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'''Samidadhanam''' (Samskrit : समिदाधानम्) also known as '''Agnikaryam''' is the [[Yajna]] performed in a ''loukika agni'' (grhyagni) by [[brahmacharis]] (celibate bachelors). This [[Homa (ritual)|homa]] is performed daily twice: once in the morning and again in the evening. These two are respectively called Pratah Agnikaryam and Sayam Agnikaryam. The method and mantras of performing the Agnikaryam are different for Rigveda and Yajurveda.
'''Samidadhana''' (Samskrit : समिदाधानम्) also known as '''Agnikaryam''' is the [[Yajna]] performed in a ''loukika agni'' (grhyagni) by [[brahmacharis]] (celibate bachelors). This [[Homa (ritual)|homa]] is performed daily twice: once in the morning and again in the evening. These two are respectively called Pratah Agnikaryam and Sayam Agnikaryam. The method and mantras of performing the Agnikaryam are different for Rigveda and Yajurveda.
It is prescribed by vedas that all the dvijas (the ‘twice-born,’ through Upanayana) of the first three varṇas are to be initiated into performing Samidhadhanam.
It is prescribed by vedas that all the dvijas (the ‘twice-born,’ through Upanayana) of the first three varṇas are to be initiated into performing Samidhadhanam.
=== नित्यकर्म ॥ Nityakarma ===
=== नित्यकर्म ॥ Nityakarma ===
Brahmachari's should perform two activities everyday.
Brahmachari's should perform two activities everyday.
At the time of investing the yagnopaveeta, he is taught to perform daily aahuti in the fire called Praajapatyagni.
At the time of investing the yagnopaveeta, he is taught to perform daily aahuti in the fire called Praajapatyagni.
=== Aspects of Samidadhana ===
=== Aspects of Samidadhana ===
In '''Vishnupurana''' (3.9.3)<ref>Vishnupurana ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D-%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%AF Amsha 3 Adhyaya 9]) </ref><blockquote>उभे संध्ये रविं भूप तथैवामग्निं समाहितः । उपतिष्ठेत्तदा कुर्य्याद्गुरोरप्यभिवागनम्॥ (Vish. Pura. 3.9.3)</blockquote>A bachelor should with devotion pray to surya and agni during both sandhyakaalas and also pay respects to his guru.
In '''Vishnupurana''' (3.9.3)<ref>Vishnupurana ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D-%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%AF Amsha 3 Adhyaya 9]) </ref><blockquote>उभे संध्ये रविं भूप तथैवामग्निं समाहितः । उपतिष्ठेत्तदा कुर्य्याद्गुरोरप्यभिवागनम्॥ (Vish. Pura. 3.9.3)</blockquote>A bachelor should with devotion pray to surya and agni during both sandhyakaalas and also pay respects to his guru.
“I should become full of brilliance from your brilliance; I should get vigour from your vigour; from your power of removing sin, I should get that power. May Agni Bhagavan grant me knowledge, progeny and powerful sense organs. May Surya grant me knowledge, progeny and glowing vigour.”
“I should become full of brilliance from your brilliance; I should get vigour from your vigour; from your power of removing sin, I should get that power. May Agni Bhagavan grant me knowledge, progeny and powerful sense organs. May Surya grant me knowledge, progeny and glowing vigour.”
== Verses and Meanings ==
== Verses and Meanings ==
Within Asvalaayana Grhya sutras the mantras to be recited during samidhaadhana are given <blockquote>अग्निं परिसमूह्य ब्रह्मचारी तूष्णीं समिधमादध्यात् तूष्णीं वै प्राजापत्यं प्राजापत्यो ब्रह्मचारी भवतीति विज्ञायते १० २० (Asva. Grhy. Sutra 8.1.2.10)</blockquote>Meaning : Brahmachari should gather together the prajapatyagni and silently offer samidhas, knowing that Prajaapati is Brahmachari himself.<blockquote>मन्त्रेण हैके अग्नये समिधमाहार्षं बृहते जातवेदसे तया त्वमग्ने वर्द्धस्व समिधा ब्रह्मणा वयं स्वाहेति १ </blockquote><blockquote>स समिधमाधायाग्निमुपस्पृश्य मुखं निमार्ष्टि त्रिस्तेजसा मा समनज्मीति २ तेजसा ह्येवात्मानं समनक्तीति विज्ञायते ३ </blockquote><blockquote>मयि मेधां मयि प्रजां मय्यग्निस्तेजो दधातु मयि मेधां मयि प्रजां मयीन्द्र इन्द्रियं दधातु मयि मेधां मयि प्रजां मयि सूर्यो भ्राजो दधातु । यत्ते अग्ने तेजस्तेनाहं तेजस्वी भूयासं यत्ते अग्ने वर्चस्तेनाहं वर्चस्वी भूयासं यत्ते अग्ने हरस्तेनाहं हरस्वी भूयासं इत्युपस्थाय जान्वाच्योपसंगृह्य ब्रूयादधीहि भोः सावित्रीं भो३ अनुब्रू३ हीति ४ </blockquote><blockquote>तस्य वाससा पाणिभ्यां च पाणी संगृह्य सावित्रीमन्वाह पच्छोऽर्द्धर्चशः सर्वाम् ५ यथाशक्ति वाचयीत ६ </blockquote><blockquote>हृदयदेशेऽस्योर्द्ध्वाङ्गुलिं पाणिमुपदधाति मम व्रते हृदयन्ते दधामि मम चित्तमनु चित्तं ते अस्तु । मम वाचमेकव्रतो जुषस्व बृहस्पतिष्ट्वा नियुनक्तु मह्यमिति ७ (Asva. Grhy. Sutra 8.1.21.1 to 7)<ref name=":222">Asvalaayana Grhya Sutras ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D Adhyaya 8])</ref></blockquote>
Within Asvalaayana Grhya sutras the mantras to be recited during samidhaadhana are given <blockquote>अग्निं परिसमूह्य ब्रह्मचारी तूष्णीं समिधमादध्यात् तूष्णीं वै प्राजापत्यं प्राजापत्यो ब्रह्मचारी भवतीति विज्ञायते १० २० (Asva. Grhy. Sutra 8.1.2.10)</blockquote>Meaning : Brahmachari should gather together the prajapatyagni and silently offer samidhas, knowing that Prajaapati is Brahmachari himself.<blockquote>मन्त्रेण हैके अग्नये समिधमाहार्षं बृहते जातवेदसे तया त्वमग्ने वर्द्धस्व समिधा ब्रह्मणा वयं स्वाहेति १ </blockquote><blockquote>स समिधमाधायाग्निमुपस्पृश्य मुखं निमार्ष्टि त्रिस्तेजसा मा समनज्मीति २ तेजसा ह्येवात्मानं समनक्तीति विज्ञायते ३ </blockquote><blockquote>मयि मेधां मयि प्रजां मय्यग्निस्तेजो दधातु मयि मेधां मयि प्रजां मयीन्द्र इन्द्रियं दधातु मयि मेधां मयि प्रजां मयि सूर्यो भ्राजो दधातु । यत्ते अग्ने तेजस्तेनाहं तेजस्वी भूयासं यत्ते अग्ने वर्चस्तेनाहं वर्चस्वी भूयासं यत्ते अग्ने हरस्तेनाहं हरस्वी भूयासं इत्युपस्थाय जान्वाच्योपसंगृह्य ब्रूयादधीहि भोः सावित्रीं भो३ अनुब्रू३ हीति ४ </blockquote><blockquote>तस्य वाससा पाणिभ्यां च पाणी संगृह्य सावित्रीमन्वाह पच्छोऽर्द्धर्चशः सर्वाम् ५ यथाशक्ति वाचयीत ६ </blockquote><blockquote>हृदयदेशेऽस्योर्द्ध्वाङ्गुलिं पाणिमुपदधाति मम व्रते हृदयन्ते दधामि मम चित्तमनु चित्तं ते अस्तु । मम वाचमेकव्रतो जुषस्व बृहस्पतिष्ट्वा नियुनक्तु मह्यमिति ७ (Asva. Grhy. Sutra 8.1.21.1 to 7)<ref name=":222">Asvalaayana Grhya Sutras ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D Adhyaya 8])</ref></blockquote>
== References ==
== References ==
<references />