and birds, every living being depends on Light.

 

==      परिचयः || Introduction ==

==      परिचयः || Introduction ==

Since Vedic times, Surya who is considered as the visible 'lamp of the solar system' is worshiped as 'pratyaksha daiva (Visible God)'. All life forms depend on Surya, his rays, and the heat, for virtually everything. Most importantly the earthly Kala (time) year, month, week, seasons, rains; all time factors depend upon on light and Surya. Needless to say that without Surya there is no life on Earth.   

Since Vedic times, Surya who is considered as the visible 'lamp of the solar system' is worshiped as 'pratyaksha daiva (Visible God)'. All life forms depend on Surya, his rays, and the heat, for virtually everything. Most importantly the earthly Kala (time) year, month, week, seasons, rains; all time factors depend upon on light and Surya. Needless to say that without Surya there is no life on Earth.   

==== Family ====

==== Family ====

<blockquote>सूर्यस्य पत्नी संज्ञाभूत्तनया विश्वकर्मणः । मनुर्यमो यमी चैव तदूपत्यानि वै मुने ।। २ ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.2)<ref>Vishnu Purana ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D-%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A8 Amsha 3 Adhyaya 2])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>संज्ञयमित्यथार्कश्व छायायामात्मजत्रयम । शनैश्वरं मनुञ्चन्यं तपतीञ्चप्यजीजनत् ।। ४ ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.4)</blockquote><blockquote>ततो विवस्वानाख्याते तयैवारण्यसंस्थिताम् । समाधिदृष्टया ददृशे तामश्वां तपसि स्विताम ।। ६ ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.6)</blockquote><blockquote>वाजिरूपधरः सोऽथ तस्यां देवावथाश्विनौ । जनयामास रेवन्तं रेतसोऽन्ते च भास्करः ।। ७ ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.7)</blockquote><blockquote>''sūryasya patnī saṁjñābhūttanayā viśvakarmaṇaḥ । manuryamo yamī caiva tadūpatyāni vai mune ।। 2 ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.2)''</blockquote><blockquote>''saṁjñayamityathārkaśva chāyāyāmātmajatrayama । śanaiśvaraṁ manuñcanyaṁ tapatīñcapyajījanat ।। 4 ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.4)''</blockquote><blockquote>''tato vivasvānākhyāte tayaivāraṇyasaṁsthitām । samādhidr̥ṣṭayā dadr̥śe tāmaśvāṁ tapasi svitāma ।। 6 ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.6)''</blockquote><blockquote>''vājirūpadharaḥ so'tha tasyāṁ devāvathāśvinau । janayāmāsa revantaṁ retaso'nte ca bhāskaraḥ ।। 7 ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.7)''</blockquote>Surya has two wives Samjna, (the daughter of Viswakarma), and Chaya. Samjna begot three children by Surya : '''वैवस्वतमनु ॥ Vaivasvata''' '''Manu, [[Yama (यमः)|Yama]] and Yami.''' By Chaya, three children were born : '''सावर्णिमनु''' '''॥ Savarni Manu, Sanaischara and Tapati.'''   

<blockquote>सूर्यस्य पत्नी संज्ञाभूत्तनया विश्वकर्मणः । मनुर्यमो यमी चैव तदूपत्यानि वै मुने ।। २ ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.2)<ref>Vishnu Purana ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D-%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A8 Amsha 3 Adhyaya 2])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>संज्ञयमित्यथार्कश्व छायायामात्मजत्रयम । शनैश्वरं मनुञ्चन्यं तपतीञ्चप्यजीजनत् ।। ४ ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.4)</blockquote><blockquote>ततो विवस्वानाख्याते तयैवारण्यसंस्थिताम् । समाधिदृष्टया ददृशे तामश्वां तपसि स्विताम ।। ६ ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.6)</blockquote><blockquote>वाजिरूपधरः सोऽथ तस्यां देवावथाश्विनौ । जनयामास रेवन्तं रेतसोऽन्ते च भास्करः ।। ७ ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.7)</blockquote><blockquote>''sūryasya patnī saṁjñābhūttanayā viśvakarmaṇaḥ । manuryamo yamī caiva tadūpatyāni vai mune ।। 2 ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.2)''</blockquote><blockquote>''saṁjñayamityathārkaśva chāyāyāmātmajatrayama । śanaiśvaraṁ manuñcanyaṁ tapatīñcapyajījanat ।। 4 ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.4)''</blockquote><blockquote>''tato vivasvānākhyāte tayaivāraṇyasaṁsthitām । samādhidr̥ṣṭayā dadr̥śe tāmaśvāṁ tapasi svitāma ।। 6 ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.6)''</blockquote><blockquote>''vājirūpadharaḥ so'tha tasyāṁ devāvathāśvinau । janayāmāsa revantaṁ retaso'nte ca bhāskaraḥ ।। 7 ।। (Vish. Pura. 3.2.7)''</blockquote>Surya has two wives Samjna, (the daughter of Viswakarma), and Chaya. Samjna begot three children by Surya : '''वैवस्वतमनु ॥ Vaivasvata''' '''Manu, [[Yama Deva (यमदेवः)|Yama]] and Yami.''' By Chaya, three children were born : '''सावर्णिमनु''' '''॥ Savarni Manu, Sanaischara and Tapati.'''   

Once, Samjna unable to bear the brightness or the effulgence of Surya created Chaya, (her look alike) out of her shadow and engaged her to take her place to look after Surya and her children. She then left for the forests to do penance.  

Once, Samjna unable to bear the brightness or the effulgence of Surya created Chaya, (her look alike) out of her shadow and engaged her to take her place to look after Surya and her children. She then left for the forests to do penance.