Difference between revisions of "Akshara Brahma Yoga (अक्षरब्रह्मयोगः)"
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Arjuna in this chapter, asks Sri Krishna about the meaning of the different terms referred to by Him in the last two verses of the previous chapter. He wishes to know what is the Supreme Being, what is Karma (action) that He refers to, the elements and the centre of all things within this human body, etc | Arjuna in this chapter, asks Sri Krishna about the meaning of the different terms referred to by Him in the last two verses of the previous chapter. He wishes to know what is the Supreme Being, what is Karma (action) that He refers to, the elements and the centre of all things within this human body, etc | ||
* The Supreme being | * The Supreme being | ||
− | Sri Krishna says, beyond all things manifest and unmanifest, beyond these names and forms, there is the Supreme Being—Brahman. That brahman dwells in this body as the centre of all things, including our own self (atma). We are a | + | Sri Krishna says, beyond all things manifest and unmanifest, beyond these names and forms, there is the Supreme Being—Brahman. That brahman dwells in this body as the centre of all things, including our own self (atma). We are a adhyatmik being residing within this body supported by the Antaryami. |
* The Secret of eternal bliss | * The Secret of eternal bliss | ||
Attaining unity with the supreme reality thereby freeing oneself from the bondage of birth and death is the subject matter in this chapter. Talking of the journey beyond the physical world, it is said that, even though the departure is seen as both an auspicious as well as an inauspicious circumstance, if one steadily abides in the thoughts of the Supreme being with unwavering shraddha and bhakti, then these conditions do not matter. Because, by always remaining in tune with the Supreme through pure love, everything is made auspicious. When one remains ever united with the Divine through deep devotion, constant remembrance, regular meditation and continuous communion, then all times, places, conditions and situations become auspicious and blessed. And this is the secret of invoking His Grace for attaining Him that leads to eternal freedom and bliss. And worship, prayer and offering to the deities with shraddha and bhakti constitute actions that lead to blessedness. | Attaining unity with the supreme reality thereby freeing oneself from the bondage of birth and death is the subject matter in this chapter. Talking of the journey beyond the physical world, it is said that, even though the departure is seen as both an auspicious as well as an inauspicious circumstance, if one steadily abides in the thoughts of the Supreme being with unwavering shraddha and bhakti, then these conditions do not matter. Because, by always remaining in tune with the Supreme through pure love, everything is made auspicious. When one remains ever united with the Divine through deep devotion, constant remembrance, regular meditation and continuous communion, then all times, places, conditions and situations become auspicious and blessed. And this is the secret of invoking His Grace for attaining Him that leads to eternal freedom and bliss. And worship, prayer and offering to the deities with shraddha and bhakti constitute actions that lead to blessedness. |
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Akshara Brahma Yoga (Samskrit: अक्षरब्रह्मयोगः) is the commonly given title to the eighth chapter of the Bhagavad Gita. This chapter talks about the radiant, imperishable divine reality who is beyond all things manifest and unmanifest, names and forms and which is the highest goal to be attained in the human life.
परिचयः ॥ Introduction
The previous chapter spoke about union with the Supreme being. In continuation to that discussion, Sri Krishna in this chapter, explains that all beings, including even the deities, repeatedly come into being in this created universe from the state of unmanifest being wherein they remained at the end of an age-cycle. However, the Supreme being exists even beyond this unmanifest state. And those who attain union with the Supreme being do not have to come again into this impermanent world of sorrow and pain. Therefore, that radiant, imperishable Divine Reality is the highest goal to be attained and single-minded devotion of our heart is the means of attaining this highest state.[1]
अध्यायसारः ॥ Summary of the Eighth Chapter
Arjuna in this chapter, asks Sri Krishna about the meaning of the different terms referred to by Him in the last two verses of the previous chapter. He wishes to know what is the Supreme Being, what is Karma (action) that He refers to, the elements and the centre of all things within this human body, etc
- The Supreme being
Sri Krishna says, beyond all things manifest and unmanifest, beyond these names and forms, there is the Supreme Being—Brahman. That brahman dwells in this body as the centre of all things, including our own self (atma). We are a adhyatmik being residing within this body supported by the Antaryami.
- The Secret of eternal bliss
Attaining unity with the supreme reality thereby freeing oneself from the bondage of birth and death is the subject matter in this chapter. Talking of the journey beyond the physical world, it is said that, even though the departure is seen as both an auspicious as well as an inauspicious circumstance, if one steadily abides in the thoughts of the Supreme being with unwavering shraddha and bhakti, then these conditions do not matter. Because, by always remaining in tune with the Supreme through pure love, everything is made auspicious. When one remains ever united with the Divine through deep devotion, constant remembrance, regular meditation and continuous communion, then all times, places, conditions and situations become auspicious and blessed. And this is the secret of invoking His Grace for attaining Him that leads to eternal freedom and bliss. And worship, prayer and offering to the deities with shraddha and bhakti constitute actions that lead to blessedness.
Thus, the secret of reaching the Divine Being is to constantly practise unbroken remembrance of the Supreme at all times, in all places and even amidst one’s daily activities. Accustomed to such steady remembrance of the Supreme through regular daily Sadhana, one will be rooted in His remembrance even at the time of departing from this body. Thus, his departure will take him beyond darkness and bondage to attain the realm of eternal blessedness.
Such concentrated remembrance of the divine is possible with practise of sense-control. The senses must be well disciplined so that there is gradual withdrawal from material objects and the mind is channelised towards the supreme being dwelling within. And chanting of Om or any Divine Name as a regular practice (sadhana) daily, brings one closer to the goal of attaining the Supreme.[1]
Verses
ॐ
श्रीपरमात्मने नमः
अथाष्टमोऽध्यायः
अर्जुन उवाच
किं तद्ब्रह्म किमध्यात्मं किं कर्म पुरुषोत्तम । अधिभूतं च किं प्रोक्तमधिदैवं किमुच्यते ॥८- १॥
अधियज्ञः कथं कोऽत्र देहेऽस्मिन्मधुसूदन । प्रयाणकाले च कथं ज्ञेयोऽसि नियतात्मभिः ॥८- २॥
श्रीभगवानुवाच
अक्षरं ब्रह्म परमं स्वभावोऽध्यात्ममुच्यते । भूतभावोद्भवकरो विसर्गः कर्मसंज्ञितः ॥८- ३॥
अधिभूतं क्षरो भावः पुरुषश्चाधिदैवतम् । अधियज्ञोऽहमेवात्र देहे देहभृतां वर ॥८- ४॥
अन्तकाले च मामेव स्मरन्मुक्त्वा कलेवरम् । यः प्रयाति स मद्भावं याति नास्त्यत्र संशयः ॥८- ५॥
यं यं वापि स्मरन्भावं त्यजत्यन्ते कलेवरम् । तं तमेवैति कौन्तेय सदा तद्भावभावितः ॥८- ६॥
तस्मात्सर्वेषु कालेषु मामनुस्मर युध्य च । मय्यर्पितमनोबुद्धिर्मामेवैष्यस्यसंशयम् ॥८- ७॥
अभ्यासयोगयुक्तेन चेतसा नान्यगामिना । परमं पुरुषं दिव्यं याति पार्थानुचिन्तयन् ॥८- ८॥
कविं पुराणमनुशासितारमणोरणीयांसमनुस्मरेद्यः । सर्वस्य धातारमचिन्त्यरूपमादित्यवर्णं तमसः परस्तात् ॥८- ९॥
प्रयाणकाले मनसाचलेन भक्त्या युक्तो योगबलेन चैव । भ्रुवोर्मध्ये प्राणमावेश्य सम्यक्स तं परं पुरुषमुपैति दिव्यम् ॥८- १०॥
यदक्षरं वेदविदो वदन्ति विशन्ति यद्यतयो वीतरागाः । यदिच्छन्तो ब्रह्मचर्यं चरन्ति तत्ते पदं संग्रहेण प्रवक्ष्ये ॥८- ११॥
सर्वद्वाराणि संयम्य मनो हृदि निरुध्य च । मूर्ध्न्याधायात्मनः प्राणमास्थितो योगधारणाम् ॥८- १२॥
ओमित्येकाक्षरं ब्रह्म व्याहरन्मामनुस्मरन् । यः प्रयाति त्यजन्देहं स याति परमां गतिम् ॥८- १३॥
अनन्यचेताः सततं यो मां स्मरति नित्यशः । तस्याहं सुलभः पार्थ नित्ययुक्तस्य योगिनः ॥८- १४॥
मामुपेत्य पुनर्जन्म दुःखालयमशाश्वतम् । नाप्नुवन्ति महात्मानः संसिद्धिं परमां गताः ॥८- १५॥
आब्रह्मभुवनाल्लोकाः पुनरावर्तिनोऽर्जुन । मामुपेत्य तु कौन्तेय पुनर्जन्म न विद्यते ॥८- १६॥
सहस्रयुगपर्यन्तमहर्यद्ब्रह्मणो विदुः । रात्रिं युगसहस्रान्तां तेऽहोरात्रविदो जनाः ॥८- १७॥
अव्यक्ताद्व्यक्तयः सर्वाः प्रभवन्त्यहरागमे । रात्र्यागमे प्रलीयन्ते तत्रैवाव्यक्तसंज्ञके ॥८- १८॥
भूतग्रामः स एवायं भूत्वा भूत्वा प्रलीयते । रात्र्यागमेऽवशः पार्थ प्रभवत्यहरागमे ॥८- १९॥
परस्तस्मात्तु भावोऽन्योऽव्यक्तोऽव्यक्तात्सनातनः । यः स सर्वेषु भूतेषु नश्यत्सु न विनश्यति ॥८- २०॥
अव्यक्तोऽक्षर इत्युक्तस्तमाहुः परमां गतिम् । यं प्राप्य न निवर्तन्ते तद्धाम परमं मम ॥८- २१॥
पुरुषः स परः पार्थ भक्त्या लभ्यस्त्वनन्यया । यस्यान्तःस्थानि भूतानि येन सर्वमिदं ततम् ॥८- २२॥
यत्र काले त्वनावृत्तिमावृत्तिं चैव योगिनः । प्रयाता यान्ति तं कालं वक्ष्यामि भरतर्षभ ॥८- २३॥
अग्निर्ज्योतिरहः शुक्लः षण्मासा उत्तरायणम् । तत्र प्रयाता गच्छन्ति ब्रह्म ब्रह्मविदो जनाः ॥८- २४॥
धूमो रात्रिस्तथा कृष्णः षण्मासा दक्षिणायनम् । तत्र चान्द्रमसं ज्योतिर्योगी प्राप्य निवर्तते ॥८- २५॥
शुक्लकृष्णे गती ह्येते जगतः शाश्वते मते । एकया यात्यनावृत्तिमन्ययावर्तते पुनः ॥८- २६॥
नैते सृती पार्थ जानन्योगी मुह्यति कश्चन । तस्मात्सर्वेषु कालेषु योगयुक्तो भवार्जुन ॥८- २७॥
वेदेषु यज्ञेषु तपःसु चैव दानेषु यत् पुण्यफलं प्रदिष्टम् । अत्येति तत्सर्वमिदं विदित्वा योगी परं स्थानमुपैति चाद्यम् ॥८- २८॥
ॐ तत्सदिति श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतासूपनिषत्सु ब्रह्मविद्यायां योगशास्त्रे श्रीकृष्णार्जुनसंवादे अक्षरब्रह्मयोगो नामाष्टमोऽध्यायः ॥८॥
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Swami Sivananda (2000), Bhagavad Gita, Uttar Pradesh: The Divine Life Society, The Yoga of the Imperishable Brahman.